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Background: Respiratory tract deposition of air pollution particles is a key to their adverse health effects. This study was aimed to determine the size-resolved deposition fraction (DF) of sooty wood smoke particles in the lungs of healthy subjects. The type of wood smoke investigated is typical for household air pollution from solid fuels, which is among the largest environmental health problems
This article provides new evidence on heterogeneity in the impact of health shocks by using register-based data on the entire population of Swedish workers. We formulate a difference-in-difference design, where we compare the change in labour earnings across matched workers with a high and low level of education who experience the same type of health shocks. Our results suggest major heterogeneity
An improved one-dimensional (1-D) model for the secondary clarifier, i.e. the Bürger-Diehl model, was recently presented. The decisive difference to traditional layer models is that every detail of the implementation is in accordance with the theory of partial differential equations. The Bürger-Diehl model allows accounting for hindered and compressive settling as well as inlet dispersion. In this
Influenced by the call for ‘non-media-centric media studies’, and based on interviews with transnational professionals and forced migrants, this article scrutinizes transnational identifications under mediatised conditions. With the point of departure in space/mobility and everyday life practices – the common denominators in the perspectives of transnationalism and mediatisation – the analysis sho
Background Countdown to 2015 tracks progress towards achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5, with particular emphasis on within-country inequalities. We assessed how inequalities in maternal, newborn, and child health interventions vary by intervention and country. Methods We reanalysed data for 12 maternal, newborn, and child health interventions from national surveys done in
The superheavy element with atomic number Z=117 was produced as an evaporation residue in the 48Ca+249Bk fusion reaction at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The radioactive decay of evaporation residues and their α-decay products was studied using a detection setup that allowed measuring decays of single atomic nuclei with half-lives between sub-μs and a few days. T
Objective: The aim of this article is to present the Swedish and Norwegian Testicular Cancer Group (SWENOTECA), with an emphasis on the history of SWENOTECA, organization, results and current status. Materials and methods: SWENOTECA was founded in 1981 as a binational organization open to hospitals in Sweden and Norway treating testicular cancer. It has since published treatment protocols for test
Background: Activated microglia with macrophage-like functions invade and surround beta-amyloid (A beta) plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD), possibly contributing to the turnover of A beta, but they can also secrete proinflammatory factors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Microglia are known to modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Objectives/Methods: To determine the role of mi
Abstract in UndeterminedUsing the Standardized World Income Inequality Database, we examine if the KOF Index of Globalization and the Economic Freedom Index of the Fraser institute are related to within-country income inequality using panel data covering around 80 countries 1970–2005. Freedom to trade internationally is robustly related to inequality, also when adding several control variables and
Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is an alloimmune disorder resulting from platelet opsonization by maternal antibodies that destroy fetal platelets. The major risk of FNAIT is severe bleeding, particularly intracranial hemorrhage. Miscarriage has also been reported but the incidence requires further study. Analogous to adult autoimmune thrombocytopenia (ITP), the major target
This work presents a detailed study of the theoretical aspects of the Fourier analysis method, which has been utilized for gas absorption harmonic detection in wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS). The lock-in detection of the harmonic signal is accomplished by studying the phase term of the inverse Fourier transform of the Fourier spectrum that corresponds to the harmonic signal. The mathemat
Pancreatic cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that often lacks disease-specific symptoms in early stages. The malignancy is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in Western countries. In advanced stages, the overall 5-year survival is less than 1% to 2%. Most available treatments lack convincing cost-efficiency determinations and are generally not associated with re
We use a numerical model based on non-equilibrium Green's functions to investigate the influence of interface roughness (IFR) scattering in terahertz quantum cascade lasers. We confirm that IFR is an important phenomenon that affects both current and gain. The simulations indicate that IFR causes a leakage current that transfers electrons from the upper to the lower laser state. In certain cases,
Regular exercise has numerous health benefits, for example, it reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. It has also been shown that the risk of type 2 diabetes can be halved in high-risk groups through nonpharmacological lifestyle interventions involving exercise and diet. Nevertheless, the number of people living a sedentary life is dramatically increasing worldwide. Researchers hav
Some of the characteristics of recent ultralow-emittance storage-ring designs and possibly future diffraction-limited storage rings are a compact lattice combined with small magnet apertures. Such requirements present a challenge for the design and performance of the vacuum system. The vacuum system should provide the required vacuum pressure for machine operation and be able to handle the heat lo
Background Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Methods The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adj
Ordered graphene films have been fabricated on Fe-treated SiC and diamond surfaces using the catalytic conversion of sp(3) to sp(2) carbon. In comparison with the bare SiC(0 0 0 1) surface, the graphitization temperature is reduced from over 1000 degrees C to 600 degrees C and for diamond (111), this new approach enables epitaxial graphene to be grown on this surface for the first time. For both s
To investigate the hypothesis that COMP can influence the morphology, stability and size of murine atherosclerotic lesions.
