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Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate if the relation between sex and clinical outcomes in early rheumatoid arthritis varies by autoantibody status.Methods Two inception cohorts of consecutive patients with early RA (symptom duration ≤12 months) in the Southern Region of Sweden were investigated. Patients were stratified by anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) status. The

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have been studied intensely as the active material for optoelectronic devices. Lithography methods for perovskites remain limited because of the solubility of perovskites in polar solvents. Here, we demonstrate an electron-beam-lithography process with a poly(methyl methacrylate) resist based on the nonpolar solvents o-xylene, hexane, and toluene. Features down to 5

Precise control of the discharge in space and time is of great significance for better applications of discharge plasma. Here, we used a femtosecond laser filament to trigger and guide a high-voltage DC pulse discharge to achieve spatiotemporal control of the discharge plasma. In space, the discharge plasma is distributed strictly along the channel generated by the femtosecond laser filament. The

Crystallography is an invaluable tool in materials science, solid state physics and protein science. Understanding crystallography requires grasping the powerful but abstract concept of reciprocal space. Here a simple but insightful experiment using a laser pointer and Au microdisc arrays to explore and illustrate Bragg diffraction and reciprocal space is demonstrated. The Au microdisc arrays were

Based on the critical velocity model, impact and capture efficiencies in an AGTB turbine cascade are investigated numerically under various inlet angles of mainstream, blowing ratios, particle sizes, and particle densities. The effect of hole configuration on deposition is analyzed based on comparisons of results from combined hole and cylindrical hole. The impact efficiency increases with the inc

Background: Obesity is a growing health issue. This study estimated the costs of obesity among people aged 25–84 years in Sweden using disease and non-disease specific attributable fractions from published data. A prognosis of costs of obesity in 2030 is presented. Methods and materials: Diseases related to obesity and their respective risks and population attributable fraction were retrieved by l

Previous work identifying determinants of co-occurrence of behavioral risk factors have focused on their association with individuals' characteristics with scant attention paid to their relationship to contextual factors. Data came from 21,007 individuals ≥15 years of age who participated in the cross-sectional 2011-2012 Spanish National Health Survey. Two indicators were defined by tobacco consum

Objectives: To determine the general contextual effect of the department in the variation of Cesarean section in Colombia in 2016, and their individual and contextual related factors.Methods: Cross-sectional study based on a birth cohort. We used the birth certificate database from January 1 to December 31, 2016. Three multilevel logistic models were constructed. Pregnant women were set at the fir

X-ray microscopy offers the opportunity to image biological and radiosensitive materials without special sample preparations, bridging optical and electron microscopy capabilities. However, the performance of such microscopes, when imaging radiosensitive samples, is not limited by their intrinsic resolution, but by the radiation damage induced on such samples. Here, we demonstrate a novel, to the

The enhanced heat transfer mechanism and parameter optimization of an interrupted microchannel heat sink with rectangular ribs (IMCHS-R) was numerically studied for Reynolds number ranging from 100 to 900, using ANSYS Fluent. Interrupted microchannel heat sinks with different kinds of rectangular ribs having different width, length, and locations were compared with a straight microchannel and micr

In order to investigate the characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flows in horizontal mini circular tubes with inner diameters of 3.14 and 6.68 mm, a prism is adopted to improve the light path in the visualization experimental setup. The front and top views of air-water two-phase flow patterns in two tubes are captured synchronously based on the improved method. Three-dimensional gas-liquid inte

In this study, pool boiling heat transfer of de-ionized water was experimentally studied on a scored copper surface at a heat-flux range of 0 - 60 W/cm2. Bubble dynamics in an isolated bubble region were carefully investigated, including bubble departure diameters, bubble departure frequencies, and active nucleation site densities. The bubble dynamics were compared with available models, indicatin

Controlled assembly of retinal cells on artificial surfaces is important for fundamental cell research and medical applications. We investigate fractal electrodes with branches of vertically- aligned carbon nanotubes and silicon dioxide gaps between the branches that form repeating patterns spanning from micro- to milli-meters, along with single-scaled Euclidean electrodes. Fluorescence and electr

In this work, supercritical n-decane flowing in ducts with different orientations is thoroughly investigated in terms of secondary flow, wall shear stress, and thermal acceleration. It is known that the secondary flow strength hardly plays a role in cases of flowing upward, flowing downward, or flowing horizontally at a small heat flux/mass flux. Still, an attachment point can be found at the cent

Post-fracture care (PFC) programs evaluate and manage patients with a minimal trauma or fragility fracture to prevent subsequent fractures. We conducted a literature review to understand current trends in PFC publications, evaluate key characteristics of PFC programs, and assess their clinical effectiveness, geographic variations, and cost-effectiveness. We performed a search for peer-reviewed art

HIV-1 transmission dynamics involving men who have sex with men (MSM) in Africa are not well understood. We investigated the rates of HIV-1 transmission between MSM across three regions in Kenya: Coast, Nairobi, and Nyanza. We analyzed 372 HIV-1 partial pol sequences sampled during 2006–2019 from MSM in Coast (N = 178, 47.9%), Nairobi (N = 137, 36.8%), and Nyanza (N = 57, 15.3%) provinces in Kenya

Introduction Breathlessness is debilitating and increases in prevalence with age, with people progressively reducing their everyday activities to ‘self-manage’ it. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of breathlessness on function in terms of activities that have been reduced or ceased (‘compromised’) in older men.Methods A cross-sectional postal survey of Swedish 73-year-old man in the VAScula

A novel preconditioned lattice Boltzmann method (PLBM) is applied to investigate the thermo-hydrodynamic characteristics of Al2O3-water nanofluid with various temperature-dependent thermophysical properties and slip boundary conditions in a microchannel. Also, the effects of a magnetic field force, buoyancy force, and volume fraction of nanoparticles are analyzed, respectively. The theoretical lev

Summary: In this prospective study in Swedish elderly men, PAD based on an ABI < 0.9 was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, independent of age and hip BMD. However, after further adjustments for comorbidity, medications, physical function, and socioeconomic factors, the association diminished and was no longer statistically significant. Introduction: To examine if peripheral arteri

Predation is a major evolutionary driver of animal adaptation. However, understanding of anti-predator evolution is biased toward vertebrate taxa. Cephalopoda, a class in the invertebrate phylum Mollusca, are known for their diverse anti-predator strategies, characterised by their behavioural flexibility. While ancestral cephalopods were protected by a hard outer shell, extant cephalopods have gre