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Proton circuits across the inner mitochondrial membrane link the primary energy generators, namely the complexes of the electron transport chain, to multiple energy utilizing processes, including the ATP synthase, inherent proton leak pathways, metabolite transport and linked circuits of sodium and calcium. These mitochondrial circuits can be monitored in both isolated preparations and intact cell

Acute lung injury is a severe complication to acute pancreatitis and a significant health problem associated with a considerable mortality. Underlying mechanisms are complex and poorly understood, although recent insights have identified several inflammatory profiles and cellular components involved to varying degrees during different phases of pancreatitis exacerbation and acute lung injury. This

Water uptake on aerosol and cloud particles in the atmosphere modifies their chemistry and microphysics with important implications for climate on Earth. Here, we apply an environmental molecular beam (EMB) method to characterize water accommodation on ice and organic surfaces. The adsorption of surface-active compounds including short-chain alcohols, nitric acid, and acetic acid significantly aff

Shed mediastinal blood collected by cardiotomy suction has been shown to be a large contributor to lipid microemboli ending up in different organs. The aim of this study was to test the separation efficiency on human shed blood of a new separation method developed to meet this demand. METHODS: Shed mediastinal blood collected from the pericardial cavity of 13 patients undergoing cardiac surgery wi

Interstitial laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure the effect of interstitial laser-induced thermotherapy on local blood perfusion in normal rat liver in the peripheral treatment region elevated to hyperthermic temperatures. The Nd:YAG laser emitting at 1064 nm was utilised as heat generation source. The plane-cut tip of an optical fibre was placed in the middle of the exteriorised left live

The development of information technology opens up new venues of human communication. So far, most research has been devoted to the technological side of communication. By analysing the metaphors that are used to talk about communication, the differences between technological and human communication can be targeted. What is needed in order to understand human communication is more knowledge about

Lysine-specific chemical crosslinking in combination with mass spectrometry is emerging as a tool for the structural characterization of protein complexes and protein-protein interactions. After tryptic digestion of crosslinked proteins there are thousands of peptides amenable to MSMS, of which only very few are crosslinked peptides of interest. Here we describe how the advantage offered by off-li

Liljendal, en flickavdelning vid Granhults behandlingshem, var verksam från 1 mars 2001 till 31 januari 2005. Arne Kristiansen, som har utvärderat behandlingen, är kritisk till i första hand verksamhetens ideologiska utgångspunkter, tolvstegsfilosofi och minnesotabehandling, men hans utvärdering har ingenting med Liljendals nedläggning att göra. Liljendal hade helt enkelt för låg beläggning för at

Associative ionizing molecule-atom collisions Na-2(A(1) Sigma(u)(+)) + Na(3p) --> Na-3(+) + e have been observed at simultaneous excitation of dimers and atoms by means of two lasers. Measurements of the relevant ionization current show that the cross section of molecule-atom ionizing collisions exceeds by an order of magnitude the cross section of the well-known atom-atom associative ionization N

När gränsöverskridande transaktioner företas på Internet kan frågor uppkomma rörande domstolars behörighet och vilket lands lag som är tillämplig. På vilket sätt bör de etablerade internationellt privaträttsliga reglerna tillämpas för att ge svar på dessa frågor? I artikeln diskuteras frågorna med specifik utgångspunkt i de särskilda skyddsregler som är tänkta att i en större utsträckning ge konsu

There are a large number of fire scenarios at nuclear power plants that must be analysed to obtain a picture of the fire risk. This report presents a schematic method that can be useful when identifying areas where deeper analysis is necessary. The methodology is based on four possible scenarios. Accepted and generally used calculations methods are available for three of these scenarios. As for th