In 1990 Venezuela started its Program for the Promotion of Researchers (PPI), in order to foster research in science and technology A partial evaluation of the effects of the program on scientific and technological activities can be carried out using data from the System for :the Promotion of Researchers Foundation Fund (SPI). A complete and definitive evaluation is not possible, due to the fact t

Parallel trade in goods is generally viewed as a positive phenomenon within the EU as a consequence of the principle free movement of goods: When traders buy goods in one part of the common market at a low price and transfer it to a higher priced area, allowing them to undercut those prices, then this will enhance competition, drive down prices and give consumers more choice- an overall positive e

The body of international environmental law consists of framework agreements with vague norms that cannot be used in an operative manner. At the same time, sustainable development law promotes an integrated approach to social, economic and environmental issues, including other actors than states, which involves an increased pressure on private actors to take part in the efforts to protect the envi

Background The COVID 19 pandemic has subjected a lot of countries to economic and social turmoil. This has contributed to socio economic as well as psychological challenges undermining the economies of many countries. Immunization is the key in this crucial phase of pandemic that can save a lot of precious lives. But imminent challenges in immunization supply chain of world countries to the native

Exploring the sex and gender differences in the human brain Sex and gender differences in human brain are both of scientific and societal interest, and impact a wide range of physiological processes, including brain development, behaviour, and disease risk. Currently, sex is defined as biological attributes due to the presence in the person’s genome of XX or XY chromosomes, while the gender ident

Den ekonomiska brottsligheten har fått en allt mer markant roll i dagens rättssamhälle. Brottslighet som förövas inom bolag blir allt mer av ett samhällsproblem, inte minst när det gäller brottslighet i organiserad form. Av allt större vikt blir då hur man ställer de personer som begår brott inom ett bolag till ansvar för sina gärningar. Utifrån detta syfte har principen om företagaransvar tillkEconomic crime has played an increasingly significant role in our modern society. Crime perpetrated within companies are becoming more of a social problem, not least when it comes to organized crime. It has become of greater importance, how to hold the persons who commit crimes within a company accountable for their deeds. Based on this purpose, certain principles for criminal responsibility with

Ett patent är en immateriell rättighet som medför en ensamrätt för patenthavaren att dra affärsmässig nytta av en viss uppfinning under en begränsad tidsperiod. Den som kränker patenthavarens ensamrätt gör sig skyldig till patentintrång. Vid patentintrång tillhandahåller den svenska patentlagen (1967:837) ett antal olika sanktionsmöjligheter. De primära civilrättsliga sanktionsformerna utgörs av pA patent is a kind of intellectual property right that grants the patent holder an exclusive right to profit from a certain invention for a limited time period. Anyone who violates the patent holder's exclusive right is guilty of patent infringement. In cases of patent infringement the Swedish Patent Act (patentlag 1967: 837) provides a number of different sanction options. The primary civil s

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka tolkningen av art. 6.3-4 habitatdirektivet. Syftet är även att ge synpunkter i frågan om tolkningen följs i svensk rättstillämpning. Direktivets syfte är att bidra till att säkerställa den biologiska mångfalden genom bevarande av livsmiljöer samt vilda djur och växter på medlemsstaternas europeiska territorium som omfattas av fördraget (art. 2.1 habitatdirThe aim of this essay is to examine the interpretation of art. 6.3-4 of the Habitats Directive. It is also to comment on whether Swedish case law is consistent with this interpretation. The aim of the Directive is to contribute towards ensuring bio-diversity through the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora in the European territory of the Member States to which the Treaty a

Den tekniska utvecklingen på betalningsmarknaden har resulterat i att bedragare använder alltmer sofistikerade metoder för att lura sina offer på pengar. I Sverige har särskilt bankbedrägerier genom social manipulation ökat de senaste åren. Enligt 5a kap. 1 § betaltjänstlagen bär banken som huvudregel det ekonomiska ansvaret för obehöriga transaktioner. För att bestämmelsen ska vara tillämplig krä

Popular Abstract in SwedishKränkningsersättning förutsätter enligt lagtexten en ”skada” men det är inte en fysisk eller medicinskt påvisbar personskada som avses, snarare är det den personliga integritetskränkning som brottsliga angrepp kan medföra. Ersättningen är tänkt att ge kompensation för den kränkning som brottet medfört så att brottsoffret får upprättelse. Men är det möjligt att ersätta enThe thesis takes its starting point in the question of how damages for violation of crime is determined. This type of non-pecuniary damages to crime victims has a fundamental uncertainty regarding the computation of damages and what is really meant by “violation” in the meaning of the law. There is also a gliding between the violation and the suffering, as to which the compensation is related. The

