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BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of dementia is rapidly expanding and is expected to triple by 2050. Approximately 45 % of dementia cases are estimated to be attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors. Identifying how these factors contribute to specific brain pathologies may improve strategies to reduce dementia incidence.OBJECTIVES, DESIGN, SETTING: The aim of this study was to identif

Objective: To report the use of a percutaneous carotid access with vessel closure devices (VCDs) during complex endovascular aortic arch repair. Methods: Seven international high-volume centers conducted a retrospective review of all patients receiving percutaneous carotid access with VCD during endovascular aortic arch procedures to investigate its feasibility and safety. The primary end point wa

Popular Abstract in Swedish Att balansera. Cancer från ett primärvårdsperspektiv. Diagnostik, posttraumatisk stress och vård vid livets slut Denna avhandling belyser cancer från en utgångspunkt som kanske inte handlar om vad man först kommer att tänka på när man hör ordet cancerforskning. Det handlar inte om att “lösa cancerns gåta” eller att hitta nya metoder för behandling eller diagnos. UtgångThis thesis explores cancer from a primary care perspective covering three areas: diagnosis, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and end-of-life care. We analyzed patient records of every child diagnosed with a malignancy in a defined area. During 12 years 68 children were diagnosed (incidence 14/100,000). For 68% the diagnosis was initiated in primary care. There were 25 children with leukemia

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although value sets for the five-level version of the generic health-related quality-of-life instrument EQ-5D are emerging, there is still no value set available in the literature based on time trade-off valuations made by individuals experiencing the valued health states. The aim of this study was to estimate experience-based value sets for the EQ-5D-5L for Sweden using

Sustainable development is one of the greatest global challenges facing human beings in the 21st century. In order to tackle sustainability related problems, several global, European, and national targets for 2050 have been set. The transition of supply chains activities towards sustainability targets calls for designing new strategies and continuously identifying and tackling the challenges that

Popular Abstract in Swedish De positiva hälsoeffekterna av ett högt intag av frukt och grönsaker har diskuterats intensivt under de senaste årtiondena. Flera befolkningsundersökningar har visat på samband mellan ett ökat intag av av frukt och grönsaker och en minskad risk för flera kroniska sjukdomar. Antioxidanter i vegetabilier anses vara en stor bidragande orsak till detta samband tack vare derThe health-promoting effects of fruits and vegetables have been extensively discussed during the past decade since epidemiologic studies have shown relations between increased intake of fruit and vegetables and decreased incidences of several chronic diseases. It has been suggested that antioxidants are a main contributors to the observed effects, for example by acting as scavengers of free radica

AIM: To estimate the incidence of collagenous colitis (CC) in southern Sweden during 2001-2010. METHODS: Cases were identified by searching for CC in the diagnostic registers at the Pathology Departments in the county of Skåne. The catchment area comprised the south-west part of the county (394 307 inhabitants in 2010) and is a mixed urban and rural type with limited migration. CC patients that h

Popular Abstract in Swedish Polymermembranbränsleceller (PEM) anses vara en mycket lovande teknik inom fordonsindustrin på grund av dess kompakthet i storlek, höga verkningsgrader samt låga arbetstryck och temperaturer. De senaste åren har tekniken varit fokus för en anseenlig mängd forskning. PEM-bränsleceller har den stora fördelen att energiomvandlingseffektiviteten har potential för att vara bThis thesis presents numerical simulations of reacting transport phenomena in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Broadly, the presented work is subdivided into macro and microscale simulations. In macroscale simulations, a unit PEM fuel cell with interdigitated flow field configurations is simulated keeping in mind all the essential transport mechanisms, i.e., transport of species, ion

Popular Abstract in Swedish Båtbenet är ett lite ben i handloven som är väsentlig för handledens funktion. Båtbenet kan skadas om man ramlar och tar emot med handen, och den skadade är ofta en ung man, som inte sällan håller på med sport. Man ser ingen felställning på handledens utsida, men patienten upplever ofta smärta på handledens tummsida. Röntgen har svårt att påvisa ett brott, eftersom båtbAbstract The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. The diagnosis is difficult and untreated the long-term results are poor. Approximately 10% do not unite even if they are treated properly. The aim of this thesis was to study scaphoid fracture epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. During a four-year period (2004-03-01 to 2008-02-28) all patients attending the Emergency Department a

Wastewater treatment is a worldwide necessity that is even more crucial to countries deprived from abundant fresh water sources or unable to afford advanced and costly processes. With this perspective, this thesis was conducted within an Egyptian-Swedish research collaboration that aimed to develop solar-based (as free renewable energy source available locally) process for hazardous wastewater tre

