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Ett patent är en immateriell rättighet som medför en ensamrätt för patenthavaren att dra affärsmässig nytta av en viss uppfinning under en begränsad tidsperiod. Den som kränker patenthavarens ensamrätt gör sig skyldig till patentintrång. Vid patentintrång tillhandahåller den svenska patentlagen (1967:837) ett antal olika sanktionsmöjligheter. De primära civilrättsliga sanktionsformerna utgörs av pA patent is a kind of intellectual property right that grants the patent holder an exclusive right to profit from a certain invention for a limited time period. Anyone who violates the patent holder's exclusive right is guilty of patent infringement. In cases of patent infringement the Swedish Patent Act (patentlag 1967: 837) provides a number of different sanction options. The primary civil s

In response to the financial crisis in Europe the European Commission developed a new legal framework with Article 107 (b) TFEU (Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union) as its legal basis. This new legal framework consisted of the 2008 Banking Communication, the Recapitalization Communication, the Impaired Assets Communication, the Restructuring Communication and the 2013 Banking Communi

How do museums reflect a pluralistic society? Since a few decades back in time, diversity is an established concept in Swedish cultural policy. One assumption is that museums could be places that reflect the diversity of cultural expressions in society and also counteract xenophobia and distances between people. Previous strategies to include diversity in museums have been marked by documentation

Intresset för min studie grundas i dagens teknik och digitalisering av musik, vilket innebär att delar av musikutbudet är väldigt lättillgänglig. Syftet med undersökningen är att få ta del av högstadieelevers musikvanor, analysera och sedan diskutera kring ämnet om dagens teknik kan styra deras lyssnande på musik. En enkätundersökning där informanterna fått besvara frågor under tre dagars tid har

Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur fyra jazzsaxofonister övar utan sitt instrument. Studiens fokus är den typ av övning utan instrument som kan relateras till begrepp som mental övning och visualisering. För att se hur informanterna övar utan saxofonen måste denna typ av övning relateras till deras övning med saxofonen, därav studiens titel och forskningsområde. Fyra professionella jaThe purpose of this study is to investigate how four jazz saxophonists practice without their instruments. The focus of the study is the type of exercise without the instrument that can be related to concepts like mental practice and visualization. To see how they practice without the saxophone this type of exercise must be related to their practice with the saxophone, hence the title and research

Background The COVID 19 pandemic has subjected a lot of countries to economic and social turmoil. This has contributed to socio economic as well as psychological challenges undermining the economies of many countries. Immunization is the key in this crucial phase of pandemic that can save a lot of precious lives. But imminent challenges in immunization supply chain of world countries to the native

Stratagems adopted by democratic leaders to try to insinuate, or anchor, a preferred course of action into the larger collective will have a variety of repercussions. Beyond the apparent success of the venture itself, the long-term integrity of the democratic fabric may be at stake if simmering rancour and discontent is left unheeded. These questions would seem particularly pertinent when studyi

Popular Abstract in SwedishKränkningsersättning förutsätter enligt lagtexten en ”skada” men det är inte en fysisk eller medicinskt påvisbar personskada som avses, snarare är det den personliga integritetskränkning som brottsliga angrepp kan medföra. Ersättningen är tänkt att ge kompensation för den kränkning som brottet medfört så att brottsoffret får upprättelse. Men är det möjligt att ersätta enThe thesis takes its starting point in the question of how damages for violation of crime is determined. This type of non-pecuniary damages to crime victims has a fundamental uncertainty regarding the computation of damages and what is really meant by “violation” in the meaning of the law. There is also a gliding between the violation and the suffering, as to which the compensation is related. The

Popular Abstract in Swedish Traditionellt har effekten av behandling inom kärlkirurgi främst utvärderats med objektiva mått, som till exempel beräkning av ankelindex och gångsträcka. Dessa data ger värdefull information men de återger inte hur patientens klarar sitt dagliga liv eller hur behandling återverkar på deras livskvalitet. Detta styrks i tidigare forskning som visar att korrelationen mellThe aim of this thesis was to assess quality of life in patients with varying degrees of lower limb ischaemia before and after revascularisation, to assess quality of life in relation to the degree of ischaemia and the respondents’ sense of coherence (SOC) and in comparison with a healthy control group, and to compare two different quality of life instruments regarding their usefulness as outcome