Popular Abstract in Swedish Med ett historiskt perspektiv analyserar denna avhandling erfarenheter och identitetsskapande processer hos en grupp kvinnliga arbetare, cashewarbeterskor, i den sydindiska delstaten Kerala-välkänd för dess radikala befolkning och höga sociala indikatorer för invånarna. Cashewarbeterskorna utmanar den stereotypa bilden av kvinnor i ?Tredje Världen?, genom att de sedan 1Since the 1930s female cashew workers have constituted a majority of the registered workers in the South Indian State of Kerala and today number some 200,000. This group challenged the stereotypical view of Third World women because they were organized into unions, worked in the formal sector, and were literate. The background for this thesis has been the ?Kerala Model?, i.e., the political contex

Stratagems adopted by democratic leaders to try to insinuate, or anchor, a preferred course of action into the larger collective will have a variety of repercussions. Beyond the apparent success of the venture itself, the long-term integrity of the democratic fabric may be at stake if simmering rancour and discontent is left unheeded. These questions would seem particularly pertinent when studyi

Lagen (2002:599) om grupprättegång (GrL) trädde i kraft i januari 2003. Grupptalanförfarandet är intressant ur ett rättsvetenskapligt perspektiv eftersom taleformen skiljer sig mycket åt från den traditionella civilrättsliga tvåpartsprocessen i svensk rätt. Dess tillkomst är en reaktion på ändrade samhällsförhållanden och ett nytt affärsklimat som har bidragit till nya rättsliga problem. Det uppstIn January 2003, the Swedish Act (2002:599) on Group Litigations (GrL) came into force. It stipulated a possibility to initiate a Class Action in Swedish Courts. The Class Action as a litigation form is very different from the traditional civil proceedings in Swedish law. It is a reaction to changing social conditions and a new business climate that has contributed to new legal issues. During the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Synd och skam. Ogifta mödrar på svensk landsbygd, 1680-1880. Avhandlingens utgångspunkt har varit ogifta mödrar på svensk landsbygd i ett långtidsperspektiv, 1680-1880. Arbetet är kvinnohistoriskt och utgår från en önskan att synliggöra betydelsen av kön i det äldre samhället. Hur tänkte och resonerade man kring kön och sexualitet i det förindustriella bondesamhället? The situation of unmarried mothers in Swedish rural society during 1680–1880 is the subject of this thesis. It focuses on the judicial and religious discourse concerning extra-marital sexuality. The state felt duty-bound to control extra-marital sexuality, and this resulted in a dynamic legislative arena. An important objective has been to study the local consequences of legislative changes and ex

Popular Abstract in Swedish I många utvecklingsländer i tropiska klimat leder den snabba urbaniseringen till många problem, bl a försämrad termisk komfort i utemiljön. Detta har negativa följder för människors hälsa och välbefinnande och påverkar sociala och kommersiella aktiviteter utomhus negativt. Följaktligen är det mycket viktigt att åstadkomma komfortabla mikroklimat i urban miljö. Den huvuIn many developing tropical countries, rapid urban growth leads to several problems, including increased thermal stress. This has negative consequences for people's health and well-being, and affects social and commercial outdoor activities negatively. Consequently, the creation of thermally comfortable microclimates in urban environments is highly important. The main aim of this thesis is to dee

The political objectives on national and international levels towards a larger proportion of renewable energy require considerable planning activities on a local level. These activities inevitably must relate to the local community and its various groups; their culture, economy, social activities as well as their views on environmental problems and nature values. This applies to all energy plants.

Popular Abstract in Swedish I mitt arbete som neuropsykolog vid minnesmottagningen på psykogeriatriska kli¬niken (numera VO kognitiv medicin) vid Universitetssjukhuset i Lund har jag träffat många patienter som beskrivit besvärande minnessvårigheter i sin vardag. Patienterna berättade om svårigheter att lära sig nya rutiner på arbetet, att komma ihåg namn eller var de hade lagt sina saker. Många aThe overall aim of this thesis was to enhance the understanding of patients with subjective memory complaints. The thesis is based on three empirical studies examining middle-aged and young old (< 70 years) non-demented patients assessed at a memory clinic. In the first study the personality characteristics of the patients were compared with a Swedish normative sample. The patients scored higher o

The traditional restrictive attitude towards claim for compensation about non-pecuniary harms in both cause law and legislation become weaker even if the theoretically and practically reason behind the old exception-construction remain. This reason can best be explained by the thesis about incommensurability when it comes to compensate for some losses that money cannot compensate. To explain why t

Popular Abstract in Swedish Traditionellt har effekten av behandling inom kärlkirurgi främst utvärderats med objektiva mått, som till exempel beräkning av ankelindex och gångsträcka. Dessa data ger värdefull information men de återger inte hur patientens klarar sitt dagliga liv eller hur behandling återverkar på deras livskvalitet. Detta styrks i tidigare forskning som visar att korrelationen mellThe aim of this thesis was to assess quality of life in patients with varying degrees of lower limb ischaemia before and after revascularisation, to assess quality of life in relation to the degree of ischaemia and the respondents’ sense of coherence (SOC) and in comparison with a healthy control group, and to compare two different quality of life instruments regarding their usefulness as outcome

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https://www.lth.se/english/about-lth/management-and-organisation/deans-blog/ - 2025-08-30