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BACKGROUND: There are few reports describing the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Somalia. Over the years 2002 to 2005, a yearly average of 140 patients were reported from the Huddur centre in Bakool region, whereas in 2006, this number rose to 1002 patients. Given the limited amount of information on VL and the opportunity to compare features with the studies done in 2000 in this pa

Background: Malignant melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer with a variable clinical course even in patients with thin melanomas and localized disease. Despite increasing insights into melanoma biology, no prognostic biomarkers have yet been incorporated into clinical protocols. Reduced expression of the RNA binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) has been shown to correlate with tumour progressi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Stroke är en ledande orsak till dödlighet och handikapp i hela världen. Stroke leder till förlust av nervceller och även andra celler i hjärnan på grund av bristande blodtillförsel. För tillfället finns väldigt få möjligheter att behandla funktionshinder relaterade till stroke. Det har visats att stroke leder till ökad neurogenes, nybildning av nervceller i hjärnan. DenStroke is a major cause of death and disability around the world. Stroke leads to loss of neurons and also other cells in the brain due to lack of blood supply. Currently no therapies are available to treat stroke-related disability. It has been shown that stroke leads to increased neurogenesis, birth of new neurons, within the brain. This increased neurogenesis is not sufficient to restore lost f

Popular Abstract in Swedish Invasiv candidiasis är en allvarlig jästsvampinfektion hos redan svårt sjuka patienter och denna infektion har ökat under de senaste årtiondena. Blododling, som ärreferensdiagnostisk metod för denna infektion, har relativt låg känslighet liksom detektion av Candidaspecifika antikroppar och antigener. Utvecklingen av PCR baserade diagnostik går långsamt och det saknas stInvasive candidiasis (IC) is a serious condition and timely diagnosis with early initiation of antifungal therapy is imerative for improving outcomes. Arabinitol is a sugar alcohol with two stereoisomers, D-arabinitol (DA) and L-arabintiol (LA). Several pathogenic Candida species produce DA in vitro and high DA levels have been detected in serum and urine in patients with IC. Renal dysfunction aff

Popular Abstract in Swedish Resenärsinformation utformad för att uppfylla behov och förväntningar hos enskilda resenärer är viktigt för att förbättra resandet i kollektivtrafiken bland äldre personer och personer med funktionsnedsättningar. Det övergripande syftet med den här avhandlingen är att bidra till kunskapen om behov och användning av resenärsinformation bland äldre personer och personer mTraveller information designed to fulfil needs and expectations of individual travellers is a key factor in improving access for older people and people with disabilities to public transport. The overall aim of this thesis is to contribute to the knowledge of user and provider perspectives on the provision of traveller information for older people and people with disabilities in public transport w

Purpose: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 6q25, which incorporates the oestrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1), as a quantitative trait locus for areal bone mineral density (BMDa) of the hip and lumbar spine. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of this locus on other bone health outcomes; calcaneal ultrasound (QUS) parameters, radial peripheral quantitative comp

The overall aim of this research was to investigate the safety of oral care in terms of intracranial dynamics and changes in oral health during intubation and 48 hours after extubation among neuroscience intensive care unit (NICU) patients. Additional aims included comparison of a comprehensive oral care protocol (i.e., tongue scraping, electric toothbrush, non-foaming toothpaste, and application

A concern that arises with any change in design or operative technique is whether it affects the long-term implant stability or not. One way to address this is, by measuring early micromotion, to predict the future revision rate. This study was set to evaluate the early migration and the functional outcome of the Triathlon™ total knee arthroplasty system in different subsets of design. In addition

The Swedish Arctic Ocean-96 expedition arranged by the Swedish Polar Research Committee took place during 1996 with the Swedish icebreaker M/S Oden. The expedition focused on studying the distribution of radionuclides in different water masses in the central Arctic Ocean. The expedition crossed the Barents Sea, entered the Nansen Basin at the St. Anna Trough, and continued north across the Amundse

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hemofili A är en form av blödarsjuka som beror på en medfödd defekt av äggviteämnet faktor VIII (FVIII). FVIII spelar en viktig roll för att kroppens blodlevringsförmåga (s.k. koagulation) ska fungera optimalt och med nedsatt funktion hos FVIII riskerar man att drabbas av allvarliga blödningar i framför allt leder, men även i muskler, slemhinnor (t.ex. näsblödning) och Haemophilia A (HA) is caused by defective synthesis of coagulation factor VIII(FVIII), which has serious effects on haemostasis; joints being the most common site of bleeding. The development of FVIII replacements has improved the situation for patients with haemophilia such that chronic arthropathy can be prevented, and life expectancy and the quality of life have increased. However, approximatel

