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The articular cartilage of synovial joints ensures friction-free mobility and attenuates mechanical impact on the joint during movement. These functions are mediated by the complex network of extracellular molecules characteristic for articular cartilage. Zonal differences in the extracellular matrix (ECM) are well recognized. However, knowledge about the precise molecular composition in the diffe

Objective: The authors sought to clarify the sources of parent-offspring resemblance for drug abuse, alcohol use disorders, and criminal behavior, using a novel genetic-epidemiological design. Method: Using national registries, the authors identified rates of drug abuse, alcohol use disorders, and criminal behavior in 41,360 Swedish individuals born between 1960 and 1990 and raised in triparental

Genetic colour polymorphisms are widespread across animals and often subjected to complex selection regimes. Traditionally, colour morphs were used as simple visual markers to measure allele frequency changes in nature, selection, population divergence and speciation. With advances in sequencing technology and analysis methods, several model systems are emerging where the molecular targets of sele

Survival after non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has increased thanks to improved treatment but NHL survivors have an increased risk of second neoplasms. The assessment of cancer risk patterns after NHL may help to quantify the late side-effects of therapy. Poisson regression was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and absolute incidence rates for nine solid tumours based on a nationwide cohort of 60 9

Bacteria play a central role in the cycling of carbon, yet our understanding of the relationship between the taxonomic composition and the degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is still poor. In this experimental study, we were able to demonstrate a direct link between community composition and ecosystem functioning in that differently structured aquatic bacterial communities differed in t

Background: Only about half the studies that have collected information on the relevance of women's height and body mass index to their risk of developing ovarian cancer have published their results, and findings are inconsistent. Here, we bring together the worldwide evidence, published and unpublished, and describe these relationships. Methods and Findings: Individual data on 25,157 women with o

The motivation of this study is the general lack of knowledge regarding the efficiency and the appropriate use of the adaptation strengths of Siemens automatic exposure control system CARE Dose 4D. The purpose was to evaluate the effect on radiation absorbed dose using different adaptation strengths of CARE Dose 4D in three routine pediatric CT protocols. A pediatric anthropomorphic whole body pha

The present study collected and analyzed flow boiling data points which fall in the annular flow regime with an increasing heat transfer coefficient h - vapor quality x trend (h increases with increasing x) in small diameter channels (0.1 < dh < 3.1 mm) for halogenated refrigerants, CO2 and water. In this annular flow regime, heat transfer coefficient also depends on both heat flux and mass flux.

All seals and cetaceans have lost at least one of two ancestral cone classes and should therefore be colour-blind. Nevertheless, earlier studies showed that these marine mammals can discriminate colours and a colour vision mechanism has been proposed which contrasts signals from cones and rods. However, these earlier studies underestimated the brightness discrimination abilities of these animals,

The spectral coverage of a light-harvesting polymer largely determines the maximum achievable photocurrent in organic photovoltaics, and therefore constitutes a crucial parameter for improving their performance. The D-A1-D-A2 copolymer motif is a new and promising design strategy for extending the absorption range by incorporating two acceptor units with complementary photoresponses. The fundament

Soil disturbance is a common phenomenon in semi-natural sandy grasslands, caused by management practices, livestock trampling and erosion. To better understand ecosystem processes when the surface layers of the soil are disturbed, we investigated the effects of disturbance on different functional microbial groups by the use of signature fatty acid analysis. Four levels of disturbance were investig

Hemicelluloses isolated from agricultural residues have the potential to replace fossil-based materials in high-value-added applications, provided that cost-efficient isolation processes are developed. In this study, a feed solution containing hemicelluloses extracted from wheat bran with a particular high viscosity was used to study the performance of ultrafiltration for hemicellulose isolation a

Menstrual and reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use have been investigated as pancreatic cancer risk factors in case-control and cohort studies, but results have been inconsistent. We conducted a prospective examination of menstrual and reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use and pancreatic cancer risk (based on 304 cases) in 328,610 women from the EPIC cohort. Then, in a case-control

ABSTACT: Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) is an important regulator of cell signaling because of its ability to dephosphorylate receptors of growth factors as well as the cytokines and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins associated with these receptors. In the current study, we used four different prostate cancer cell lines: PC3, DU145, LNCaP and LNCaP-IL6+. Tumor speci

Purpose This study aims to report the clinical outcome of computer-assisted fundoplication (CAF) in children. Methods As our center changed policy to using computer-assisted surgery only, a prospectively studied cohort of 40 children underwent CAF, during the period from January 2006 through May 2013. The collected data include patient demographics and postoperative complications as well as medica

De svenska riktade ränteavdragsbegränsningsreglerna infördes år 2009 i syfte att förhindra oönskad skatteplanering där den svenska skattebasen urholkas genom ränteupplägg med lån mellan bolag inom samma intressegemenskap. Regelverket återfinns numera i 24 kap. 18–20 §§ IL och begränsar avdragsrät-ten för räntekostnaderna på koncerninterna lån. Regelverket ändrades först år 2013 och sedan igen år 2The Swedish targeted interest deduction rules were introduced in 2009, aim-ing to prevent unwanted tax planning that erodes the Swedish tax base through interest schemes involving loans between intra-group companies. The rules are now located in Chapter 24, Sections 18–20 of the Income Tax Act (ITA) and limit the right to deduct interest costs on intra-group loans. The rules were modified in 2013,

The high-temperature oxidation of stainless-steel parts poses significant problems in power generation, chemical processing, and heat exchanger industries. Stainless steel grades such as austenitic AISI 316L, 310S, and ferritic 430 commonly used in industries undergo carving of oxide scales which diminishes spatial quality, increases corrosion, and reduces thermal conductivity. This thesis focuses

Nya byggnormer – smartare tunnlar? Cut-and-Cover-tunnlar är vanliga vid grund anläggningsnivå i svensk infrastruktur. Dessa betongkonstruktioner utsätts för konstant vattentryck, vilket ställer krav på sprickkontroll. Sprickor uppstår ofta på grund av tvångslaster, exempelvis från temperaturvariationer och krympning, när dessa deformationer hindras av omgivningen. För att begränsa sprickbildning dTunnel structures play an important role in Sweden’s infrastructure. At shallow depths, a common construction method is the so-called “Cut-and-Cover” tunnel, where the tunnel placement is excavated, cast in concrete on-site, and then backfilled. Such tunnels are typically subjected to constant water pressure, which yields high demands on crack control. Cracking in elongated concrete structures oft

Harmful algal blooms pose a threat to public health and the economy, affecting tourism, fisheries, and aquaculture. Complex environmental factors influence their occurrence, but current forecasting models often overlook the role of grazers. Chemical cues released by zooplankton, copepodamides, can trigger the production of toxins in harmful algae. Therefore, their presence in bivalves may enhance

In the pursuit of sustainable chemical production, feedstock diversification is essential. Lignosulfonates, a water-soluble aromatic byproduct of the sulfite pulping process, offer a green alternative for producing value-added compounds such as vanillin via oxidative depolymerization. However, current depolymerization processes are not comparable due to inconsistencies in feedstocks and a lack of