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When producing intimidating aggressive vocalizations, humans and other animals often extend their vocal tracts to lower their voice resonance frequencies (formants) and thus sound big. Is acoustic size exaggeration more effective when the vocal tract is extended before, or during, the vocalization, and how do listeners interpret within-call changes in apparent vocal tract length? We compared perce
PURPOSE: To investigate the acute exercise effects of dynamic standing exercise on blood glucose and blood lactate among children and adolescents with cerebral palsy who are nonambulant.METHODS: Twenty-four participants with cerebral palsy who are nonambulant performed 30 minutes of dynamic standing exercise using a motorized device enabling assisted passive movements in an upright weight-bearing
Purpose: To describe the use of assistive devices and postural asymmetries in lying, sitting and standing positions in adults with cerebral palsy, and to analyze postural asymmetries and any associations with their ability to maintain or change position and time in these positions. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on data from the Swedish Cerebral Palsy follow-up program of 1,547 adults aged
PET-CT är baserad på positronemissionstomografi kombinerat med datortomografi. Före en PET-CT-undersökning injiceras ett radioaktivt spårämne (även kallat radiofarmaka) intravenöst i patienten. PET avbildar fördelningen av detta spårämne genom att detektera dess sönderfall. Under de senaste åren har PET-tekniken utvecklats och förbättrats inom hårdvara och mjukvara. Dessutom har nya radioaktiva spThe PET-CT imaging modality is based on positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography. Before a PET-CT examination, a radioactive tracer (also called a radiopharmaceutical) is intravenously injected into the patient. PET technology images the distribution of this tracer element by detecting the decay. In recent years, PET technology has been developed and improved in hardware and
We establish quantitative results for the statistical behaviour of infinite systems. We consider two kinds of infinite system: i) a conservative dynamical system (f, X, µ) preserving a σ-finite measure µ such that µ(X) = ∞; ii) the case where µ is a probability measure but we consider the statistical behaviour of an observable φ: X → [0, ∞) which is non-integrable: R φ dµ = ∞. In the first part of
Purpose: To compare the results of surgery for constant and intermittent exotropia, to determine factors affecting surgical success, and to evaluate the effect of horizontal rectus muscle surgery on distance-near incomitance. Methods: In this retrospective study of 291 Scandinavian patients, inclusion criteria were surgery for constant (n = 101) or intermittent (n = 190) exotropia with no vertical
This article presents how printed media introduced, referred to and used football at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century in Finland. The sources focus on popular press in Swedish that have existed in Finland since the 1820s. The presence of a strong Swedish-speaking minority, access to Scandinavian cultural influeces and historical connections to Sweden made it possib
Cumulative incidence of revision provides a measure of the failure rate of joint replacements and can be used to project demand for revisions. The most commonly applied survival analysis method (Kaplan-Meier [KM]) does not account for competing risks (eg, death). The authors compared the cumulative incidence function (CIF), a competing risks method, with the KM method through application to popula
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor deficits and brain alterations having a detrimental impact on balance, gait, and cognition. Intensive physical exercise can induce changes in the neural system, potentially counteracting neurodegeneration in PD and improving clinical symptoms. Objective: This randomized controlled trial investigated effects of a highly challenging, cog
We study Hinode/EIS observations of an active region taken before, during, and after a small C2.0 flare in order to monitor the evolution of the magnetic field and its relation to the flare event. We find that while the flare left the active region itself unaltered, the event included a large magnetic field enhancement (MFE), which consisted of a large magnetic field strength increase to values ju
The updated H-band spectral-line list (from λ15000-17000) adopted by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) for the SDSS-IV Data Release 16 (DR16) is presented in this work. The APOGEE line list is a combination of atomic and molecular lines, with data drawn from laboratory, theoretical, and astrophysical sources. Oscillator strengths and damping constants are adjusted
Vaccination could be an effective strategy for slowing the spread of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy could pose a serious problem for COVID-19 prevention, due to the spread of misinformation surrounding the ongoing pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes towards the prospective COVID-19 vaccines among the general public in Jordan, Kuw
Once one of the largest saline lakes, the Aral Sea, was recognized as a significant environmental disaster as the water level decreased dramatically. Water level decrease increases water salinity, affecting biodiversity. Exposed lake beds become the source for fine dust picked up by the dust storms and spread across a long distance, affecting people’s health in surrounding areas. This review paper
Root distribution during rice cultivation is a governing factor that considerably affects soil water content (SWC) and root water uptake (RWU). In this study, the effects of activating root growth (using growth function) and assigning a constant average root depth (no growth during simulation) on SWC and RWU for rice cultivation under four deficit drip irrigation treatments (T90, T80, T70, and T60
Although it is vital for organizations to learn in order to be competitive, efficient, and innovative, it is one of the profound organizational dilemmas: organizations understand and have learnt that it is important to learn and yet it is difficult to ensure organizational learning. This is a personal and reflexive note about what I have learnt from research and practice about various attempts to
This paper contributes to close up studies of how members in organizations experience and act in relationship to what is broadly and vaguely referred to as institutionalized structures and practices. Based on a case study about scorecards, a quality control system, it is illustrated that this practice works poorly, because of inconsistent ideas of purpose and functioning. We introduce the concept
This open access book examines the political structures and processes that frame and produce understandings of diversity in and through music education. Recent surges in nationalist, fundamentalist, protectionist and separatist tendencies highlight the imperative for music education to extend beyond nominal policy agendas or wholly celebratory diversity discourses. Bringing together high-level the
