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Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Kvävekoncentrationen i den gröna biomassan hos vegetation är involverad i många olika biokemiska processer i det terrestra ekosystemet. Till exempel så påverkar den fotosyntesen, förmultning och evaportanspirationen, för att nämna några. Därför är den också ofta en av grundparametrarna och drivkraften i olika ekosystem-modeller. Att mäta kvävehalten hos blad/barNitrogen in the green biomass of vegetation plays an important role in many biochemical processes in the terrestrial ecosystems, and often used as an input parameter to ecosystem models. It strongly influences photosynthetic rate, decomposition, and evaportanspiration, to name a few. Measuring nitrogen in field involves a lot of time and money, and it would be valuable if this part of the data col

This report is intended to outline the domestic airline industry in terms of capacity and forecasts, and to analyse the financial condition and prospects of its operators. The outcome of the study has been severely impaired by the insufficiency of information supplied by airlines, which has rendered the report more indicative than was initially my intention. The domestic airline industry, aft

Rwanda is endeavouring to deal with its evil past of internal war and genocide to enable a peaceful future. Conflicts between Tutsis and Hutus dominate the Rwandan history. An estimated one million persons were massacred during the 1994 genocide directed against Tutsis and moderate Hutus. Those who survived suffer from physical and psychological wounds. This is equally true for the survivors of wa

Det digitala samhällets utmaningar för EU:s upphovsrättsliga system är många. Med syftet att implementera WIPO:s internettraktater från 1996, samt att horisontellt harmonisera regelverket för upphovsrätt och närliggande rättigheter, antog EU år 2001 det mycket kritiserade InfoSoc-direktivet. Dess mest kontroversiella delar rör upphovsrättsundantagen samt det specifika skyddet som ges till tekniskaThe challenges of the digital networked environment to the EU copyright system are many. With the task of implementing the 1996 WIPO Internet Treaties while at the same time horizontally harmonizing the legal framework on copyright and related rights, the EU in 2001 adopted the much-criticized InfoSoc Directive. Its most controversial provisions were on copyright exceptions and the specific protec

Sustainability philosophers claim that we are at the impasse of stories, finding ourselves in a blank chapter between the old and the new. The old story, characterized by separation, technological arrogance and human superiority over nature, is unfolding in an ecological crisis giving space for a new narrative defined by inter being, cooperation and balance. It has been put forward that this crisi

The aviation industry is perceived as being unsustainable in the long term due to foreseen continuous growth and the use of finite natural resources. To become more sustainable airlines need to address sustainability in their business model and business strategies. This research explores how the two airline carrier types, Ryanair, an LCC, and Scandinavian Airlines (SAS), an FSC, have addressed sus

Brown seaweeds are marine macro algae, which are quite unexplored for their potential uses in food products in Europe. Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta are fast growing brown seaweeds species in European countries, mainly found in Norway and cold waters of the North Atlantic. These species are known to be rich sources of iodine, protein, polyphenols, carbohydrates and micronutrients like

Rooted in the environmental movement, the climate movement in Sweden is on the rise and increasingly gaining support in its fight against climate change and its unequal impacts. If successful, the movement can play an important role in changing society. There is increased awareness and proof of the gendered effects of climate change, but awareness of the role of gender in the climate movement seem

Unravelling type I interferon signalling during Mycobacterial infection In 2018 alone, 1.2 million deaths worldwide were due to tuberculosis (TB), an infection, usually of the lung, which is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While antibiotic treatments have been available for decades, antibiotic resistance, as well as the lack of an effective vaccine has prevented the eradicatio

Denna uppsats redogör för straffvärdebedömningen vid grova narkotikabrott. Fram till 1923 hade narkotika ingen juridisk innebörd i Sverige, men allteftersom det introducerades i samhället och ett missbruk började spridas, började också lagstiftningen utvecklas kring det. När det uppdagades vilka rusframkallande och beroendeframkallande effekter narkotika förde med sig, och att dessa preparat hamnaThis essay describes the assessment of penal value concerning grave narcotic offenses. Up until 1923 narcotics did not have a legal meaning in Sweden, but as it was introduced in society and an addiction started spreading, the legislation also started to evolve around it. When it began to be known what intoxicative and addictive effects narcotics brought with it, and that these preparations starte

Upprinnelsen till detta examensarbete var att Otis Stockholm, som också leder den svenska verksamheten, saknade en processkarta för nymontageavdelning. Försök hade gjorts tidigare med att göra en processkartläggning, men man hade då inte kommit hela vägen. Man ville nu från ledningens håll ha en karta på processen så att alla gjorde på samma sätt från projekt till projekt. Processen var uppdelad iThe impetus for this thesis was the identification of the need for a process map for processing new equipment within Otis Sweden. The company had tried before to map their process but had not fully developed the model. This time managers wanted a process map to stabilize the process of managing employees to ensure consistency across projects. The process has been spit in two functions, the sales a

