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BACKGROUND: The character higher order scales (self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) in the temperament and character inventory are important general measures of health and well-being [Mens Sana Monograph 11:16-24 (2013)]. Recent research has found suggestive evidence of common environmental influence on the development of these character traits during adolescence. The pres

The overall aim of this thesis was to increase our knowledge of engagement in occupations in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in order to develop client-centred occupational therapy and rehabilitation. In study I, observations of the performance of self-care and household occupations were pursued in 44 participants, and study II identified self-perceived problems in performance of occupations

A central hypothesis of ecological immunology is that immune defences are traded off against competing physiological and behavioural processes. During energetically demanding periods, birds are predicted to switch from expensive inflammatory responses to less costly immune responses. Acute phase responses (APRs) are a particularly costly form of immune defence, and, hence, seasonal modulations in

Popular Abstract in Swedish Dokosahexaensyra (DHA) och eikosapentaensyra (EPA) är omega-3 fettsyror, som har hälsofrämjande effekter. De behöver skyddas, DHA i synnerhet, eftersom de är mycket känsliga för oxidation. Flera lipider som innehöll DHA utvärderades med avseende på lipidernas möjlighet att skydda DHA mot peroxidation genom att använda en HPLC metod som utvecklades som en del av detta arDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are omega-3 fatty acids, which have health promoting effects. Since they are highly prone to oxidation, they should be protected, in particular DHA. Several lipids containing DHA were evaluated with respect to the ability of the lipids to protect DHA against peroxidation using an HPLC method developed as part of this research. Furthermore,

Popular Abstract in Swedish Kemi finns överallt omkring oss, både i vår omgivning såväl som inuti oss. Vi kanske inte alltid tänker på det, men kemiska processer påverkar oss dagligen och är en förutsättning för vår existens. Det kanske därför inte är så konstigt att människan alltid varit intresserad och fascinerad av just kemi. Ämnet kemi används dock inte bara för att förstå kemiska processer i

Phytase is an important enzyme in the food/feed industry. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of phytate, an anti-nutrient compound present in cereals and grains, to release orthophosphate and myo-inositol-6-phosphate with lower degrees of phosphorylation. Phytic acid is a strong chelator capable of complexing with a variety of metal ions under neutral and alkaline conditions, as well as with proteins and

Gaining reliable estimates of how long fish early life stages can survive without feeding and how starvation rate and time until death are influenced by body size, temperature and species is critical to understanding processes controlling mortality in the sea. The present study is an across-species analysis of starvation-induced changes in biochemical condition in early life stages of nine marine

Background - Arthroscopic meniscal surgery is the most common orthopedic procedure, and the incidence has increased in Denmark over the last 10 years. Concomitantly, several randomized controlled trials have shown no benefit of arthroscopic procedures including arthroscopic partial meniscectomy in middle-aged and older individuals suffering from knee pain with or without knee osteoarthritis. We ex

Recent investigations of the DNA interactions with cationic surfactants and catanionic Mixtures are reviewed. Several techniques have been used such as fluorescence microscopy, dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and Monte Carlo simulations. The conformational behaviour of large DNA molecules in the presence of cationic surfactant was followed by fluorescence microscopy and also by dyna

(1) We have isolated radiolabelled proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans produced by human embryonic skin fibroblasts in the presence of (a) cycloheximide to inhibit protein synthesis or (b) brefeldin A to impede transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex or (c) suramin, heparin or primaquine to interfere with internalization, recycling and degradation. Effects on glycosamino

Background: The electrophysiological mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation (AF) are incompletely understood. Experimental studies have shown that remodelling of the atrial myocardium is linked to the occurrence and perpetuation of AF. Interatrial conduction disturbances and also delayed conduction at the posteroparaseptal region have also been reported as potential arrhythmogenic substrates. H

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna studie handlar om interpersonell kommunikation mellan barn och vuxna i särskolan. Specifikt inriktas den på att studera den kommunikation som sker när de kommunikationssätt som parterna använder är teckenspråk och tecken och samtidigt tal. I fokus är elever med hörselnedsättning och utvecklingsstörning, vilken är en liten, unik och outforskad elevgrupp, men också Pupils with impaired hearing and moderate to severe learning difficulties usually go to special schools for the severely learning disabled. Few studies have been conducted on the interpersonal communication among these pupils. The all-embracing aim of this study is to look closer into the communication that takes place during the school day between children and adults, in cases where Sign Language

A general mathematical model for the characterization of the dynamic (kinetically labile) association of supramolecular assemblies in solution is presented. It is an extension of the equal K (EK) model by the stringent use of linear algebra to allow for the simultaneous presence of an unlimited number of different units in the resulting assemblies. It allows for the analysis of highly complex dyna

Training and communication are essential elements in the implementation of environmental management systems (EMS). This study is based on two main questions: (i) What methods for training and communication will support the implementation of EMS at a university? and, (ii) How did faculty and staff perceive the training and communication activities? The study includes a literature review, a case stu

1 The endocannabinoid anandamide is an emerging potential signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system. Anandamide causes vasodilatation, bradycardia and hypotension in animals and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of endotoxic, haemorrhagic and cardiogenic shock, but its vascular effects have not been studied in man. 2 Human forearm blood flow and skin microcirculatory flow were reco

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förlossning efter kejsarsnitt Kejsarsnitt utgör för närvarande cirka 17% av alla förlossningar i Sverige. En konsekvens av detta är att allt fler kvinnor kommer till specialistmödravården för rådgivning om vilket förlossningssätt som är säkrast vid förlossningen efter ett kejsarsnitt. Två möjligheter finns: planerad vaginal förlossning eller planerat kejsarsnitt. När maBirth after caesarean section (CS) is an issue of growing importance. As a consequence of increasing CS rates, more women having experienced a prior CS will need counselling about preferred second delivery mode. There are two choices: elective repeat caesarean section (ERCS) or trial of labour (TOL). It is well known, that a TOL ending in an emergency CS carries the largest risks for mother and ch

Background: Animal experimental studies and previous randomized trials suggest an improvement in mortality and neurological function with temperature regulation to hypothermia after cardiac arrest. According to a systematic review, previous trials were small, had a risk of bias, evaluated select populations, and did not treat hyperthermia in the control groups. The optimal target temperature manag

Background: Auditory event-related potentials (AERPs) can be used as indices of neural information processing. Altered AERPs have been reported in children and young adults with frontal lobe infarction. Aim: To test the hypothesis that perinatal brain injury affects cortical auditory processing. Methods: We assessed AERPs at term. 6 and 12 months of age in preterm infants [n = 9. median gestationa

WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Previous comparisons between open and endovascular repair of popliteal aneurysms have focused on asymptomatic patients, and have short follow up. This study is strengthened by the fact that it is contemporary, population based, without any selection bias, reporting on all kinds of presentations, and has approximately 90% 1 year follow up data. It shows that endovascular repair

What conformations do protein molecules populate in solution? Crystallography provides a high-resolution description of protein structure in the crystal environment, while NMR describes structure in solution but using less data. NMR structures display more variability, but is this because crystal contacts are absent or because of fewer data constraints? Here we report unexpected insight into this