Background: The widening socioeconomic gap in smoking during pregnancy remains a challenge to the Swedish antenatal care services. However, the influence of cultural factors in explaining the socioeconomic differences in smoking during pregnancy is not clear among the immigrant women. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the development of smoking prevalence among pregnant immigrant wo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Kardiovaskulär sjukdom (CVD) är ett i vårt samhälle växande problem där allt fler insjuknar i akuta hjärtinfarkter, stroke eller hjärtsvikt. Överlevnaden efter insjuknandet har förbättrats med åren med hjälp av nya mediciner och invasiva ingrepp såsom stentning av kranskärlen vid svår kärlkramp och direkt i det akuta skedet vid vissa tThis thesis examines the relationship between measures of renal function and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with hypertension (the NORDIL study) and in the healthy population (Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, MDC) and whether antihypertensive treatment response and the risk of CVD is affected by genetic variation of a regulator of the renal amiloroide sensitive sodium channel (NORDIL). In st

Popular Abstract in Swedish I avhandlingen presenteras resultaten från studier av EGF-moduler från blodkoagulationsproteiner. Dessa studier har utförts med högupplösande kärnmagnetisk resonansspektroskopi. Resultaten av studierna återges i denna populärvetenskapliga sammanfattning. Som bakgrund ges inledningsvis en introduktion till den grundläggande biologin och den teknik som använts i studiernaModules are independently folding protein domains defined on the gene level. The epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) modules are involved in protein-protein interactions and are found in numerous membrane proteins and extracellular proteins, including many proteins of the blood coagulation system. A subset of the EGF modules binds one Ca²⁺ with an affinity that is often influenced by the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligast förekommande cancerformen hos kvinnor. Under sin livstid kommer tio procent av den kvinnliga befolkningen att få bröstcancer men endast en minoritet kommer att avlida av den. Operation är den vanligaste behandlingen och kombineras oftast med strålbehandling. Armlymfödem samt nedsatt axelrörlighet och muskelstyrka är välkända sidoeffekter tilTen percent of the female population in Sweden will be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetime, but only a minority will die from the disease. Arm lymph oedema is a well-known complication following breast cancer treatment and the incidence varies between about 10% when axillary node dissection is performed and about 40% when axillary radiotherapy is added. The general aim of this thes

A systematic review of radiation therapy trials in several turnout types was performed by The Swedish Council of Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU). The procedures for evaluation of the scientific literature are described separately (Acta Oncol 2003; 42: 357-365). This synthesis of the literature on radiation therapy for head and neck cancer is based on data from 39 randomized trials and I

1 We examined non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) stimulation for its stabilizing effect on bronchial smooth-muscle tone with respect to its regulatory power and the effect of variations in neural impulse frequency. 2 The guinea-pig isolated main bronchus (n = 4-12) was pretreated with indomethacin (1O JAM) and incubated with atropine (1 pM) and guanethidine (10 JM). Electrical field stimulatio

Popular Abstract in Swedish Föreliggande avhandling är en fallstudie vars empiriska material utgörs av kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, deltagande observationer och textdokument. Avhandlingen uppmärksammar ett händelseförlopp på en nystartad svensk gymnasieskola. Förloppet inleds med kommunens och rektorns stora visioner för verksamheten och avslutas med att en samstämmig lärargrupp avsätter rektThis dissertation is based on a case study of a series of events at a newly started Swedish high school. The study employs a qualitative methodology comprising of interviews, participant observation and analysis of text documents. The series of events opens with the grand visions of the municipality and the school's principal for the school and concludes with the teachers at the school unanimously

Background. Current evidence suggests that high red meat intake is associated with increased colorectal cancer risk. High fish intake may be associated with a decreased risk, but the existing evidence is less convincing. Methods: We prospectively followed 478040 men and women from 10 European countries who were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998. Information on diet and lifestyle w

This thesis summarizes experimental work in which the powerful Ti:sapphire lasers at the High Power Laser Facility at the Lund Laser Centre have been employed to investigate laser-produced X-rays and relativistic channelling. These lasers produce short pulses, of the order of 50 fs, with energies ranging from 1 mJ to 1 J. Thus, the peak powers reach several terawatts and with the most powerful las

Popular Abstract in Swedish ETT PARADIS FÖR ALLA. EPA MELLAN FOLKHEM OCH FÖRFÖRELSE I början av 1930-talet etablerades en ny form av konsumtion i Sverige när Enhetsprisaktibolaget Epa öppnade dörrarna för en hänförd och överväldigad allmänhet. Hörnstenar i Epa-systemet var fasta priser, massproducerade produkter, stora lagerutrymmen och låga leveranskostnader. Varorna var avsedda för en ny bred kA Paradise for All. Epa between the People's Home and Seduction. This dissertation is about the Epa department store chain, which existed in Sweden from 1930 to 1977. For many people, Epa was an arena for meeting modernity. By allowing issues of tradition and modernity, cultural learning processes, class, gender and aesthetics to collide with the Epa phenomenon, a complex picture of the Swedish P