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Human pancreatic islet three-dimensional chromatin architecture provides insights into the genetics of type 2 diabetes

Genetic studies promise to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes (T2D). Variants associated with T2D are often located in tissue-specific enhancer clusters or super-enhancers. So far, such domains have been defined through clustering of enhancers in linear genome maps rather than in three-dimensional (3D) space. Furthermore, their target genes are often unknown.

Assessment of cognition in ageing. Investigating internal validity, occurrence and reversion of Mild Cognitive Impairment. Data from the general population study “Good Aging in Skåne”

Bakgrund Med en snabbt växande äldre populationsgrupp kommer även andelen med kognitiva störningar, som demens, att växa. Det är således nödvändigt med forskning på kognition och åldrande. Denna avhandling, genom fyra delarbeten, redogör för testledareffekter vid kognitionsmätningar och hur yngre födelsekohorter (generationer) presterar bättre än äldre på kognitionstester. Den kommer även förklaraGiven a growing population of older adults and the common occurrence of natural as well as pathological cognitive decline, i.e. dementia, there is a need to better understand how to accurately measure and classify level of cognitive functioning. Both using multiple test administrators to collect cognitive data and what year the participant is born (birth cohort effects) can influence participants’

NCF1-339 polymorphism is associated with altered formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, high serum interferon activity and antiphospholipid syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus

Objectives: A single nucleotide polymorphism in the NCF1 gene (NCF1-339, rs201802880), encoding NADPH oxidase type II subunit NCF1/p47phox, reducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is strongly associated with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed at characterising NCF1-339 effects on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, type I interferon acti

Generalization in Legal Argumentation

When interpreting a natural language argument that generalizes over a contextually relevant category, audiences are likely to activate the category prototype and transfer its characteristics onto category instances. A generalized argument can thus appear more (respectively less) persuasive than one mentioning a specific category instance, provided the argument’s claim is more (less) warranted for

Profiling of the plasma proteome across different stages of human heart failure

Heart failure (HF) is a major public health problem characterized by inability of the heart to maintain sufficient output of blood. The systematic characterization of circulating proteins across different stages of HF may provide pathophysiological insights and identify therapeutic targets. Here we report application of aptamer-based proteomics to identify proteins associated with prospective HF i

The TCF7L2-dependent high-voltage activated calcium channel subunit α2δ-1 controls calcium signaling in rodent pancreatic beta-cells

The transcription factor TCF7L2 remains the most important diabetes gene identified to date and genetic risk carriers exhibit lower insulin secretion. We show that Tcf7l2 regulates the auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Cacna2d1 gene/α2δ-1 protein levels. Furthermore, suppression of α2δ-1 decreased voltage-gated Ca2+ currents and high glucose/depolarization-evoked Ca2+ signaling whi

Facing the unfamiliar : Nurses’ transcultural care in intensive care – A focus group study

Introduction: Western Europe today is a culturally diverse society and expected to become more so in the future. When patients from unfamiliar cultures become critically ill and require intensive care, this places considerable demands on the cultural and linguistic competencies of the intensive care staff. Existing research regarding the transcultural aspects of intensive care is scarce and, in Sw

Consumption of nuts and seeds and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Four epidemiologic studies have assessed the association between nut intake and pancreatic cancer risk with contradictory results. The present study aims to investigate the relation between nut intake (including seeds) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estim

Practical Guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease (IWGDF 2019 update)

Diabetic foot disease results in a major global burden for patients and the health care system. The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has been producing evidence-based guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease since 1999. In 2019, all IWGDF Guidelines have been updated based on systematic reviews of the literature and formulation of recommendations

Land or people? On the iatrogenesis of conflation

In a wish to abandon essentialism to contingency, this paper looks into whether the rural-urban binary could be a cultural burden so incompatible with the layered realities of advanced deprivation that instead of helping the deprived, it deprives the help of its carrying capacity. Departing from the idea that cultural mechanisms are capable of allowing for conceptual dichotomies to create oppressi

Cross-country differences in preferences for leisure

The starting point of this paper is to document considerable cross-country variation in the “labor wedge”, a common measure of labor market frictions. Its variation is theoretically isomorphic to differences in a preference-for-leisure parameter. The paper proceeds to investigate what might explain the variation. It presents three separate empirical exercises supportive of the view that, to a subs

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LAW AND LAW APPLICATION In the 3G infrastructure roll out

Large scale infrastructure developments means balancing of partly conflicting interests of economic growth, social cohesion, environmental impact etc. How this balancing is done when the project hits the local context is depending on the legislative framework, for instance through building permits environmental assessment. Still, there can be a big difference between the intentions of the law, and