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Interleukin (IL)-33 is an IL-1 family alarmin released from damaged epithelial and endothelial barriers to elicit immune responses and allergic inflammation via its receptor ST2. Serine proteases released from neutrophils, mast cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes have been proposed to process the N-terminus of IL-33 to enhance its activity. Here we report that processing of full length IL-33 can occur

Detailed phenotyping is required to deepen our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind genetic associations. In addition, the impact of potentially modifiable risk factors on disease requires analytical frameworks that allow causal inference. Here, we discuss the characteristics of Recall-by-Genotype (RbG) as a study design aimed at addressing both these needs. We describe two broad scen

Several health benefits have been established for cereal mixed-linkage β-glucan of high molar mass (M), and are said to be attributed to the ability of β-glucan to form viscous slurries in the gut. As no comprehensive understanding exists yet, the characterization of β-glucan solution behavior is crucial. β-Glucan was characterized in terms of M, molecular size and conformation characteristics in

Consider a pattern graph H with l edges, and a host graph G which may contain several occurrences of H. In [15], we claimed that the time complexity of the problems of finding an occurrence of H (if any) in G as well as that of the decision version of the problem are within a multiplicative factor O˜(l3) of the time complexity for the corresponding problem, where the host graph is guaranteed to co

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is widespread, affecting the health of hundreds of millions worldwide. The disease results from the complex interplay of lifestyle factors acting on a backdrop of inherited DNA risk variants. Detecting and understanding biomarkers, whether genotypes or other downstream biological features that dictate a person's phenotypic response to different lifestyle exposures, may have t

A system consisting of a high-pressure tolerant microfluidic glass chip, high-speed absorbance imaging, and image processing has been developed to study rapid dynamic events like pH change in a multiphase flow. The system gives both kinetic and quantitative equilibrated information. By tracking the interactions of aqueous additive mixtures and liquid CO2, at 80 bar and 24 °C, under flow, measureme

Background: Healthy dietary and physical activity behaviours are established early in life where children learn by observing their parents. Therefore, parents can act as role models and influence their children toward a healthier lifestyle. Besides a strong association between parental and child health behaviours, parents also influence their children's health behaviours through socio-cognitive pr

The ability to detect and quantitate biomolecules in complex solutions has always been highly sought-after within natural science; being usedfor the detection of biomarkers, contaminants, and other molecules of interest. A commonly used technique for this purpose is the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), where often one antibody is directed towards a specific target molecule, and a second

The impact of the microbiota on our health is rapidly gaining interest. While several bacteria have been associated with disease, and others being indicated as having a probiotic effect, the individual biomolecules behind these alterations are often not known. A major problem in the study of these factors in vivo is their low abundance in complex environments. We recently identified the first secr

Hypolimnas butterflies (Nymphalidae), commonly known as eggflies, are a popular model system for studying a wide range of ecological questions including mimicry, polymorphism, wing pattern evolution, and Wolbachia-host interactions. The lack of a time-calibrated phylogeny for this group has precluded understanding its evolutionary history. We reconstruct a species-level phylogeny using a nine gene

This study presents measurements of droplet transport inside a rotor-stator mixer under turbulent flow conditions and contributes to the understanding of the droplet breakup phenomenon. The measurements contain unique information on droplet breakup down to the limit of equilibrium droplet size. The experimental setup includes a custom-built rotor-stator mixer that provides optical access to the mi

Maintenance of existing harbors implies regular dredging activities. Where the combined use of dredging and disposal of dredged material on nearby sediment-starved beaches can induce major changes in the beach morphology and generate unexpected impacts in the environment, monitoring becomes a concern. This paper was designed to analyze, interpret and evaluate a set of monitoring data collected alo

Despite the toxicity of mercury (Hg) for organisms in the environment, little is known on its impact on the soil microbiome, especially its chronic effect. Here, we assessed the effects of a long-term contamination of Hg in soils on the bacterial and fungal communities along a gradient of contamination from no to high contamination. Short-term reactions (30 days) of the microbial communities in th

The production and use of transportation fuels can lead to sustainability impacts. Assessing them simultaneously in a holistic way is a challenge. This paper examines methodology for assessing the sustainability performance of products in a more integrated way, including a broad range of social impacts. Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) methodology is applied for this assessment. LSCA of

A challenge in perishable food industry today is variable and unknown food quality caused by different temperature conditions. This sometimes leads to unreliable printed shelf lives (best before dates) and food waste. Hence, temperature monitoring and control along cold food supply chains (FSCs) are essential for maintaining food quality and safety of perishable food products. This paper evaluates

This dissertation examines the determinants and consequences of immigrant-native intermarriage in two Nordic countries, Sweden and Denmark, between 1980 and 2011. An increase in immigration during the second half of the twentieth and early twenty-first century in the countries under study was accompanied by an increase in intermarriage. However, the marriages of natives and some immigrant groups a

I den andra delen av avhandlingen introduceras några konkreta förslag på tillämpningar av paleontologisk kunskap generellt, och forskningsresultat om fossil från Kristianstadsområdet specifikt, som kan användas i undervisning från förskola till gymnasieskola med undervisningsförslag inom de tre områdena; fossil och dinosaurier i förskolan, tidslinjer för utveckling av tidsmedvetenhet samt geovetenThis thesis is thematically divided into two sections: Part1 presents studies related to the palaeoenvironments,palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography of the LateCretaceous (Campanian) faunas from the KristianstadBasin of southern Sweden; Part 2 reports on applicationsof palaeontological research for science education inschools.Part 1 was based on personally conducted fieldworkand biostratigraphical

Stroke causes direct structural damage to local brain networks and indirect functional damage to distant brain regions. Neuroplasticity after stroke involves molecular changes within perilesional tissue that can be influenced by regions functionally connected to the site of injury. Spontaneous functional recovery can be enhanced by rehabilitative strategies, which provides experience-driven cell s