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This contribution questions the influential interpretation that strong unions and centralized wage bargaining facilitate wage restraint and that during the postwar period wage restraint was an important cause of strong economic growth performance. This view is contrasted with a power-oriented perspective that sees strong unions as conducive to redistribution from capital to labour, rather than wag
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under sin livstid kommer var tredje svensk i personlig kontakt med någon tumörform. För att effektivare kunna behandla cancer behöver vi bättre förstå de bakomliggande mekanismerna. Varför växer en cancer och hur sker spridningen till andra organ? En cancervävnad består av ett stort antal olika celler som ständigt kommunicerar med varandra. I en frisk vävnad finns regleCell behavior such as migration and proliferation, especially during cancer development, are balanced by the surrounding environment. Complex polysaccharides called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are part of this environment and they are known to modulate tumor development. One of these GAGs, dermatan/chondroitin sulfate (CS/DS), is attached to proteins either bound to the cell surface or secreted in t
The inclusion of environmental variation in studies of recruitment is a prerequisite for realistic predictions of the responses of vegetation to a changing environment. We investigated how seedling recruitment is affected by seed availability and microsite quality along a steep environmental gradient in dry tundra. A survey of natural seed rain and seedling density in vegetation was combined with
The increasing industrial application of metal oxide Engineered Nano-Particles (ENPs) is likely to increase their environmental release to soils. While the potential of metal oxide ENPs as environmental toxicants has been shown, lack of suitable control treatments have compromised the power of many previous assessments. We evaluated the ecotoxicity of ENP (nano) forms of Zn and Cu oxides in two di
Objective The aim of this study was to establish when a second-stage diagnostic test may be of value in cases where a primary diagnostic test has given an uncertain diagnosis of the benign or malignant nature of an adnexal mass. Methods The diagnostic performance with regard to discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses for mathematical models including ultrasound variables and for
An imaging technique capable of measuring the extinction coefficient in 3D is presented and demonstrated on various scattering media. The approach is able to suppress unwanted effects due to both multiple scattering and light extinction, which, in turbid situations, seriously hampers the performance of conventional imaging techniques. The main concept consists in illuminating the sample of interes
Background: For nuclei heavier than Pb-208 alpha decay is a dominating decay mode. alpha decay of odd nuclei can give spectroscopic information because different states in the daughter nucleus can be populated in the decay. Purpose: To explore and test microscopic descriptions of alpha decay of odd nuclei based on self-consistent models with effective nuclear interactions. To predict the hindrance
Sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy has been treated with photocoagulation for decades but the mechanisms behind the beneficial clinical effects are poorly understood. One target of irradiation and a potential player in this process is the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Here we establish an in vitro model for photocoagulation of human RPE cells.
Standardized assessment instruments have been introduced in social work with the aim of measuring outcome effects and raising quality. One example, the ASI (Addiction Severity Index), is a standardi- zed questionnaire which can be regarded as a success story in Sweden and around the globe. The questionnaire, originally created by quantitative researchers and focusing on Vietnam Veterans in volun-
1. We review and update recent observations of cyanobacteria-zooplankton interactions, identify theoretical and methodological limitations and evaluate approaches necessary for understanding the effects of increasing cyanobacterial blooms on plankton dynamics. 2. The emphasis on oversimplified studies using large-bodied Daphnia species, not previously exposed to cyanobacteria, has limited our unde
This study was performed on 42 floor slabs where the moisture was measured at several occasions and the effect of cast in under floor heating was evaluated. A simulation model of moisture redistribution is present. Major finding was that the drying time decreases when the floor heating is started early under the drying process and moisture measurement should be made right between the heating pipes
In this paper a controller reduction method which preserves closed loop stability is described. A Lyapunov inequality based sufficient condition is proposed in the search of the reduced controller. The reduced controller leads to a stable closed loop system with guaranteed approximation quality. Furthermore, the proposed problem can be formulated as a matrix approximation problem which can be solv
In 1973, the Swedish Centre party managed to attract 25.1 per cent of the votes in that year’s election. A quarter of a century later the once agrarian party hovered precariously close to the four per cent election threshold. During the long and unbroken decline, the party was a member of the centre-right bloc – yet was intermittently drawn to the Social Democrats. Throughout, it retained a strong
High-resolution near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements at the As M-edge, F K-edge and S L-edge of the Fabre salt (TMTTF)(2)AsF6 were performed from room temperature (RT) to 90 K, allowing to reach the charge localization regime below T-rho approximate to 230 K and to cross the charge ordering (CO) transition at T-CO approximate to 102 K. The F K-edge and S L-edge spectra e
The shear-induced transformations between oriented planar lamellae and a state of closely packed multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) in a lyotropic nonionic surfactant model system were studied by the combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and diffusometry with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). H-2 NMR imaging confirmed the discontinuous nature of the transition from onions to plan
Background: Medical treatment of hypertension is not always sufficient to achieve blood pressure control. Despite this, previous studies on supplementary therapies, such as yoga, are relatively few. We investigated the effects of two yoga interventions on blood pressure and quality of life in patients in primary health care diagnosed with hypertension. Methods: Adult patients (age 20-80 years) wit
NMR has contributed greatly to our current understanding of self-association, phase behaviour, and molecular dynamics in aqueous systems of oligo(ethylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether (CmEn) nonionic surfactants, which are extensively used in both basic scientific studies and technical applications as emulsifying agents and detergents. This review provides a comprehensive but concise overview of the va
