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A Damping Ratio Bound for Networks of Masses and Springs
The damping ratio is a key performance measure in systems that can be modelled as networks of masses and springs. We derive a lower bound on this quantity that applies to such networks when the masses are subject to viscous damping. The result allows the size of the damping ratio to be understood as a function of the system parameters. We use this to derive a decentralised criterion which, if sati
Simulation of construction operations applied to in situ concrete frameworks
The erection process of in situ cast concrete frameworks in multi-storey housing consists of multiple on site activities in which labour, equipment and materials are interacting in a complex system. Studies have shown that the current process involves a wide range of non-value adding activities, resulting in poor process efficiency. This paper presents a model developed for discrete-event simulati
Performance Optimization of Control Applications on Fog Computing Platforms Using Scheduling and Isolation
In this paper, we address mixed-criticality applications characterized by their safety criticality and time-dependent performance, which are virtualized on a Fog Computing Platform (FCP). The FCP is implemented as a set of interconnected multicore computing nodes, and brings computation and communication closer to the edge of the network, where the machines are located in industrial applications.
Controls of Spring Persistence Barrier Strength in Different ENSO Regimes and Implications for 21st Century Changes
This paper investigates potential factors that control the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Spring Persistence Barrier (SPB) strength in two different ENSO regimes and apply it to explain the ENSO SPB strength modulation after the 21st century. In a damped, noise-driven model, the theoretical solution of SPB strength illustrates that a weaker ENSO growth rate strengthens SPB. In the self-sustai
On the convergence rate of the dirichlet-neumann iteration for coupled poisson problems on unstructured grids
We consider thermal fluid structure interaction with a partitioned approach, where typically, a finite volume and a finite element code would be coupled. As a model problem, we consider two coupled Poisson problems with heat conductivities $$\lambda _1$$, $$\lambda _2$$ in one dimension on intervals of length $$l:1$$ and $$l:2$$. Hereby, we consider linear discretizations on arbitrary meshes, such
A 19.5-GHz 28-nm Class-C CMOS VCO, with a reasonably rigorous result on 1/f noise upconversion caused by short-channel effects
Class-C operation is leveraged to implement a K-band CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) where the upconversion of 1/f current noise from the cross-coupled transistors in the oscillator core is robustly contained at a very low level. Implemented in a bulk 28-nm CMOS technology, the 12%-tuning-range VCO shows a phase noise as low as -112 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset (-86 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset) fr
Assessment of the Representativeness of MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth Products at Different Temporal Scales Using Global AERONET Measurements
Assessments of long-term changes of air quality and global radiative forcing at a large scale heavily rely on satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) datasets, particularly their temporal binning products. Although some attempts focusing on the validation of long-term satellite AOD have been conducted, there is still a lack of comprehensive quantification and understanding of the representativeness
Convergence analysis of iterative learning control using pseudospectra
Iterative learning control (ILC) is an approach to improve the performance of a system that repeats the sameoperation. In this paper, we apply the theory of pseudospectra to transient analysis of ILC. The focus of thispaper is on frequency-domain analysis of filter-based ILC. Moreover, the effect of finite trial length on thetransient growth is discussed.
Five-Full-Block Structured Singular Values of Real Matrices Equal Their Upper Bounds
We show that the structured singular value of a real matrix with respect to five full complex uncertainty blocks equals its convex upper bound. This is done by formulating the equality conditions as a feasibility SDP and invoking a result on the existence of a low-rank solution. A counterexample is given for the case of six uncertainty blocks. Known results are also revisited using the proposed ap
Quasi-Newton waveform iteration for partitioned surface-coupled multiphysics applications
We present novel coupling schemes for partitioned multiphysics simulation that combine four important aspects for strongly coupled problems: implicit coupling per time step, fast and robust acceleration of the corresponding iterative coupling, support for multirate time stepping, and higher-order convergence in time. To achieve this, we combine waveform relaxation—a known method to achieve higher-
H-infinity Optimal Control for Systems with a Bottleneck Frequency
We characterize a class of systems for which the H-infinity optimal control problem can be simplified in a way that enables sparse solutions and efficient computation. For a subclass of the systems, an optimal controller can be explicitly expressed in terms of the matrices of the system's state-space representation. In many applications, the controller given by this formula, which is st
Cloud-Based Model Predictive Control with Variable Horizon
A novel method using the cloud to implement a variable horizon model predictive controller is presented. In case of sudden long delays and downtime, a graceful degradation is used. Robust, best effort strategies allow industrial grade use of the powerful, efficient, and quickly improving cloud ecosystems. The variable horizon strategy finds use in, for example, non-linear control problems, and the
A Cloud-Enabled Rate-Switching MPC Architecture
A two-tier architecture for cloud-based MPC is presented consisting of a high rate MPC in the cloud and a low rate MPC on the local device. The system use the cloud MPC as the nominal controller but switches to local MPC in case of connectivity loss. The two MPCs are designed to be as similar to each other as possible except for the sampling rate. Different alternatives for when to execute the loc
Dynamic Channel Modeling for Indoor Millimeter-Wave Propagation Channels Based on Measurements
In this contribution, a recently conducted measurement campaign for indoor millimeter-wave (mm-wave) propagation channels is introduced. A vector network analyzer (VNA)-based channel sounder was exploited to record the channel characteristics at the frequency band from 28-30 GHz. A virtual uniform circular array (UCA) with a radius of 0.25 m was formed using a rotator with 360 steps. Moreover, by
Identifiability of non-pharmaceutical intervention effectson Covid-19 Spread in Europe
An N-Path Filter Design Methodology With Harmonic Rejection, Power Reduction, Foldback Elimination, and Spectrum Shaping
In this paper, an adaptive design methodology for synthesizing a harmonic free N-path filter with reduced frequency folding is presented. System level analysis of proposed architecture shows that by adding a few extra paths with proper weights to a conventional N-path filter, several characteristics such as harmonic rejection, power reduction, foldback elimination and spectrum shaping can be achie
Control System Stability under Consecutive Deadline Misses Constraints
This paper deals with the real-time implementation of feedback controllers. In particular, it provides an analysis of the stability property of closed-loop systems that include a controller that can sporadically miss deadlines. In this context, the weakly hard m-K computational model has been widely adopted and researchers used it to design and verify controllers that are robust to deadline misses
Advanced algorithm to detect stealthy cyber attacks on automatic generation control in smart grid
One of the basic requirements of today's sophisticated world is the availability of electrical energy, and neglect of this matter may have irreparable damages such as an extensive blackout. The problems which were introduced about the traditional power grid, and also, the growing advances in smart technologies make the traditional power grid go towards smart power grid. Although widespread utilisa
