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The prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing continuously worldwide. These metabolic diseases are associated with many health issues, including increased risk of depression and cognitive impairment. Whole grain (WG) has shown potential to prevent obesity, T2D and CVD. One mechanism can be related to gut fermentation of specific indigestible carboh

Popular Abstract in English This thesis concerns experiments of heat transfer in a rectangular channel with ribs and an obstacle. Liquid crystal thermography (LCT) is used to record the temperature fields in the experiments. LCT is based on measurement of the color response of a heated surface. When illuminated with a white light, the liquid crystals react to temperature changes by changing color,This thesis presents experimental investigations of local heat transfer in a rectangular channel (aspect ratio AR = 4) with continuous transverse ribs as well as an obstacle. Liquid crystal thermography (LCT) is employed to obtain the temperature fields in the heat transfer experiments. The liquid crystal applied here has a red start at 35°C and a bandwidth of 1°C. The work consists of (1) periodi

EU anses av många ha en av världens strängaste regleringar för dataskydd. Unionen och dess medlemsstater har dock, likt resten av världen, i och med den globala och tekniska utvecklingen ett intresse av att kunna överföra personuppgifter till tredjeländer. I syfte att balansera det höga integritetsskyddet mot intresset av att överföra personuppgifter till tredjeland, finns i dataskyddsförordningenThe EU is by many considered to have one of the world's strictest regulations for data protection. However, the Union and its Member States, like the rest of the world, have an interest in being able to transfer personal data to third countries due to global and technological developments. In order to balance the high level of privacy protection against the interest in transferring personal da

Background Transparency of a supply chain is the extent to which all its stakeholders have a shared understanding of, and access to, the product-related information that they request, without loss, noise, delay, and distortion. Having access to accurate and timely information is a challenging issue in global supply chains. Therefore, this research aimed at identifying barriers that could act as

WAY-FINDING AND CROWD MANAGEMENT IN SHOPPING MALL EVACUATION-A modelling case study of Emporia Mall in Malmö Evacuation time can be reduced by successful crowd management techniques and efficient evacuation strategies. It is possible to use evacuation models for analysing egress strategies and evacuation procedures in shopping malls. Becoming more and more important with the passing of time, per

Under år 2015 sökte 35 369 ensamkommande barn asyl i Sverige. Majoriteten av barnen kom från Afghanistan – ett land där det saknas ett fungerande folkbokföringssystem och där medborgarna saknar tillgång till identitetshandlingar. Frågan om den asylsökandes ålder utgör dock en del av den materiella skyddsprövningen, vilket gör att det är centralt att klargöra hur gammal den sökande är. Att majoriteIn 2015, 35 369 unaccompanied minors sought asylum in Sweden. A large amount of these children came from Afghanistan – a country that is in lack of a civil registration system and where the citizens lack access to identity documents. The issue regarding the age of the applicant forms part of the substantive examination of weather he or she is in need of protection. This entails that it is of great

Brott, bedrägerier och andra oegentligheter, vilka riktar sig mot EU:s eko-nomiska intressen skadar allvarligt EU:s budget varje år. För att garantera ett bättre skydd för EU:s finanser framlade kommissionen i juli 2013 För-slag till Rådets förordning om inrättande av Europeiska åklagarmyndighe-ten . Myndigheten ska ha en exklusiv kompetens att utreda brott mot EU:s ekonomiska intressen över hela Fraud and other offences, aimed towards the financial interestets of the union, are seriously harming the union’s budget every year. To guarantee a better protection of the unions finances, the Commission put forward Pro-posal for a Council Regulation on the establishment of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office . The Office will have an exclusive competence to in-vestigate and prosecute crimina

Popular Abstract in Swedish I århundranden har vi människor fascinerats av flyttfåglar och frågat oss vart de ska, var de kommer ifrån och hur de hittar. Idag, tack vare forskning, vet vi mer om fågelflyttning än någonsin, men det finns fortfarande mycket kvar att ta reda på. Vadare som häckar i Arktis är riktiga långflyttare med många arter som flyttar mer än 10 000 kilometer varje vår och höst oThe phenomenon of bird migration has long fascinated us humans and it has prompted questions like where do they go or come from and how do they find their way? Arctic shorebirds are well known for their spectacular long-distance migrations with some species travelling more than 10 000 km every spring and autumn, and some even cover this distance in one single nonstop flight. The aim of my thesis w

This thesis investigates the role of migration in international trade within the framework of behind-the-border trade barriers and firm behavior. In addition to the introduction, which provides a context to the analysis, it consists of four essays. The first essay, titled ‘Migration as Trade Facilitation? Investigating the Links Between International Trade and Migration,’ examines the cross-countr

