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Forty years ago, Viterbi published upper bounds on both the first error event (burst error) and bit error probabilities for Viterbi decoding of convolutional codes. These bounds were derived using a signal flow chart technique for convolutional encoders. In 1995, Best et al. published a formula for the exact bit error probability for Viterbi decoding of the rate R=1/2, memory m=1 convolutional enc
This thesis conceptually consists of two parts. The fist part---the first half of paper I and papers II--IV---is a study of Jensen measures and their role in pluripotential theory. Lately, there have been a great interest in new methods for constructing plurisubharmonic functions as lower envelopes of disc functionals in the spirit of Poletsky. In this context, Jensen measures of various types pla
During recent years, much attention has been paid otoacoustic emissions in the clinical audiological practice. The received view locates their origin in the cochlea, more precisely in the outer hair cells. It is, however, still uncertain if there is an interaction between the ears regarding otoacoustic emissions. Earlier findings suggest an interaction at the level of the olivocochlear bundle. The
The gravitomagnetic force is the gravitational counterpart to the Lorentz force in electromagnetics. This paper presents a thought experiment from which the gravitomagnetic force is obtained using the Newton theory of gravitation and elementary knowledge in the special theory of relativity. The example is suitable to present in an undergraduate course on basic electromagnetic theory.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Brosk bekläder våra leder och förser dem med en slät yta vilket förhindrar en direkt ben mot ben kontakt. Det fungerar också som stötdämpare i belastade leder och ger glidytan mycket låg friktion. Vatten hålls kvar i broskets matrix på grund av den negativt laddade proteogykanen Aggrecan vilken i sin tur hålls kvar i ett nätverk av kollagenfibrer. När en led belastas prThe cartilage matrix is made up of a fibrillar meshwork comprising type II collagen and other associated proteins. One main function of this network is to retain the large aggregating proteoglycan, aggrecan, a vital component in the regulation of fluid flux in cartilage. In disease such as osteoarthritis, the breakdown of the collagen network appears to be the final step in destruction of cartilag