The purpose of this paper is to show how eye-tracking methodology can be used to study ‘inner space’; both from a theoretical point of view – the existence (or not) of internal image representations – as well as from an applied point of view – the usage of mental imagery in thinking and reasoning. First, we introduce the reader to the mental imagery debate. Second, we summarize studies on mental i

This paper questions the correspondance between resilience engineering theory and the theoretical fundaments of traditional CRM training, with its related behavior assessments. Reviewing the theoretical roots of CRM it is concluded that such concepts are rather founded in the information processing paradigm hiding the complexities of adaption to rapidly changing situations. An alternative approach

The political objectives on national and international levels towards a larger proportion of renewable energy require considerable planning activities on a local level. These activities inevitably must relate to the local community and its various groups; their culture, economy, social activities as well as their views on environmental problems and nature values. This applies to all energy plants.

The body of international environmental law consists of framework agreements with vague norms that cannot be used in an operative manner. At the same time, sustainable development law promotes an integrated approach to social, economic and environmental issues, including other actors than states, which involves an increased pressure on private actors to take part in the efforts to protect the envi

Lagen (2002:599) om grupprättegång (GrL) trädde i kraft i januari 2003. Grupptalanförfarandet är intressant ur ett rättsvetenskapligt perspektiv eftersom taleformen skiljer sig mycket åt från den traditionella civilrättsliga tvåpartsprocessen i svensk rätt. Dess tillkomst är en reaktion på ändrade samhällsförhållanden och ett nytt affärsklimat som har bidragit till nya rättsliga problem. Det uppstIn January 2003, the Swedish Act (2002:599) on Group Litigations (GrL) came into force. It stipulated a possibility to initiate a Class Action in Swedish Courts. The Class Action as a litigation form is very different from the traditional civil proceedings in Swedish law. It is a reaction to changing social conditions and a new business climate that has contributed to new legal issues. During the

This work presents ideas to underpin efforts to leverage the production of large volumes of agro-biomass and biofuels from transition economies in transition (EiTs) in Central and Eastern Europe with a key focus being co-benefits offered by agro-biofuel production. It departs in recognition of significant institutional barriers to establishment of dedicated plantings; the need for bioenergy within

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med avhandlingen var att utveckla en modell för ledarskap som påverkar målorienterad social kreativitet i organisationer. Modellen, på engelska benämnd Generative learning management, har två dimensioner: målstyrning genom tilldelning och decentralisering av beslutsrätten över strategiutveckling för att nå målen i analogi med parallell distribution. I rent praktiA main purpose of this thesis was to develop a model of leadership style named Generative Learning Management (GLM), thought to influence goal-oriented interpersonal creativity in organizations, and to test this model. Creativity is a complex consisting of both novelty and usefulness and it is a general mental ability that is determined by the interplay between different regions in a normally func

This paper describes a case of collaboration between academia and business firms in supporting innovation processes based on the CILO method, named after the CILO project (communication in learning organizations). The CILO method is an example of firm-supportive research approach. We describe the outcomes related to enhancing enterprise performance from applying the CILO-method in relation to one

The traditional restrictive attitude towards claim for compensation about non-pecuniary harms in both cause law and legislation become weaker even if the theoretically and practically reason behind the old exception-construction remain. This reason can best be explained by the thesis about incommensurability when it comes to compensate for some losses that money cannot compensate. To explain why t

Although it is generally anticipated that innovation as such leads to regional prosperity (Asheim et al. 2011) there is lack of empirical evidence that confirms the direct linkage between the innovation capabilities of regions and welfare increase. It is suggested that entrepreneurship can be seen as a missing link that helps to transfer innovations into business outcomes (Braun et al. 2012). The