Recent studies on parallel evolution have focused on the relative role of selection and historical contingency during adaptive divergence. Here, we study geographically separate and genetically independent lake populations of a freshwater isopod (Asellus aquaticus) in southern Sweden. In two of these lakes, a novel habitat was rapidly colonized by isopods from a source habitat. Rapid phenotypic ch

Direct heterogeneous electron transfer (ET) of sulfite oxidase (SOx), a heme- and molybdopterin cofactor-containing intermembrane enzyme, was studied on alkanethiol-modified Au electrodes both with SOx entrapped between the modified Au electrode and a permselective membrane and with SOx adsorbed at the electrode surface, in the absence of any membrane. SOx in direct electronic communication with t

Contact allergy to herbal teas derived from the Asteraceac plant family was investigated in patients allergic to sesquiterpene lactones (SLs). 20 patients with a known contact allergy to SLs were recalled and patch tested with aqueous extracts of 8 different herbal teas based on Asteraceae plants as well as with parthenolide and other SLs. In 18 of 20 patients with SL allergy, there were positive

An external dc voltage was applied to a cured cement paste to simulate its natural degradation as a function of time. The electrical treatment was monitored in situ by simultaneous acquisition of diffraction patterns every 10 min. The analysis of the diffraction patterns has confirmed that the microstructure of the whole paste changes during the treatment, with precipitation and dissolution of sev

Genital ulceration is today often thought to be caused by herpes simplex. In this case report, a rare differential diagnosis, ulcus vulvae acutum is described, probably caused by Epstein–Barr virus (EB-virus).

A comprehensive on-line sample clean-up with an integrated two-dimensional HPLC system was developed for the analysis of natural peptides. Samples comprised of endogenous peptides with molecular weights up to 20 kDa were generated from human hemofiltrate (HF) obtained from patients with chronic renal failure. The (poly-)peptides were separated using novel silica-based restricted access materials w

Improved understanding of the importance of different surfaces in supporting attached nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria is essential if we are to optimize the N removal capacity of treatment wetlands. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the nitrifying and denitrifying capacity of different surfaces in a constructed treatment wetland and to assess the relative importance of these surf

Using a method whereby molecular and atomic ions are independently selected, an isobarically pure beam of Se-70 ions was postaccelerated to an energy of 206 MeV using REX-ISOLDE. Coulomb-excitation yields for states in the beam and target nuclei were deduced by recording deexcitation gamma rays in the highly segmented MINIBALL gamma-ray spectrometer in coincidence with scattered particles in a sil

Removal of nitrite and nitrate from drinking water has attracted great attention in recent years because of the human health risk induced by the exposure to contaminated groundwater and surface water. We have therefore tested a model nitrite oxidation system by coentrapping the NaNO2 oxidizer Nitrobacter vulgaris with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) copolymer and DEAE-Sephadex in a polyacrylamide gel.

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCTs) are benign lesions of the tendon sheaths that primarily affect the fingers, ankles, or feet. Cytogenetic data have shown that 1p13 is most frequently involved in structural aberrations and that 2q37 is its most common translocation partner. The genes involved in the translocation t(1;2)(p13;q37) were recently identified: the colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1

Alkyl glycosides with long carbohydrate groups are surfactants with attractive properties but they are very difficult to synthesize. Here, a method for extension of the carbohydrate group of commercially available dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside (DDM) is presented. (DDM) was converted to dodecyl-beta-D-maltooctaoside (DDMO) in a single step by using a CGTase as catalyst and alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD)

Floral scent has been suggested to play a key role in the obligate pollination mutualism between yuccas and yucca moths. We analyzed floral fragrance compounds of Yucca elata with headspace collection followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and compared the odor blend with the recently characterized blend of the allopatric Yucca filamentosa. A principal component analysis based on 20

BACKGROUND. The objectives of this study were to determine the maximum tolerable dose (MTD), toxicity, efficacy, and feasibility of a sequential regimen of fixed-dose topotecan (1.00 mg/m(2) on Days 1-5) and increasing doses of oral etoposide (50 mg, 75 mg, and 100 mg on Days 6-12 or Days 6-19) in patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma. METHODS. This multicenter, open-label study was planned as

Bees are predominantly diurnal; only a few groups fly at night. An evolutionary limitation that bees must overcome to inhabit dim environments is their eye type: bees possess apposition compound eyes, which are poorly suited to vision in dim light. Here, we theoretically examine how nocturnal bees Megalopta genalis fly at light levels usually reserved for insects bearing more sensitive superpositi

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling luminescence (STL) have been used to investigate the geometric and optical properties of individual self-assembled InP quantum dots overgrown with a thin layer of GaInP. STL spectra and monochromatic photon maps were used to correlate the surface topography with the optical properties of single quantum dots. We find a spatial resolution of