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This introductory chapter provides an overview of seaweed biorefinery opportunities, providing basis for multiple value chains, contributing to nutrition and health of a growing global population, to local job generation and development, to ecosystem services, and not the least to climate change mitigation and adaptation. A unique and rich diversity of the seaweed components provides the basis for
Brown macroalgae constitute 40% of the global production of seaweed, corresponding to approximately 10 million tonnes annually. Traditionally, seaweeds have been the source of hydrocolloids, food, and feed products. Due to possibilities for large-scale farming, brown macroalgae are a biomass with considerable potential for increased utilization. The main constituent polysaccharides, being alginate
Desalination to increase irrigation water supply for agricultural production is becoming important in water scarce regions. While desalination has positive effects on the potential irrigation water quantity and quality, the technique may also be a considered as potential source of groundwater pollution. The present study investigated the effects of desalination wastewater discharge on groundwater
In this study, five MgZnCa alloys with low alloy content and high biocorrosion resistance were investigated during thermomechanical processing. As documented by microhardness and tensile tests, high pressure torsion (HPT)-processing and subsequent heat treatments led to strength increases of up to 250%; as much as about 1/3 of this increase was due to the heat treatment. Microstructural analyses b
Patients undergoing radiotherapy to treat pelvic-organ cancer are commonly advised to follow a restricted fiber diet. However, reducing dietary fiber may promote gastrointestinal inflammation, eventually leading to deteriorated intestinal health. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of dietary fiber on radiation-induced inflammation. C57BL/6J male mice were fed a High-oat bran diet
Many fathers suffer from burdening depressive symptoms in the period after the birth of their child (postnatal depression [PND]). In mothers, attachment insecurity has been empirically linked to the development and maintenance of postpartum depression, but its role in father PND is not well understood. The present study investigated the link between attachment insecurity and paternal depressive sy
In the latest World Tourism Barometer, UNWTO (2020) predicts that global tourism could decline by up to 80% this year. While many tourism-dependent economies in Europe are currently suffering from under-tourism, the heated debate between tourism developers and local stakeholders about adverse impacts of over-tourism is likely to reignite even stronger once the inrush of tourists returns. As a resu
Previous studies in developing Xenopus and zebrafish reported that the phosphate transporter slc20a1a is expressed in pronephric kidneys. The recent identification of SLC20A1 as a monoallelic candidate gene for cloacal exstrophy further suggests its involvement in the urinary tract and urorectal development. However, little is known of the functional role of SLC20A1 in urinary tract development. H
Animal tissue requires low-oxygen conditions for its maintenance. The need for low-oxygen conditions contrasts with the idea of an evolutionary leap in animal diversity as a result of expanding oxic conditions. To accommodate tissue renewal at oxic conditions, however, vertebrate animals and vascular plants demonstrate abilities to access hypoxia. Here, I argue that multicellular organisms sustain
The thermal structure of a protoplanetary disc is regulated by the opacity that dust grains provide. However, previous works have often considered simplified prescriptions for the dust opacity in hydrodynamical disc simulations, for example, by considering only a single particle size. In the present work, we perform 2D hydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary discs where the opacity is self-co
We discuss the associated cc¯ and bb¯ quark pairs production in the double-parton scattering (DPS) process in ultraperipheral (UPCs) AA collisions. We derive an analogue of the inclusive DPS pocket formula and the photon-energy dependent effective cross section considering an overlap between the hard SPS scatterings. We provide numerical predictions for the DPS cross sections for the cc¯ bb¯ produ
Most flying animals rely primarily on visual cues to coordinate and control their trajectory when landing. Studies of visually guided landing typically involve animals that decrease their speed before touchdown. Here, we investigate the control strategy of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona depilis, which instead accelerates when landing on its narrow hive entrance. By presenting artificial targets t
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with an often complex component identifiable by genome-wide association studies. The most recent large-scale PD genome-wide association studies have identified more than 90 independent risk variants for PD risk and progression across more than 80 genomic regions. One major challenge in current genomics is the identification of the
In this work we calculate the cross sections for the hadroproduction of a single top quark or antiquark in association with a Higgs (tHj) or Z boson (tZj) at NLO QCD+EW accuracy. In the case of tZj production we consider both the case of the Z boson undecayed and the complete final state tℓ+ℓ−j, including off-shell and non-resonant effects. We perform our calculation in the five-flavour-scheme (5F
