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Aim: Life expectancy of people with intellectual disability (ID) has increased along with that in the general population. The aims were to estimate prevalence of older people with intellectual disabilities (ID) during 2004-2012, and identify differences in prevalence across counties in Sweden. Method: Individuals aged 55+ years were identified through two national registers; the LSS register and t
Aim: To explore somatic healthcare utilisation patterns among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) 55 years and older living in Sweden in comparison with the general population. Method: The ID group (n = 7936) comprised people with ID who were 55 years and older in 2012. A general population sample (n = 7936) was age- and sexmatched. The sample was divided into four age groups:
Samhället förändras kontinuerligt. Hur samhällsutvecklingen ser påverkar energiefterfrågan och utsläppen av växthusgaser. Sedan den industriella revolutionens genombrott har Sverige gått igenom tre större samhällsomställningar som har haft en stor inverkan på energisystemet och därmed utsläppen. Syftet med denna underlagsrapport är att diskutera drivkrafterna bakom dessa omställningar och vilka lä
Catalysis is a powerful tool to highly efficient production of desired newchemicals by acceleration of a chemical reaction rate. Special compounds used forthis purpose are called catalysts; they induce a change in the chemicalenvironment without being consumed during the process. Catalysis affects manyfields of life leading to a decrease of the energy use, less pollution, fewer sideproducts and loCatalysis is a powerful tool to highly efficient production of desired newchemicals by acceleration of a chemical reaction rate. Special compounds used forthis purpose are called catalysts; they induce a change in the chemicalenvironment without being consumed during the process. Catalysis affects manyfields of life leading to a decrease of the energy use, less pollution, fewer sideproducts and lo
Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have increased survival dramatically for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but continuous administration of these drugs may elicit long-term toxicity. Objective: To investigate the incidence of vascular events in patients with CML treated with first-and second-generation TKIs. Design: Retrospective cohort study using nationwide population-b
Background: The basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) subtype is characterized by positive staining for basal mammary epithelial cytokeratin markers, lack of hormone receptor and HER2 expression, and poor prognosis with currently no approved molecularly-targeted therapies. The oncogenic signaling pathways driving basal-like tumorigenesis are not fully elucidated. Methods: One hundred sixteen unselected
BACKGROUND: Long commutes by car are stressful. Most research studying health effects of commuting have summarized cross-sectional data for large regions. This study investigated whether the levels of stress and individual characteristics among 30–60 min car commuters were similar across different places within the county of Scania, Sweden, and if there were changes over time. METHODS: The study p
Background: Several countries have increased patients' abilities to choose their health care providers, frequently under the assumption that patients are themselves the best agents to make such decisions. In parallel, national and regional health authorities have enhanced access to Internet based information sources (IBIS) to assist patients in making an informed choice. Relatively little, however
Diabetic nephropathy represents a condition frequently detected in current clinical practice characterized by a very high cardiovascular risk profile. Blood pressure reduction via antihypertension drug treatment represents a therapeutic approach capable of exerting favorable effects on renal and cardiovascular outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature and results of
We study the use of the System Optimum (SO) Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) problem to design optimal traffic flow controls for freeway networks as modeled by the Cell Transmission Model, using variable speed limit, ramp metering, and routing. We consider two optimal control problems: the DTA problem, where turning ratios are part of the control inputs, and the Freeway Network Control (FNC), wher
Distributed averaging is one of the simplest and most widely studied network dynamics. Its applications range from cooperative inference in sensor networks, to robot formation, to opinion dynamics. A number of fundamental results and examples scattered through the literature are gathered here and some original approaches and generalizations are presented, emphasizing the deep interplay between the
We study System Optimum Dynamic Traffic Assignment (SO-DTA) for realistic traffic dynamics controlled by variable speed limits, ramp metering, and routing controls. We consider continuous-time cell-based Dynamic Network Loading models that include as special cases the Cell Transmission Model (CTM) with FIFO rule at the diverge junctions as well as non-FIFO diverge rules. While a straightforward co
Many notions of network centrality can be formulated in terms of invariant probability vectors of suitably defined stochastic matrices encoding the network structure. Analogously, invariant probability vectors of stochastic matrices allow one to characterize the asymptotic behavior of many linear network dynamics, e.g., arising in opinion dynamics in social networks as well as in distributed avera
Several strategic interactions over social networks display both negative and positive externalities at the same time. E.g., participation to a social media website with limited resources is more appealing the more of your friends participate, while a large total number of participants may slow down the website (because of congestion effects) thus making it less appealing. Similarly, while there a
Many linear dynamics over networks can be related by duality to the evolution of a Markov chain with state space coinciding with the node set of the network. Examples include opinion dynamics over social networks as well as distributed averaging algorithms for estimation or control. When the transition probability matrix P associated to the Markov chain is irreducible, a key quantity is its invari
This paper designs distributed dynamic traffic signal control policies for urban traffic networks. Vehicles at the end of an approach to an intersection queue up in separate lanes corresponding to different possible turn maneuvers at the upcoming intersection, according to fixed turn ratios. The departure rate of vehicles from the queue is governed by traffic signal control at the intersections. W
