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Noninvasive optical imaging through dynamic scattering media has numerous important biomedical applications but still remains a challenging task. While standard diffuse imaging methods measure optical absorption or fluorescent emission, it is also well-established that the temporal correlation of scattered coherent light diffuses through tissue much like optical intensity. Few works to date, howev
The value problem for knowledge is the problem of explaining why knowledge is more valuable than mere true belief. The problem arises for reliabilism in particular, i.e., the externalist view that knowledge amounts to reliably acquired true belief. Goldman and Olsson argue that knowledge, in this sense, is more valuable than mere true belief due to the higher likelihood of future true beliefs (pro
A wide range of literatures have identified the capitalist organisation of societies, and the capitalist growth imperative central to this organisation, as the root cause of the catastrophic climate and biodiversity crises. Highlighting the need to break with this imperative, a growing community of scholars generally viewed as anti- and postcapitalist, there is no consensus on how precisely to con
The extraction of spectral information in the inversion process of time-domain (TD) induced polarization (IP) data is changing the use of the TDIP method. Data interpretation is evolving from a qualitative description of the subsurface, able only to discriminate the presence of contrasts in chargeability parameters, towards a quantitative analysis of the investigated media, which allows for detail
Induced Cell Aging by Radiation Aging is a natural phenomenon that affects almost all living organisms and brings with it an array of disease. In humans, aging is in part due to shortening of one’s telomeres. Telomeres are sequences of DNA at the end of our chromosomes that do not code for any genetic information. Thus, they can serve as protection, non-coding DNA taking damage that would otherwi
There are great challenges we have to face in the environmental and climate field, especially when greenhouse gas emissions are changing the conditions for human life and impacting biodiversity. The main reason resulting in climate change is greenhouse gas emissions during production and consumption of goods and services. The Green Public Procurement (hereafter GPP) acts as a powerful tool to reac
Teachers in Sweden are instructed not just to teach their subject but also fundamental values. However, educators are given no guidelines as to how to do this. It therefore becomes relevant to research how language teachers can use literary works in school to ensure that students acquire knowledge about themes found in the curriculum, thus combining an important part from the subject’s contents wi
Både i Sverige och utomlands finns det ett behov av tvistlösning som alternativ till domstolsprövning. I Sverige har sedan 1917 Stockholms Handelskammares Skiljedomsinstitut fungerat som institut för alternativ tvistlösning genom skiljeförfarande och en gångbar lagstiftning på området har i Sverige funnits sedan 1929. Skiljeförfarandet som tvistlösningssätt präglas av fyra essentiella hörnstenar -In Sweden as well as in other countries, there is a need for alternative dispute resolution as supposed to dispute resolution through a court of law. The Stockholm Chamber of Commerce has functioned as an institute for alternative dispute resolution by arbitration since 1917, whereas passable regulations on arbitration have been in force since 1929. The arbitration as a method of dispute resolutio
Many companies today have a security system containing of devices such as cameras and other devices with some trigger functionality built in. It’s essential to be able to control all existing triggers in a security system for it to work flawlessly. As the number of triggers increases, the security system in question becomes more complicated to configure. Therefore, making configuration from an eas
Idag ökar medellivslängden tack vare olika tekniska och medicinska framsteg. Globaliseringen fortsätter och det gränsöverskridande utbytet av varor, tjänster, arbetstagare och kapital ökar. I takt med att människan lever längre blir frågan om pensionssparande allt viktigare. I en internationell kontext är det angeläget för den enskilde att förstå hur beskattning av pensionsförsäkringar fungerar. Today, life expectancy increases thanks to various technological and medical advances. Globalization continues, and the cross-border exchange of goods, services, workers and capital is increasing. As we live longer, the question of pension savings becomes increasingly important. For anyone engaged in a cross-border situation, it is important to understand how taxation of pension insurance works.
This study is based mainly on assessing damage done to asphalt by trucks within the load bearing class 4 (BK4). BK4 is a new vehicle rating class for heavy duty vehicles, which refers to an increase of the maximum permissible gross weight to 74 tonnes (for the current 64 tonnes, BK1) for trucks, and which the government has completed implementing the summer of 2018. Since there is still doubt as t
Nowadays, many industries are investing a lot of resources in the development of new technologies that interpret hand gestures and use them as a communication interface between the user and the system. However, the surveillance industries have remained on the sidelines of this technological development. Instead, the joystick and the mouse are the most common devices found in control rooms. Using t
Unga lagöverträdare har sedan länge särbehandlats i det svenska påföljdssystemet. Den som begår brott innan 21 års ålder särbehandlas idag både beträffande straffmätningen och påföljdsvalet. Bland annat får den unge lagöverträdaren sitt straff reducerat genom den så kallade straffrabatten. I december 2018 utkom ungdomsreduktionsutredningen med ett förslag om slopad straffrabatt för unga lagöverträYoung offenders have long been treated differently than adult offenders in the Swedish penal system. Anyone who commits crimes before the age of 21 is today treated differently both in terms of the sentencing measure and the choice of penalty. Among other things, the young offenders gets their sentence reduced by the so-called “penalty discount”. In December of 2018 a government department issued
In the ever evolving and ambiguous environment of VAT treatment of sales of shares, the underlying purpose test has arisen as a new form of controversy. While it seems to be a viable method for establishing in specific circumstances a strong enough direct and immediate link to guarantee deduction also for costs incurred in relation to an exempt or out-of-scope share disposal, the test’s nature and
This is the manual and user guide for the Rivet system for the validation and tuning of Monte Carlo event generators. As well as the core Rivet library, this manual describes the usage of the rivet program and the AGILe generator interface library. The depth and level of description is chosen for users of the system, starting with the basics of using validation code written by others, and then cov
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kemiska ämnen finns överallt i vårat samhälle och behövs för att vi ska kunna leva som vi gör. Produktionen av kemiska ämnen använder kemiska processer som ofta är dyra och förbättringar av driftsätt kan spara mycket pengar. För att förbättra en process krävs att experiment utförs som oftast är väldigt kostsamma och tidskrävande. Ett sätt för att minska antalet experime
Popular Abstract in Swedish Nu levande fåglar delas traditionellt in i två grupper. Den ena gruppen är Palaeognathae och omfattar ratiter (struts, nandu etc.) och stubbstjärthöns. Den andra gruppen, Neognathae, representerar alla övriga fåglar, drygt 20 ordningar med över 9.000 arter. Grunden för denna uppdelning utgörs i första hand av morfologiska studier av fåglarnas gommar. Man har ansett att The Class Aves (birds) is generally divided into two main groups - the Palaeognathae and the Neognathae. Paleognathous birds are the flightless ratites and the tinamous, while Neognathae include all other extant birds (more than 9,000 species). This opinion has prevailed for more than a century and is primarily based on morphological studies of the avian bony palate. In this study, the relationsh
The purpose of this graduate thesis is to examine how the best interests of the child principle has evolved in the history of the Swedish institution of adoption, how the best interests of the child shall be provided for with reference to international adoption that takes place today and finally if the best interests of the child principle requires to be clarified in the Swedish legislation. A com
Finding work for people with severe physical disabilities is not easy. This master thesis aims to investigate the possibility of creating new job opportunities for these people, using speech recognition. One possibility is to construct an application where a person works in a callcentre by using his/her voice. To test the idea a co-operation with the callcentre at Trygg Hansa in Malmö was initiate
