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Silicate weathering regulates climate as a critical carbon sink, yet understanding its role in the carbon cycle is challenging because of limited knowledge about the impact of temperature and rainfall on weathering during glacial-interglacial cycles. Here we investigated the orbital scale of silicate weathering variations and their role in atmospheric carbon dioxide sequestration using reconstruct

Accurate reservoir dynamics, particularly water storage and inflow, are crucial for release decisions and operation rule assessments. However, the lack of sufficient monitoring data has hindered the accurate representation of reservoir behavior in hydrological models. While the increasing availability of satellite imagery provides unprecedented opportunities for dynamic reservoir monitoring, its p

Climate change and its associated extreme events challenge the effectiveness of passive building design strategies. Hybrid passive-active systems emerge as a promising solution; however, their resilience in extreme climate conditions is less studied. This study addresses this gap by investigating the integration of solar chimneys (SC) with variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems to improve thermal

Heavy metals are toxic elements that can have significant adverse effects on human health, particularly during vulnerable periods such as pregnancy. The presence of heavy metals in the environment can lead to increased exposure in pregnant women, which may adversely affect both maternal and neonatal health. This study investigates the relationship between heavy metal concentrations, thyroid hormon

Black carbon (BC) is produced by incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels and is released as aerosols to the atmosphere with effects on the climate, environment, and human health. Current BC emissions are well monitored in many parts of the world. However, the geographical coverage is limited, and historical records of BC accumulation are still scarce. Here we present a quantification of

Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence has steadily increased in Sweden, more steeply in the mid-1990s caused by increased opportunistic prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. Tallness, normal weight, and non-smoking are associated with more PSA testing, which increases detection of low-risk and localised PCa. We investigated time trends of height, body mass index (BMI), and smoking with PCa risk in 17

Altermagnets constitute a novel, third fundamental class of collinear magnetic ordered materials, alongside with ferro- and antiferromagnets. They share with conventional antiferromagnets the feature of a vanishing net magnetization. At the same time they show a spin-splitting of electronic bands, just as in ferromagnets, caused by the atomic exchange interaction. On the other hand, topology has r

Background: Physical activity (PA) in childhood is critical for establishing a healthy lifestyle across the lifespan, particularly to treat and prevent obesity. This study aimed to explore PA and sedentary behaviour (SED) in 6–12-year-old children with obesity and their parents, and possible associations in these behaviours between children and parents. Methods: Children referred to outpatient pae

Repetitive Head Impacts (RHI) in boxing may increase the risk for neuronal damage. We evaluated blood-based biomarkers for neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathology, clinical features, and MRI biomarkers in former professional boxers compared to patients with AD or patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Nine former boxers were compared to age-matched patients (without sin

Synaesthesia is a sensory phenomenon where specific inputs such as written letters or tastes automatically trigger additional sensations (for instance colours). The phenomenon is more common in people on the autism spectrum compared to the general population and seems also to be associated with other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions and features. We assessed the associations between s

Fire drills are a commonly-used training method for improving how people act in emergency situations. This article deals with fire drills in early childhood education facilities and analyses data gathered from an online survey of 1 151 Czech nursery schools (23.5% of nursery schools invited to participate, 21.5% of all officially registered nursery schools in Czechia). It provides recommendations

Macrophages infiltrate solid tumors and either support survival or induce cancer cell death through phagocytosis or cytotoxicity. To uncover regulators of macrophage cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, we perform two co-culture CRISPR screens using CAR-macrophages targeting different tumor associated antigens. Both identify ATG9A as an important regulator of this cytotoxic activity. In vitro and in

The role of anyonic statistics stands as a cornerstone in the landscape of topological quantum techniques. While recent years have brought forth encouraging and persuasive strides in detecting anyons, a significant facet remains unexplored, especially in view of connecting anyonic physics to quantum information platforms—whether and how entanglement can be generated by anyonic braiding. Here, we d

Purpose: To assess the ability of corneal epithelial aberrations to discriminate forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) and keratoconus (KC) from normal eyes. Methods: This prospective, case-control study enrolled 91 right eyes from 91 normal participants, 87 eyes with FFKC and 148 eyes with KC. Epithelial aberrations for the 6-mm pupil were measured using an anterior segment optical coherence tomography

Objective: The European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) has developed clinical practice guidelines for thecare of patients with diseases of the mesenteric and renal arteries and veins, in succession to the first 2017guidelines, with the aim of assisting physicians and patients in selecting the best management strategy.Methods: These guidelines are based on scientific evidence and expert opinio

BACKGROUND: Reliable biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are urgently needed due to diagnostic and prognostic challenges. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize recent evidence on the utility of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for ALS.METHODS: We systematically reviewed studies published from January 1, 2019 to March 25, 2025, that evaluated bloo

There has been a growing interest in how workers in high-carbon industries are impacted by low-carbon transitions and how such transitions can be implemented in a way that is just. This study explores the socio-cultural dimensions of these processes, focusing on the role of identity in shaping workers’ perceptions of low-carbon transitions and their ability to navigate change. It does so through a

Book Review: Waqas H Butt. Life Beyond Waste. Work and Infrastructure in Urban Pakistan. [South Asia in Motion.] Stanford University Press, Stanford (CA) 2023. xx, 225 pp. Ill. Maps. $90.00. (Paper. E-book: $28.00.)

The international humanitarian system has, since the 19th century, been activated during large-scale disasters when the capacities of the affected countries are overwhelmed. It comprises international humanitarian organizations (IHOs) and is funded by a variety of donors. Recently, this system has faced increasing criticism, mainly because of its failure to empower and include local and national a

Birds migrate across the globe on their wings, a behavioural adaptation that allows birds to exploit seasonal environments. Their migrations are ultimately influenced by their ability to fly, a costly but high energy-efficient mode of locomotion that enables birds to travel far distances in a short amount of time. This thesis investigates bird migration from a flight energetic perspective, focusin