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A considerable part of all chemistry in nature and in industry occurs in solvents. Sol- vents affect both the interactions and the reactions of the particles immersed in them. The work in this thesis concerns the properties of ionic and polar solvents, as well as the interactions between solutes and/or dispersed particles. Molecular simulations and simple approximate theories were used to study th
The aim of this thesis is to study the life-changing processes necessary when a person is faced with the demands caused by chronic illness or disability. As subjects for the study, women with chronic pain (fibromyalgi and myofascial pain syndrome), were chosen. Eighteen women active in working life were interviewed on two occasions, with an interval of two months. The women have been living with t
Plant phenology exerts major influences on carbon, water, and energy exchanges between atmosphere and ecosystems, provides feedbacks to climate, and affects ecosystem functioning and services. Great efforts have been spent in studying plant phenology over the past decades, but there are still large uncertainties and disputations in phenology estimation, trends, and its climate sensitivities. This
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease with a highly variable prognosis. Since new treatment strategies are emerging, there is a need for prognostic markers in order to help allocate patients to the optimal treatment. When comparison is made to the general population, there is an increased mortality rate in this study, both in the series as a whole and in the subgroups of men and
As a cancer grows it will, at a certain stage of disease progression, start spreading in the body. For several types of cancer this spreading will first occur through the lymphatic system and the first place where metastatic cell will be encountered is the first lymph node that drains the area where the tumor is located. This lymph node is defined as the sentinel lymph node (SLN). By analyzing the
This thesis deals with Lennart Hellsing's works, and especially his texts for small children, from 1945 to 2000. In an introductory survey the oral transmission of literature is discussed in relation to orality and literacy. The presupposition is that there are similarities between oral culture and texts for the very young. Hellsing's production is surveyed along with his position as a poet, his i
Short high-frequency electromagnetic pulses, also referred to as wavelets, are considered for use in various short-range impulse based ultra-wideband applications, such as communication, imaging, radar, spectroscopy, and localization. This thesis investigates field-effect and tunneling based semiconductor devices and their operation in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) impulse transceivers. The main resea
Bacterial adhesion to the bladder mucosa is a critical step for the establishment of Escherichia coli bacteriuria. The P-fimbriae, encoded by the pap gene cluster, are considered as virulence factors but the mechanisms have been debated. This study defined the roles for P fimbriation during the early colonization of the human urinary tract. Patients with recurrent UTI were first subjected to deli
Starting from Theodor Adorno´s assertion that art is negative knowledge of the real world, the book analyses Indonesian literature produced during the New Order which deal with the events of 1965-1966 and its consequences. A number of Indonesia´s best known authors have written on the subject. The central issue raised is the extent to which this literature has contributed to undermining and thereb
The aim of this dissertation is to find relationships between folk art, an artist's personal life and influential factors originating in the context. Christmas wall hangings by the peasant painter Johannes Nilsson (17571827) are the focus of the study. The fact that he had a special approach to the painting tradition raises two questions: Why did he paint the way he did? How can his hangings be i
The Rare Earth Elements are a group of metals, that are of growing technical and economical importance. Current separation techniques can be detrimental to the environment, and a clean technology for separation has been devised, based on analytical chromatography of the REEs. The thesis presents column preparation and impregnation to give desired properties of the separation system, experimental a
The formation of highly ordered mesoporous silica materials, using PEO-PPO-PEO amphiphilic triblock copolymers (so-called Pluronics) as structure directing agents, has been studied. The materials are formed through the addition of a silica source to a polymer solution of low concentration (2.5 wt ) under acidic conditions. The products have BET surface areas of approximately 800 m2/g. The unit cel
Osteotomy is used for correction of the altered load on the gonarthrotic knee joint. It can be performed above or below the knee. Clinical results depend on the correction after bone healing. By tibial closed wedge osteotomy (HTO), the deformity is corrected peroperatively in contrast to tibial hemicallotasis osteotomy (HCO) where the correction is performed after surgery. Comparing the two method
The Affects Towards And Perceptions Of The Self And Significant Others in Hemophiliacs and Diabetics The studies in this dissertation investigated the feelings towards and ways of perceiving the self and significant others in twenty-seven patients with hemophilia between the ages of 16-39 to discern how their perceptual-affect states are organized. Secondly, the relationship between bleeds and aff
This study has involved investigation of number of populations of the damselfly Ischnura elegans over several years, looking at frequency changes over time, morphological differences between the sexes and the morphs, differences in growth rate and development time, differences in fecundity between the morphs, and genetic differentiation between populations. I. elegans is a small annual damselfly w
Microbial activity in soil is generally assumed to be limited by carbon availability. The soil closest to roots, the rhizosphere, is therefore a zone of high microbial activity due to carbon containing substances released by the root. In this work short-term effects in the rhizosphere have been the subject of investigation. I have shown that the thymidine and leucine incorporation techniques are w
Molar mass and molar mass distribution of polymers are parameters of fundamental importance as they influence the performance of the polymer in applications. Polysaccharide derivatives are a class of polymers that have attracted significant scientific and commercial interest as they can be manufactured from a wide range of abundant sources in nature and thereby often are both cheap and biocompatib
Inhalation of air-borne microorganisms and components thereof can cause illnesses and diseases. However, lack of specific and sensitive methods for exposure assessment can pose problems in predicting health outcomes. Characterization of microbial load from indoor environments using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and/or tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MSMS) as well as various bioassays (
A number of homo- and heterodinuclear complexes have been synthesized as structural and functional models for the the active sites of phosphoesterases and soluble methane monooxygenases. The complexes are based on four new dinucleating ligands containing a central, potentially bridging, phenolate moiety. The hydrolytic activity of the complexes was examined by exploring the ability of the complexe
This thesis focuses on i) the effect of packing on the molecular geometry ii) packing arrangements of neutral Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes iii) the trans influence in Pt(II) complexes iv) the differences in bonding in corresponding Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes and v) the geometry of Pd(II) complexes with potential catalytic properties. Detailed three-dimensional structural information at the atomic
