The common missense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) K121Q in the ectoenzyme nucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase (ENPP1) gene has recently been associated with type 2 diabetes in Italian, U.S., and South-Asian populations. A three-SNP haplotype, including K121Q, has also been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in French and Austrian populations. We set out to confirm these find

Time-domain and frequency-domain spectroscopic experiments have been performed on the (4ppi)L(1)Pi, v = 0 Rydberg state in three isotopomers of carbon monoxide. Accurate values for the excited state lifetimes of the f-parity components have been determined: tau((CO)-C-12-O-16) = 1.08 +/- 0.05 ns, tau((CO)-C-13-O-16) = 72 +/- 10 ps and tau((CO)-C-13-O-18) = 29 +/- 6 ps. The spectral resolution in t

Survey data on breeding wader densities and grazing intensity on coastal meadows on the Baltic island of Öland from 1988, 1998 and 2003 were used to evaluate density and density-changes of four common and widespread wader species, lapwing Vanellus vanellus, redshank Tringa totanus, oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus and ringed plover Charadrius hiaticula in relation to grazing intensity. Populati

Upregulation of endothelin B (ETB) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B (5-HT1B) receptors via transcription has been found after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and this is associated with enhanced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( ERK1/2). In the present study, we hypothesized that inhibition of ERK1/2 alters the ETB and 5-H

The crystal structures of zinc(II) and cadmium(II) sulphides are not affected by the stoichiometry of metal and sulphide ions at the precipitation of the two compounds. The composition and structure of the ultimate surface layers, and thereby the chemical properties of the particles, are on the other hand sensitive to the stoichiometry at the preparation. Chemisorbed ethylxanthate complexes are fo

Wave propagators are introduced for transient wave propagation in a general one-dimensional medium. The definition of wave propagators is based upon a wave splitting technique. Several properties for the propagators are given and the relations between the method of propagators and the invariant imbedding method and the Green function approach are discussed.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under kvartärtiden (den geologiska period som omfattar de senaste ca 2,6 miljoner åren) har klimatet på Jorden varierat dramatiskt. Långa perioder (ca 100 000 år) av istid med stora inlandsisar som täckte Skandinavien, Ryssland, Sibirien, Grönland och Nordamerika har periodiskt avbrutits av kortare perioder (ca 10 000 år) av varmare klimat, så kallade interglacialer. HoThe aim of this thesis was to study annually laminated (varved) Holocene lake sediment in Sweden, their formation and their potential as chronological and palaeoecological archives. Five lakes with continuous Holocene varved lake sediment sequences in northern (Västerbotten) and west central Sweden (Värmland) were investigated. Three of these sequences were discovered during this study, which iden

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna lilla skrift behandlar ett område inom fysiken som kallas högenergetisk tungjonsfysik. Kort förklarat betyder detta att vi studerar kärnmateria under extrema förhållanden, såsom höga temperaturer och höga tryck. För att åstadkomma dessa, kolliderar vi bly- och guldkärnor med mycket höga energier vid partikelacceleratorer, i USA (New York) och i Schweiz (Geneve). NThis thesis is about high energy heavy ion physics. Two major experiments, the WA98 at CERN and the PHENIX at Brookhaven National Laboratory, are described. Results from data analysis from both experiments are presented. The WA98 chapter presents particle identification methods and phi-meson measurements. A procedure for calculating efficiency maps for tracking chambers is discussed. The PHENIX ch

Physical activities such as long-distance running can form a habit and might be related to drug-induced addictive behaviors. We investigated possible modulations of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits during voluntary wheel running in brain regions implicated in reward and addiction. It was observed that Lewis rats progressively increased their amount of daily running, reaching maximum l

Purpose: The beneficial effects of antimuscarinics on detrusor overactivity and overactive bladder syndrome are exerted during bladder filling, when there is no parasympathetic outflow from the spinal cord. We tested the hypothesis that, if tolterodine exerts some of its effects on afferent nerves, the functional elimination of C-fiber afferents should affect the actions of the drug on urodynamic

A systematic review of radiation therapy trials in several tumour types was performed by The Swedish Council of Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU). The procedures for evaluation of the scientific literature are described separately (Acta Oncol 2003; 42: 357-365). This synthesis of the literature on radiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas (STS) is based on data from five randomized trial