Åberopandet av bevis i de svenska domstolarna styrs av principen om fri bevisföring, som ger parterna rätt att presentera de bevis de önskar, utan krav om att beviset ska ha tillkommit i enlighet med viss reglering. Från denna princip finns dock vissa undantag. Bevis som härstammar från en anonym källa har ansetts utgöra ett sådant undantag, på grund av oförenligheten med processrättens krav och pThe presenting of evidence within Swedish courts is controlled by the principle of free production of evidence, which gives the parties a right to refer to any evidence, without any requirements regarding its conception. There are however a few exceptions. Evidence originating from anonymous sources has been considered an exception, due to the discrepancy between such evidence and the principles o

Extraterritoriell tillämpning av traktater gällande mänskliga rättigheter väcker många frågor och är idag högaktuell inom både internationella domstolar och arbetsområdet för mänskliga rättigheter i stort. Min uppsats fokuserar på den extraterritoriella tillämpningen av Europakonventionen. Den övergripande frågan som besvaras är under vilka omständigheter Europakonventionens medlemsstater måste föThe issue of extraterritorial application of human right treaties raises many questions and is today very much alive before international Courts and human right mechanisms. This thesis focuses on the extraterritorial application of the European Convention on Human Rights. The main question answered is under which circumstances the State Parties to the European Convention of Human Rights are bound

De stora häxprocesserna i Europa ägde rum under 1400- till 1700-talet. Framställningen avser att besvara hur den juridiska processen mot häxeriet var utformad samt förklara hur häxförföljelserna kunde uppstå. Den inkvisitoriska processen var karaktäristisk för häxprocesserna. I motsats till den ackusatoriska processen kunde domaren ta initiativ till rättsliga processer och låta makthavarnas ideoloThe witchcraft trials in Europe took place from the 15th to the 18th century. The purpose of this presentation is to clarify the model of the legal process against the witches and give an explanation of how the witch hunts started. The inquisitorial process was characteristic for the witchcraft trials. As opposed to the accusatory process, the judge could initiate the process and let the ideologie

Föreliggande uppsats behandlar två omdiskuterade lagar, lagen med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga (LVU) respektive lagen om psykiatrisk tvångsvård (LPT). Det primära syftet är att utröna gränsdragningen i rättens kriterier för tvångsvård av den unge, dels enligt LVU, dels enligt LPT. I vilka fall tillämpas LVU respektive LPT för den unge? Jag försöker även belysa om det råder förenlighet meThis thesis deals with two very highly debated regulation concerning the Care of Young Persons Act (1990:52) and the Involuntary Psychiatric Care Act (1992:1128), hereafter referred to as the LVU and the LPT. The primary purpose of this thesis is to explore the factual boundaries put in place by the courts’ criteria for the involuntary care of young people in accordance with the LVU and the LPT. W

Alternative 13-meter roads (2 +1 roads) has recently become a major part of the Swedish road network, in 2008 there were around 1280 km of 2 +1. Since these roads have major downsides for the vulnerable road users, it is important to review the design of the places where the vulnerable road users have to cross the road. The traffic is affecting both environment and humans at three levels, local, r

This thesis presents the first attempt to estimate Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) in inland waters over a large-scale area using satellite data and machine learning (ML) methods. Four ML approaches, namely Random Forest Regression (RFR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), and a Multilayer Backpropagation Neural Network (MBPNN) were tested to retrieve DOC using a fi

Oats (Avena sativa) are a cereal crop rich in dietary fibre, vitamins, antioxidants, and other nutrients. It is considered to have higher nutritional values compared to other cereals, with a higher fat content (2-13%). Oats also have high content of lipase enzymes when compared to other crops. The high lipase activity is unwanted in oats as it may induce hydrolytic rancidity, with a soapy, bitter

In an evermore competitive environment for companies and business, predictive customer behaviour models can give companies a competitive edge over its competitors. Two such important predictive behaviour models are customer churn models and customer lifetime value (CLV) models. As it is more expensive for companies to acquire new customers rather than retaining existing ones, it is important for b

Syftet med denna avhandling är att utveckla en ny metod för att producera bilder med syntetisk aperturradar (SAR), med utgångspunkt i scenarier med arbiträr rörelse vad gäller radarsensorn. SAR är en väletablerad metod för att skapa 2- eller 3-dimensionella radarbilder, som traditionellt sett antar att radar-sensorns rörelse är linjär och förutsägbar. Därmed är positionerna för varje radardata-punThe purpose of this thesis is to develop a novel approach to producing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, assuming the scenario of arbitrary motion in regards to the radar sensor. SAR is a well-researched method for creating 2- or 3-dimensional radar images, traditionally assuming the radar sensor's motion to be linear and highly predictable. Thus the locations where each radar data is sam