The rise of scientific inquiry focusing on bilingualism over the past few decades has also borne witness to an increase in the study of individuals and communities who speak a native language that is not the sociolinguistically dominant language of the environment in which they grew up. While it is common practice to refer to these diverse groups and individuals as “heritage speakers”, it is uncle

We study dialectal influence and gender marking in 25 bilectal children and 11 adults speaking Italian and Venetan, based on an elicited production task (EPT) in each of the two varieties. The children are between 5 and 11 years old and vary with respect to their reported use of the dialect at home. The results of the EPT show that the children produce only Italian DPs in the Italian experiment, w

Many water treatment processes used to improve the quality of drinking- and wastewater directly or indirectly affect, or are affected by, the activity of microbes. These activities can improve water quality, presenting sustainable alternatives to mechanical or chemical processes. As water is distributed, it is also changed by microbes. Harnessing the potential of microbes to improve water quality Many water treatment processes used to improve the quality of drinking- and wastewater directly or indirectly affect, or are affected by, the activity of microbes. These activities can improve water quality, presenting sustainable alternatives to mechanical or chemical processes. As water is distributed, it is also changed by microbes. Harnessing the potential of microbes to improve water quality

We introduce empirical work on Romance language acquisition withrespect to the interfaces of syntax with other modules of grammar (internal interfaces)and other domains of cognition (external interfaces). We do so by choosing specificphenomena within the following interfaces: syntax-morphology, syntax-semanticsand syntax-pragmatics. In the domain of syntax-morphology we focus on grammaticalgender,

Vaccination hesitancy is one of the critical threats to public health. The coronavirus disease pandemic reconfirmed that certain groups of populations are more reluctant to vaccinate than others, particularly migrants. This article examines legal obligations related to protecting the right to health in addressing vaccination barriers among newly arrived adult migrants, taking Ukrainians granted te

Language exposure and use (LEU) are widely viewed as key factors in multilingual development, and research highlights the importance of considering not just the frequency and quantity of LEU, but also contextual factors such as when and where a language is used, with whom and why. In this study, we illustrate the complexity of LEU in two contexts (study abroad and migration) by applying sequential

Family disaster planning and preparation demands proactive acknowledgment and accommodation of individuals with disabilities. This study, based on interviews with families including members with disabilities, uncovers insights on information gaps, adaptive strategies, technology use, and support networks. Contributing to disaster and disability studies, resilience, and crisis planning, it highligh

Electric lighting is crucial for the building energy performance of public building, including the educational ones. Electric lighting use is affected by various factors such as natural light availability, building envelope characteristics, and lighting system design. In Europe, lighting designers can use the Lighting Energy Numerical Indicator (LENI) to estimate the energy use for electric lighti

Efflux is one of the mechanisms employed by Gram-negative bacteria to become resistant to routinely used antibiotics. The inhibition of efflux by targeting their regulators is a promising strategy to re-sensitize bacterial pathogens to antibiotics. AcrAB-TolC is the main resistance-nodulation-division efflux pump in Enterobacteriaceae. MarA is an AraC/XylS family global regulator that regulates mo

The winter holidays are a time to celebrate, but can be oppressive for those who cannot. It is therefore important to look after trainees and colleagues who miss their loved ones on Christmas day. [Image: see text]

Residue interaction networks (RINs) provide graph-based representations of interaction networks within proteins, providing important insight into the factors driving protein structure, function, and stability relationships. There exists a wide range of tools with which to perform RIN analysis, taking into account different types of interactions, input (crystal structures, simulation trajectories,

Several enzymes from the metallo-β-lactamase-like family of lactonases (MLLs) degrade N-acyl L-homoserine lactones (AHLs). They play a role in a microbial communication system known as quorum sensing, which contributes to pathogenicity and biofilm formation. Designing quorum quenching (QQ) enzymes that can interfere with this communication allows them to be used in a range of industrial and biomed

The overall significance of loop motions for enzymatic activity is generally accepted. However, it has largely remained unclear whether and how such motions can control different steps of catalysis. We have studied this problem on the example of the mobile active site β1α1-loop (loop1) of the (βα)8-barrel enzyme HisF, which is the cyclase subunit of imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase. Loop1 var

The protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) SHP-1 plays an important role in both immune regulation and oncogenesis. This enzyme is part of a broader family of PTPs that all play important regulatory roles in vivo. Common to these enzymes is a highly conserved aspartic acid (D421 in SHP-1) that acts as an acid/base catalyst during the PTP-catalyzed reaction. This residue is located on a mobile loop, th