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Multiexciton absorption cross sections are important for analysis of a number of experiments, including multiple exciton generation and stimulated emisson. We present a rigorous method to determine these cross sections using transient absorption (TA) measurements. We apply the method to CdSe quantum dots (QDs) and core–shell (CdSe)ZnS QDs. The method involves measuring TA dynamics for various exci

BACKGROUND: : Atherosclerosis is considered to be an inflammatory disease. Infections are a significant cause of inflammation. Acute infections might precipitate acute coronary syndromes (ACS) whereas chronic infections might be stimuli for the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS: : Coronary angiograms were done on 211 of 335 patients with ACS and the percentage of coronary obstruction was det

Photoinduced electron injection dynamics from CdSe quantum dots to ZnO nanowires is studied by transient absorption and time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy measurements. Ultrafast electron transfer from the CdSe quantum dots to ZnO is proven to be efficient already on a picoseconds time scale (tau = 3-12 ps). The measured kinetics was found to have a two-component character, whose origin is discu

Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and autoantibodies specific for GAD65 (GADA) are associated with autoimmune diseases including Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) and Type 1 diabetes (T1D). GADA is recognized as a biomarker of value for clinical diagnosis and prognostication in these diseases. Nonetheless, it remains medically interesting to develop sensitive and specific assays to detect GAD65 pre

To survive on a global market, small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) require affordable and competitive industrial automation for high quality flexible manufacturing. This thesis contributes to the development of robot concepts that fit the needs of SMEs. A major part of the thesis deals with the modeling of the three degree-of-freedom (DOF) Gantry-Tau parallel kinematic robot, which has the po

Solar cells based on organometal halide perovskites have seen rapidly increasing efficiencies, now exceeding 15%. Despite this progress, there is still limited knowledge on the fundamental photophysics. Here we use microwave photoconductance and photoluminescence measurements to investigate the temperature dependence of the carrier generation, mobility, and recombination in (CH3NH3)PbI3. At temper

The concept of disaster risk reduction has gained more and more attention since the end of the 20th century due to the exponential increased loss of human lives and material losses, without any evidence of increased number of hazardous events. Instead of just managing disastrous events, a greater emphasis has been put on prevention efforts; an understanding of underlying drivers and vulnerabilitie

Trade costs and sunk export costs play a crucial role in defining trade flows between countries and, directly, affect firms’ strategic decisions in terms of international expansion. Trade costs include all the costs attached to a delivery of good to a final user and, thus, incorporate transportation costs, policy barriers, information costs, contract costs and currency costs. Sunk costs include co

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the extent to which policy integration and project coordination has been achieved and what the effects of these two factors have been in relation to the fisheries sector in the Lake Victoria region in the East African Community (EAC). Theories pertaining to benefits of policy integration and project coordination are utilized as well as the theory of the "T

Introduction: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are lymphocyte aggregates resembling secondary lymphoid organs and are pivotal in cancer immunity. The ambiguous morphological definition of TLS makes it challenging to ascertain their clinical impact on patient survival and response to immunotherapy. Objectives: This study aimed to characterize TLS in hematoxylin-eosin tissue sections from lung can

Two cast Mg–Al–Ba–Ca alloys, DieMag633 and DieMag844, are the focus of this study. Their microstructureMicrostructure consists of a eutectic Ca-rich structure, the lamellar Al2Ca, and of a hard, compact and brittle interdendritic Ba-rich phase, the Mg21Al3Ba2 phase. Both phases have a much higher hardness than the α-Mg matrix and strongly influence the crack propagationCrack propagation under quas

The concept of the rule of law has been a central issue in China for the past two decades, gaining even greater prominence under Xi Jinping’s leadership. This article examines the development of the rule of law in China, drawing on insights from local Chinese scholarship as a vital source for understanding the situation. By analyzing the most cited research articles in the China National Knowledge

Currently, water insecurity is the most common way through which the majority of the global population is experiencing climate change. Projections show that climate change-induced water disasters- floods and droughts chiefly- are expected to increase in the next decades. These circumstances are and will be creating major challenges for peoples’ health and well-being. In this chapter, we present th

"The Value of Knowledge - Towards a Virtue Epistemological Position" The classical question, first posed in Plato's Meno, concerning the value of knowledge constitutes the starting point of this essay. Value analysis has long been neglected in epistemologist's accounts until its re-emergence with the tradition called ?virtue epistemology?, in particular with scholars following Er

This study examines Turkey’s agricultural sector and how it will be affected by a EU membership. Since Turkey has a great rural population and is relatively dependent on its agriculture, the implementation of the CAP will most probably affect not only the rural community, but also the specialization patterns in agriculture and the trade. The aim of this study is to estimate these changes and draw

The Brazilian National Synchrotron Light Laboratory, LNLS, operates a synchrotron light source consisting of a 1.37 GeV electron storage ring and a 120 MeV injector. A summary of the commissioning and operation performance of the vacuum system for the linear accelerator (LINAC), transport line, RF system and storage ring is presented. The performance of the subsystems is described including the ph

Global climate change is one of the greatest environmental threats facing humanity and it is affecting every country on every continent. Recent evidence confirms a close liaison between climate change induced hazards and the built environment, as the built environment demonstrates a high fragility and vulnerability to hazardous situations. The impact of climate change is particularly pertinent to

The COVID-19 pandemic was a novel biological hazard that emerged in 2019 and significantly impacted various sectors of society. While sectors such as the economy and health were severely affected, the education sector was no stranger to the grave impact of the pandemic. While the pandemic called for regulations such as lockdowns and social distancing, the education sector was required to shift the

While recent cognitive science research shows a renewed interest in understanding intelligence, there is still little consensus on what constitutes intelligent behaviour and how it should be assessed. Here we propose a refined approach to biological intelligence as accurate prediction, according to which intelligent behaviour should be understood as adaptive control driven by the minimisation of u