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The location of Mn atoms in the MBE-grown layers of Ga1-xMnxAs is correlated with all important physical properties of the final material, therefore, it is the subject of many studies. It is known that in the as-grown MBE samples the Mn atoms occupy substitutional and interstitial positions but the proportion between these sites is not easy to find. A powerful tool for this kind of study is XAS as
Popular Abstract in Swedish Enligt Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) är en god hälsa ett "tillstånd av fullständigt fysiskt, socialt och mentalt välbefinnande, och inte enbart avsaknad av sjukdom eller funktionshinder". Vår hälsa påverkas under hela vår levnad av en mängd faktorer såsom exempelvis våra gener, biologiska faktorer, sociodemografiska faktorer, beteendefaktorer och livsstil samt miljöfaAbstract: The complexity of health relates to the interplay between numerous factors, e.g., biological and genetic factors, sociodemographic factors, life-style, environmental factors as well as health care services, all possibly acting throughout the life-course. While earlier health theories mainly have focused on adult life style as causes of adult ill-health, life-course research has in recent
Stem cells have qualities that clearly distinguish them from all other cells. Capabilities like self-renewal, differentiation and migration make them truly powerful. This thesis deals with different aspects of stem/progenitor cells in relation to cancer. Certain types of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have been shown to possess a potential of tracking glioma cells in the brain. This makes them pot
Cohesive zone modeling at finite displacements and crack openings are discussed and evaluated in relation to the fundamental principles provided by thermodynamic consistency, balance of angular momentum and material frame indifference. It is shown that among the existing prototype cohesive zone models within the classical cohesive zone framework, only fully isotropic elastic models or fully isotro
Kiselalger finns över nästan hela jorden och står för en stor del av jordens samlade fotosyntes. Deras kloroplaster härstammar från rödalger, men resten av deras celler kommer från andra håll. Kiselalgerna har många gener vilkas närmaste släktingar återfinns hos djur, svampar, grönalger eller olika bakterier.
This article article examines to what extent and how the EU ETS has influenced the climate strategies of two Nordic pulp and paper companies: Swedish SCA and Norwegian Norske Skog. Rising electricity prices are perceived to be the greatest effect of the scheme. The EU ETS has served to reinforce commitments to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions in both companies studied. Procedures
The striatum is widely viewed as the fulcrum of pathophysiology in Parkinson's disease (PD) and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). In these disease states, the balance in activity of striatal direct pathway spiny projection neurons (dSPNs) and indirect pathway spiny projection neurons (iSPNs) is disrupted, leading to aberrant action selection. However, it is unclear whether countervailing mechanisms
Twenty-six children in 3rd grade were observed while surfing freely on their favourite websites. Eye movement data were recorded, as well as synchronized screen recordings. Each online advert was analyzed in order to quantify low-level saliency features, such as motion, luminance and edge density. The eye movement data were used to register if the children had attended to the online adverts. A mix
Popular Abstract in Swedish Dagens samhälle är allt mer beroende av elektroniska hjälpmedel så som smarta telefoner, läsplattor, datorer osv. Prestandakraven ökar i en allt högre takt och därför måste även den bakomliggande teknologin följa samma trend. De flesta av oss vill att den nya mobiltelefonen ska ha så hög kameraupplösning som möjligt men få av oss tänker på att detta medför en större mäFast and reliable data transmission together with high bandwidth efficiency are important design aspects in a modern digital communication system. Many different approaches exist but in this thesis bandwidth efficiency is obtained by increasing the data transmission rate with the faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) framework while keeping a fixed power spectral density (PSD). In FTN consecutive information
The paper presents a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of production of ammonia using wind power. The ammonia is intended to substitute for nitrogen fertilizer produced from fossil resources. The studied system is designed to supply a rural community with fertilizer based on renewable energy and is, therefore, smaller than industrial fossil ammonia production systems. Two contrasting cases exam
Natural killer (NK) cells represent the third lymphoid lineage playing important role against viral infections and cancer. In contrast to B and T cell development where both cellular and regulatory pathways are well established, the development of NK cells from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is poorly understood. Although bone marrow (BM) represents the main site for postnatal NK cell development
The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE) was the most rapid and sustained increase in marine Phanerozoic biodiversity. What generated this biotic response across Palaeozoic seascapes is a matter of debate; several intrinsic and extrinsic drivers have been suggested. One is Ordovician climate, which in recent years has undergone a paradigm shift from a text-book example of an extended g
A dietary survey was performed during a large screening study in Sweden among 13-year-old adolescents. The aim was to study how the intake of food groups was affected by a screening-detected diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD) and its gluten-free (GF) treatment. Food intake was reported using a FFQ, and intake reported by the adolescents who were diagnosed with CD was compared with the intake of two
Background Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) is associated with increased risk of pneumococcal infection. The mechanism for this association is unknown. We recently reported that the particulate matter from urban air simulates platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR)-dependent adhesion of pneumococci to airway cells. We therefore sought to determine whether CS stimulates pneumococcal adhesion to
Stem cell-based approaches have received much hype as potential treatments for neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, transplantation of stem cells or their derivatives in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases can improve function by replacing the lost neurons and glial cells and by mediating remyelination, trophic actions, and modulation of inflammation. Endogenous neural stem cells are also
We present a method to compute, quickly and efficiently, the mutual information achieved by an independent identically distributed (IID) complex Gaussian signal on a block Rayleigh-faded channel without side information at the receiver. The method accommodates both scalar and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) settings. Operationally, this mutual information represents the highest spectral effi
The Dalitz decay eta -> e(+) e(-) gamma has been measured in the gamma p -> eta p reaction with the Crystal Ball and TAPS multiphoton spectrometers, together with the photon-tagging facility at the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The experimental statistic used in this work is one order of magnitude greater than in any previous measurement of eta -> e(+) e(-) gamma. The value obtained for the slope paramete
Background: Obesity, type 2 diabetes and atrial fibrillation (AF) are closely associated, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We aimed to explore associations between body mass index (BMI) or weight change with risk of AF in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 7,169 participations with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were stratified according to baseline BMI, and
We use a recently developed parametrization to estimate the regional particle field in the summer time troposphere over Scandinavia that would result if the forest were the only source of particles. The calculated field is compared with available observational data. It is concluded that the needle leaf forest above 58 degrees N alone is capable of producing aerosol mass concentrations correspondin
