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Background: During the last years, the affective profiles model has been applied to study individual differences among Spanish children in psychological characteristics, such as optimism and pessimism. This research has replicated past studies from adult and adolescent Swedish populations by identifying four profiles using clustering methods on self-reports of children’s experience of positive (PA
Integration is described as fundamental for immigrants in order for them to establish a normal life in a new and unknown country. Mass migration is a current globally discussed problem, described as a social problem due to increased crime, usually blamed on failed attempts at integration. This study discusses the Swedish Fathima project organized by Save the Children’s Youth Association. The Fathi
It is now well established that there is a reciprocal relationship between the content of literature and societal norms. Within feminist criticism, this has been highlighted as problematic, as women are often not portrayed fairly. In this essay, I will examine the relationship between literature and society by comparing the 19th-century Medieval novels Ivanhoe (1819) by Sir Walter Scott and The Wh
BackgroundTo enable immunotherapy for ovarian cancers, precision targets for immune priming as well as patient stratification approaches are required. The tumor microenvironment in particularly the rare subtypes of low-grade serous, mucinous, clear cell and endometrioid ovarian cancer, remains poorly characterized, and these tumors have been largely ignored in the immuno-oncology setting.MethodsWe
Innate-like T cells (ILTCs) link innate immune responses with adaptive immune functions. This group includes invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and γδ T cells. ILTCs detect transformed or stressed cells via non-classical antigen presentation pathways. For example, iNKT cells recognize CD1d-presented glycolipids, MAIT cells respond to MR1-presented
In this article we define a new concept that has not previously been theorized: non-Muslim Islam. We argue that theories and methodologies within Islamic studies produce a hierarchy between Muslim and non-Muslim productions of Islam, prioritizing the first. However, this article highlights that Islam may be produced for other purposes than belief in a deity; Islam may for example be important in p
HIV-2, compared to HIV-1, elicits potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies, and uses a broad range of co-receptors. However, both sensitivity to neutralization and breadth of co-receptor use varies between HIV-2 isolates, and the molecular background is still not fully understood. Thus, in the current study, we have deciphered relationships between HIV-2 neutralization sensitivity, co-receptor u
This chapter covers prosodic features of languages across Southwestern, Central, and Northern Asia. One representative language from each of the four main language families is passed in review, Turkish (Turkic), Mongolian (Mongolic), Persian (Indo-European), and Georgian (Kartvelian). Owing to a lack of descriptive coverage of the prosody of languages in Central Asia, no comprehensive surveys are
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is an effective treatment for patients with aortic stenosis; however, complications related to paravalvular leakage (PVL) persist, including increased risk of mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and rehospitalisation. AIMS: We sought to evaluate the clinical outcomes and valve performance at 1 year in patients with severe aortic stenosis treated
This chapter examines the evolution of social class segregation in the city of Landskrona during the twentieth century. The city’s population was initially spatially mixed with regards to social class but became more segregated with industrialization. The study reveals that the segregation of higher white-collar workers increased drastically from 1940 to 1960, with a concentration of this group in
Intranasal administration of peptide Acl-9[4Y], based on the N-terminal epitope of myelin basic protein, can induce CD4(+) T cell tolerance, and suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. The peptide-induced regulatory T (PI-T-Reg) cells failed to produce IL-2, but expressed IL-10 in response to Ag and could suppress naive T cell responses in vitro. Analysis of Jak-STAT signalin
Psoriasis is a frequently occurring inflammatory skin disease characterized by thickened erythematous skin that is covered with silvery scales. It is a complex genetic disease with both heritable and environmental factors contributing to onset and severity. The CD18 hypomorphic PL/J mouse reveals reduced expression of the common chain of beta(2) integrins (CD11/CD18) and spontaneously develops a s
The European Pre-Standard for protective clothing against cold ENV 342:1998 suggests that the testing of thermal insulation should be made on a moving thermal manikin. In this way the value can be used to match requirements specified by the IREQ-method or as realistic input for prediction of thermal stress in other standards. It is known from prior work that insulation values measured with human s
Popular Abstract in Swedish Humant immunbrist virus (HIV) bryter långsamt ner kroppens immunförsvar. Sjukdomen AIDS uppstår när den HIV infekterade personens immunförsvar är så pass försvagat att kroppen inte längre kan bekämpa infektioner som en frisk individ inte blir sjuk av. Världshälsoorganisationen, WHO, uppskattar att det idag lever omkring 40 miljoner människor i världen smittade med HIV. HIV-1 uses the coreceptors CCR5 and/or CXCR4 in addition to CD4 to enter the host cell. CCR5-using HIV-1 (R5 phenotype) appears to transmit infection and usually dominates the early stages of disease. Evolution of HIV-1 coreceptor use is usually described as the acquisition of CXCR4-using virus (X4 or R5X4 phenotype), and is linked to accelerated disease progression. However, the switch to CXCR4 u
Summary form only given. Spectra were recorded from a fluorescent light tube under a number of experimental conditions and using different spectroscopic techniques. The motivation of the work was to use spectroscopic techniques for plasma diagnostics purposes. The spectrometers used were a high resolution echelle based instrument and a Fourier transform spectrometer in Lund and a low-resolution in
Popular Abstract in Swedish ?DNA-mikromatriser eller genchips? är idag väletablerade verktyg inom biologisk forskning och klinisk diagnostik. Genmikromatriser kan exempelvis användas för att i mikroskala studera genetiska skillnader mellan sjuka och friska vävnader. Informationen som då erhålls kan ge värdefulla upplysningar om sjukdomens natur och användas vid utveckling av nya läkemedel. GenernAntibody-based microarrays are among the novel class of rapidly evolving proteomic technologies. In recent years, antibody microarrays have emerged as a unique tool for high-throughput protein expression profiling with great promise within biomedicine and a wide range of potential applications, including disease diagnostics and biomarker discovery. In order to evolve the technology from small dedi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Autoimmuna sjukdomar såsom reumatoid artrit (RA) och multipel skleros (MS) uppkommer av en felaktig immunrespons mot kroppens egen vävnad. Orsaken är okänd trots enormt mycket forskning om ämnet. Ett sätt att öka kunskapen vore att identifiera de gener som bidrar till sjukdomarna. För sådana relativt vanliga, komplexa sjukdomar finns det inte en gen som ?styr? sjukdomarAutoimmune diseases are dependent on both genetic and environmental factors in complex interplay. They arise from a faulty immune response against self-antigens, and causes great suffering in affected individuals. Despite large efforts and hundreds of thousands of research articles published, the disease etiologies remain largely unknown. Knowledge of which genes are involved and how they interact
Mankind is already spending beyond the capacity of its planet and trends look very scaring. Big changes in human behaviour are urgent. As pointed out by others there are many ways how Ergonomics/Human Factors/ could contribute to such changes. The aim of this paper is to discuss some lessons learnt from safety performance in aviation and trans¬formed to sustainability, especially the concepts sust