Det brinner, lågorna står från taket och än en gång väcks skräcken till liv i den svenska befolkningen. Gryningspyromanen har precis lämnat porten på Bollhusgatan 8 i Ystad och poliserna är honom hack i häl. Denna gång kommer bevisen att räcka för en fällande dom. Är gryningspyromanen egentligen pyroman? Om inte, vad är pyromani och varför faller inte Sveriges kändaste pyroman under begreppet? HurIt is burning, the flames have spread to the roof and once again, terror plagues the people of Sweden. Gryningspyromanen has just left the entrance of Bollhusgatan 8 in Ystad and the police are right behind him. This time, the evidence will be sufficient for a conviction. Is gryningspyromanen really a pyromaniac? If not, what is pyromania and why does Sweden's most famous pyromaniac not qualif

The adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation proclaimed Europe’s stance on the significance of the right to data privacy today whereas digital technologies have prevailed all around the globe and all spheres of our lives. Digitalization is thus a phenomenon that has ever since drawn attention from leaders and policymakers which why the Regulation along with other European privacy regimes

Bröstcancer är den vanligaste formen av cancer hos kvinnor. Fler än 7000 diagnostiseras med denna sjukdom varje år i Sverige. En del av behandlingen mot cancern är strålbehandling. För att strålbehandlingen ska ge goda effekter är det viktigt att det är den sjuka vävnaden som bestrålas, och att den friska vävnaden förskonas från strålningen i den mån det är möjligt. Detta uppnås genom noggranna stPurpose: The CatalystTM system was tested and compared with an X-ray image verification system for patient positioning during breast cancer treatment. Included was to find the optimal reference image and the optimal cropping method for the reference image. Parameters that could lead to an optimization of the treatment routines were also evaluated. Method and Material: The study was divided into t

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Den ökande urbaniseringen värden över och de hälsorisker som identifierats i samband med värmeböljor i städer, har medfört att det urbana klimatet blivit ett allt viktigare forskningsområde. Vindhastighet är en av de viktigaste parametrarna när det gäller att beräkna lokala klimatvariationer och bedöma eventuella hälsorisker. En enkel beräkningsmetod för vind kanWind is a complex phenomenon and a critical factor in assessing climatic conditions and pedestrian comfort within cities. This master’s thesis attempts to quantify and model the relationship between near ground wind speed and urban geometry using two-dimensional raster data and variable selection methods based on Multiple Linear Regression. A simple regression model can be implemented in a Geogra

Purpose: Identifying biomarkers of radiotherapy (RT) response is important for optimizing the treatment of early breast cancer. In this study, we tested the interaction between endothelial cell (EC) expression of phospho-Tyr397-FAK (pY397-FAK) and adjuvant-RT on clinical outcomes after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) within a randomized study. Preclinical data suggest an enhanced effect of RT on l

IMPORTANCE: Breast cancer (BC), the most prevalent cancer among women globally, is a heterogeneous disease, with prognosis differing by estrogen receptor (ER) status. Having a family history of BC increases the risk of BC; however, it is unclear whether family history is associated with the prognosis of overall and ER-specific BC.OBJECTIVE: To assess whether a family history of BC is associated wi

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of knee pain, and the most common form ofarthritis. It causes pain and disability, and there is currently no cure. Recent research in knee OA highlights therole of the meniscus in OA pathology. In this thesis, the overall aim was to study the proteome and microstructureof the human meniscus, both in healthy subjects and OA patients

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has been shown to decrease with longer duration of oral contraceptive preparations (OCPs) use. While the effects of OCPs in the general population are well established (∼50% reduction), the estimated risk reduction in mutation carriers is much less precise due to potential bias and small sample sizes. In addition, only a few stud

BACKGROUND: Lynch syndrome is a rare familial cancer syndrome caused by pathogenic variants in the mismatch repair genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, or PMS2, that cause predisposition to various cancers, predominantly colorectal and endometrial cancer. Data are emerging that pathogenic variants in mismatch repair genes increase the risk of early-onset aggressive prostate cancer. The IMPACT study is prospect

BACKGROUND: From the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women have been considered at greater risk of severe morbidity and mortality. However, data on hospitalized pregnant women show that the symptom profile and risk factors for severe disease are similar to those among women who are not pregnant, although preterm birth, Cesarean delivery, and stillbirth may be more frequent and vertical tr