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This article discusses new configurations of power when global forces interact with local societies in transition. In particular, it deals with the project society of humanitarian aid, and the warlord/mafia formations beyond the reach of the new states. Examples come from the Balkans, where there is interaction between the new class of project elites managing foreign assistance, the local politica
Aims Genetic testing is needed for the formal diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), but this is not widely available. If any MODY biomarkers were known, these could possibly be used as an alternative. Hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1alpha and HNF-4alpha regulate transcription of genes encoding complement 5 (C5), complement 8 (C8) and transthyretin (TTR), suggesting that these
Background The complex carbohydrate composition of natural and refined plant material is not known in detail but a matter that is of both basic and applied importance. Qualitative assessment of complex samples like plant and wood tissues requires the availability of a range of specific probes. Monoclonal antibodies and naturally existing carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) have been used in the pa
This article discusses the characteristics of ritual practices, according to Roy Rappaport-s general theory of ritual. I start by discussing technology as a kind of ritual product of science and then briefly present Rappaport-s ritual theory as an aid in understanding how the Mi-kmaq Indians of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, employed rituals in their efforts to protect a sacred mountain from bei
Increased understanding of the molecular processes associated with the dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence linked to Barrett's esophagus may be beneficial for early tumor detection and refined diagnosis as well as for improved prognostication. We applied immunohistochemical staining for the markers Ki-67, p53, beta-catenin and E-cadherin in order to evaluate their prognostic importance in 59 Barrett
Visits to nest holes by birds other than their owners is a familiar phenomenon for students of breeding biology. In this study, we evaluate that behavior using a transponder reading system. Eighty-five males and females were Fitted with transponders at the end of the incubation period or just after hatching. Nest boxes were fitted with transponder readers from just after hatching until all nestlin
Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common reason for outpatient antimicrobial therapy. Mixed infections pose a potential problem, since the first-line drug used for the treatment of AOM, amoxicillin, can be neutralized by ß-lactamase-producing pathogens of the upper respiratory tract. To study the effects of a 5-day course of amoxicillin on a mixed middle ear infection, rats were challenged with
A previous study reported the ability of staphylococci to bind heparin and heparin-dependent host growth factors. The present study isolated and identified heparin- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-binding surface components of S. epidermidis strain RP12 and S. haemolyticus strain SM 131. The staphylococcal heparin-binding component(s) were purified by affinity chromatography on heparin-S
In this investigation, the modulating effects of non-immune human IgG and rheumatoid factors (RFs) on antigen-antibody complexations were studied. Non-immune human IgG, as well as RF, were found to inhibit the binding of antigen to specific antibodies of both human and rabbit origin. In addition, human immunoglobulins were also able to modify the composition of preformed antigen-antibody complexes
The complement system is an important part of innate immunity providing immediate protection against pathogens without a need for previous exposure, as well as priming the adaptive immune response through opsonisation, leukocyte recruitment and enhancing humoral immune responses. Its importance is not only shown through recurring fulminant infections in individuals with complement component defici
Identifying genes that regulate polygenic diseases influenced by the environment such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), has so far proven to be difficult. By using an alternative approach, i.e., linkage analysis using relevant animal models we succeeded in finding the Ncf1 gene residing in the Pia4 quantitative trait locus to be responsible for the severity of pristane induced arthritis in rats. The i
The pK(a) of a C-13-enriched fatty acid probe, tetradecanoic acid, was investigated in a variety of sugar-derived (APG) surfactants by using C-13 NMR to monitor the chemical environment of the probe during titration with base. There was an increase of approximately 2 pK(a) units for the probe within the micellar systems compared to the value of acetic acid in water. Analysis shows that the interfa
To evaluate measurement properties of 2 brief outcome measures for carpal tunnel syndrome: the 6-item carpal tunnel symptoms scale (CTS-6) and the 2-item palmar pain scale (measuring severity of pain in the scar/palm and pain-related activity limitation). Our hypothesis was that the CTS-6 is responsive to change in symptoms after surgical treatment and the pain scale is a valid measure of surgery-
Analyse go south Swedish silver hoards according to geography, chronology and origin of the objects. Is is claimed that the silver mainly is to be seen as collections of means of payment.
The significance of lipid rafts in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signaling in macrophages was studied through isolation of them by gradient centrifugation and subsequent visualization of signal molecules using antibodies. LPS signaling is initiated by binding to Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and the co-receptor CD-14, leading to activation of downstream targets, such as MAP kinases. In this study, we sho