Popular Abstract in Swedish Människan har märkbart ändrat Jordens ekosystem och dess funktioner. Genom avskogning och konvertering av naturliga ekosystem till åkrar och betesmarker så har människor skapat helt nya typer av ekosystem. Cirka en tredjedel av den koldioxid (CO2) som människor har släppt ut i atmosfären, kommer från dessa aktiviteter, resten beror till största delen på utsläpp från förThrough deforestation and conversion of natural ecosystems to croplands and pastures, have humans released vast amounts of carbon (C) dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Roughly one third of the cumulative anthropogenic emissions until today stem from these practices, the remainder being mostly due to fossil fuel combustion. The extra CO2 has caused an increase in global air temperature, and both t

The aim of this paper is to highlight a not yet recognized hazard for mass failure (landslides) of contaminated soils into rivers and to provide an understanding of important interactions of such events. A first effort to investigate the problem is made focusing on the south eastern part of the Gota A"lv river valley, in Sweden, by combining geographical information on potentially contaminated sit

Background and aims: Obesity is on the rise globally, and is a leading risk factor for T2D. However, it is very heterogeneous, with varying degrees of T2D risk within the same levels of BMI. Better classification may lead to improve outcomes of current preventive and therapeutic strategies. Moreover, by elucidating the mechanisms uncoupling obesity from T2D risk, new possible therapeutic targets m

Hur man beskriver och eftersträvar välbefinnande är viktigt, eftersom det påverkar både forskning och samhället i stort. Denna avhandling handlar om hur välbefinnande definieras och mäts, vilket både innefattar en kritisk diskussion kring befintliga teorier om välbefinnande samt en utveckling av empiriska metoder och statistiska verktyg för att öka vår förståelse gällande hur personer uppfattar ocHow to define and measure individuals’ well-being is important, as this has an impact on both research and society at large. This thesis concerns how to define and measure the self-reported well-being of individuals, which involves both theorizing as well as developing and applying empirical and statistical methods in order to gain a better understanding of well-being.The first paper critically re

Purpose of the studyIn this paper, we discuss the unexploited possibilities of user-orientation to promote sustainable governance and management of value co-creation in innovation projects within welfare service ecosystem. The paper’s theoretical framework takes the outset in public service logic (PSL) and its user-oriented perspective. As such, we test the thesis that service-innovation seriously

Background: In order to decouple from carbon dioxide, alternative, renewable energy sources need to replace traditional fossil fuels. The fastest growing renewable technology has for the past years been solar, more specifically in the form of photovoltaics (PV). With the support of policy schemes, solar systems are being installed on rooftops of private houses and corporations - and are incre

Background & purpose Emulsions are droplets of one immiscible fluid that is encircled by another immiscible fluid, the formation of an emulsion requires energy applied to a certain volume, two immiscible fluids and an emulsifying agent. The excess of energy comes from high shear forces from the mixing blades which rotate at high speed. It is desired to know what fluid dynamics, in terms turbul

Principen om barnets bästa framhålls i både svensk nationell rätt och i internationella konventioner. Barnets bästa ska vara vägledande i alla beslut som rör barnet, så som barnets boende, umgänge och vårdnad. Vad som är barnets bästa är inte lagstadgat, rangordnat eller uttömt i varken svensk nationell rätt eller i internationell rätt utan barnets bästa anses skilja sig beroende på tid och plats,The principle of “the best interests of the child” is emphasized in both Swedish national law and international conventions, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the European Convention on Human Rights. The principle shall to be used as guidance in all decisions relating to a child and can involve determination regarding the child's residence, visitation regulation or cu

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda medlemsstaternas handlingsutrymme att ställa sociala krav i offentlig upphandling ur ett inremarknadsperspektiv. Uppsatsen syftar särskilt till att utreda handlingsutrymmet vid utstationeringssituationer. Med sociala krav avses i uppsatsen främst sådana villkor som ska uppfyllas vid kontraktets fullgörande. Relevanta rättskällor är främst de primärrättsliga bestäThis paper aims to assess the scope of discretion of the Member States to include social considerations in EU public procurement law. Furthermore, the aim is to assess the discretion when the public contract may be carried out by posted workers. In this paper, social considerations will mainly refer to those concerning the performance stage, where contractors may be obliged to follow certain socia

Present power system will face great challenges in several areas depending on the market economy, extensive global integration and constant need for more electric power, which will force the system to operate much closer to its stability limits. Meeting these challenges may involve improving and complementing or even total restructuring of the power systems.New technologies are emerging such as re

Popular Abstract in English Universal Burdens There are Zen students who are in chains when they go to a teacher, and the teacher adds another chain. The students are delighted, unable to discern one thing from another. This is called 'a guest looking at a guest.' -Linji What do Zen master Linji, Muslim scholar ‘Abbād ibn Sulaymān, and Comanche thinker Parra-Wa-Samen have in common? Among manyZen Buddhists have long given the following advice to attain liberation: “Eat when you’re hungry. Sleep when you’re tired.” In other words: “Freedom” is the “knowledge of necessity” (Hegel, Marx, and Engels). Early Islamic communities dealt with the challenge of internal warfare and tyranny and concluded that, “sixty years of tyranny is better than one day’s anarchy.” In other words, the worst-cas