Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a polygenic disease, and the development of animal models by selective breeding is crucial for understanding its etiology, pathophysiology, complications, and treatments. We recently developed a new T2D model, the Oikawa-Nagao (ON) mouse, by selectively breeding mice with inferior glucose tolerance [diabetes-prone (ON mouse DP®; ON-DP) strain] and superior glucose toleranc

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Background: Endometriosis is one of the most common causes of infertility in women. Despite extensive research on the subject, early-stage diagnosis remains challenging. Histologically, normal endometriosis does not differ from the eutopic endometrium, shifting the focus of investigation to the molecular level.Objective: To assess the immunohistochemical markers ER, PGR, Ki-67, BCL-2, and MMP-9 in

BACKGROUND: Despite absence of level 1 evidence on the long-term oncological safety of non-operative management for rectal cancer (watch and wait), increased implementation has occurred globally over the past decades. In Sweden, a pan-national prospective non-randomized study was initiated in 2017 to assess its implementation.METHOD: Patients with biopsy-proven rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant

This chapter explores the relationship between people and forests during Japan’s Tokuagwa period, focusing on Hirosaki domain in northern Honshu, known for its abundant hiba (thujopsis dolabrata) forests. Timber production thrived in the seventeenth century, but by the eighteenth century, resource depletion prompted forest management policies. The 1783 famine accelerated forest devastation, leadin

BACKGROUND: Inadequate or excessive nociceptive control during general anesthesia can result in significant adverse outcomes. Using traditional clinical variables, such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate, to assess and manage nociceptive responses is often insufficient and could lead to overtreatment with both anesthetics and opioids. This study evaluated the feasibility

Group III-V semiconductor nanowires are a material platform with potential applications in electronics,photovoltaics and optoelectronic devices. One of the central challenges in the growth of III-V semiconductornanowires is to understand the dynamic processes that occur during crystallization. However, the growth of thesematerials is commonly performed in closed systems. There the details of the g

Germline mutations are the ultimate source of genetic diversity, and germline mutation rate is central to evolutionary biology. However, while germline mutations primarily arise during DNA replication in the parental germline and should accumulate with increasing parental age, studies showed that germline mutation rate does not necessarily track germ cell divisions. This suggests that germline mut

Germline mutations (GMs) are the ultimate source of genetic diversity, and germline mutation rate (GMR) isthus central to evolutionary biology. However, while GMs primarily arise during DNA replication in the parentalgermline and should accumulate with increasing parental age, studies showed that GMR does not necessarilytrack germ cell divisions. This suggests that GMR is subjected to selection an

Periodic dredging of harbors and other waterways is carried out to ensure suffi-cient depth for navigation. The Stabilization/Solidification method (S/S) is theglobal approach for improving the geotechnical characteristics and stabilizingpollutions in the low-compressive-strength dredged sediment (DS) for land rec-lamation. For this, different binders, such as cement, fly ash, and slag, are mixedw

Data anonymization has been used as a fundamental tool in various domains, e.g. healthcare, to alter personal data such that individuals can no longer be identified directly or indirectly in a way to enable broader sharing of data. For example, data perturbation techniques add noise to original data allowing individual record confidentiality while maintaining high-quality data for analytical purpo