We upscaled FLUXNET observations of carbon dioxide, water, and energy fluxes to the global scale using the machine learning technique, model tree ensembles (MTE). We trained MTE to predict site-level gross primary productivity (GPP), terrestrial ecosystem respiration (TER), net ecosystem exchange (NEE), latent energy (LE), and sensible heat (H) based on remote sensing indices, climate and meteorol

The European Randomised study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) has shown significant reductions in prostate cancer mortality after 9 years and 11 years of follow-up, but screening is controversial because of adverse events such as overdiagnosis. We provide updated results of mortality from prostate cancer with follow-up to 2010, with analyses truncated at 9, 11, and 13 years.

Aims: The neurotransmitter Neuropeptide Y (NPY) was previously reported as a minor autoantigen in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The single nucleotide polymorphism at rs16139 (T1128C, L7P) in the NPY gene was associated with an increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to develop a radiobinding assay for NPY-L (Leucine) and NPY-P (Proline) autoantibodie

We attempt to provide direct evidence for the suggested behavior of dendronized polymers as molecular objects (i.e., single shape persistent macromolecules). For this purpose, the microscopic structure of dendronized polymers adsorbed onto mica has been investigated using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the shape of the second to fourth generation dendronized polymers is bas

This article presents one example of how masculinity and hierarchy are exercised through violence in organizations. It draws on the empirical data of 15 episodes from the US reality television series Hell’s Kitchen, in which 15 cooks compete for the job of Chef in one of celebrity chef Gordon Ramsay’s restaurants. Ramsay’s task is to lead the cooks towards a hegemonic masculinity valid in the rest

Identifying the genes that underlie phenotypic variation in natural populations, and assessing the consequences of polymorphisms at these loci for individual fitness are major objectives in evolutionary biology. Yet, with the exception of a few success stories, little progress has been made, and our understanding of the link between genotype and phenotype is still in its infancy. For example, alth

Background: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is released in response to inflammatory stimuli, and plasma levels are associated with long-term outcomes. The ischemia/reperfusion injury caused by cardiac arrest (CA) and resuscitation triggers an inflammatory response. This pilot study aimed at investigating suPAR levels in relation to outcome after CA and mild induced hypothe

Several animal studies indicate that mercury is a male reproductive toxicant, but human studies are few and contradictory. We examined semen characteristics and serum levels of reproductive hormones in relation to environmental exposure to mercury. Blood and semen samples were collected from 529 male partners of pregnant women living in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine between May 2002 and February 2

The aim of this study was to increase patients' adherence to the treatment of hypertension through the consultation training of nurses. Thirty-three nurses were included in the study. In the intervention group (IG), 19 nurses took part in a 3-day residential training course on the Stages of Change model, Motivational Interviewing and guidelines for cardiovascular prevention, and recruited 153 pati

Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis is a cause of infections related to peritoneal dialysis (PD). We have used a PD catheter flow-cell model in combination with confocal scanning laser microscopy and atomic force microscopy to study biofilm formation by S. epidermidis. Adherence to serum-coated catheters was four times greater than to uncoated ones, suggesting that S. epidermidis binds

It has been demonstrated that apolipoprotein M (APOM) is a vasculoprotective constituent of high density lipoprotein (HDL), which could be related to the anti-atherosclerotic property of HDL. Investigation of regulation of APOM expression is of important for further exploring its pathophysiological function in vivo. Our previous studies indicated that expression of APOM could be regulated by plate

A Certified Reference Material (CRM) for radionuclides in seaweed (Fucus vesiculosus) from the Baltic Sea (IAEA-446) is described and the results of the certification process are presented. The K-40, Cs-132, U-234 and Pu239+240 radionuclides were certified for this material, and information values for 12 other radionuclides (Sr-90, Tc-99, Pb-210 (Po-210), Ra-226, Ra-228, Th-228, Th-230, Th-232, U-

The static posture of postal workers when sorting mail can lead to musculoskeletal discomfort. Research has shown a connection between eyestrain and upper-body musculoskeletal discomfort in general, including postal workers. A previous study of postal workers found that most of those with eye strain were in need of a new correction in their existing spectacles.

Objective: This multiple case study investigated support and process in the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) approach from individual client, longitudinal and Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model perspectives. Participants: Five IPS-participants, or cases, with severe mental illness (SMI) who worked a minimum of 4 hours a week entered the study. Methods: A multiple data collectio

RATIONALE: The alveolar pathology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves antigen-driven immune events. However, the induction sites of alveolar adaptive immune responses have remained poorly investigated. OBJECTIVES: To explore the hypothesis that interfaces between the alveolar lumen and lymphoid aggregates (LAs) provide a structural basis for increased alveolar antigen uptake i

We show that dipolar bosons and fermions confined in a quasi-one-dimensional ring trap exhibit a rich variety of states because their interaction is inhomogeneous. For purely repulsive interactions, with increasing strength of the dipolar coupling there is a crossover from a gaslike state to an inhomogeneous crystal-like one. For small enough angles between the dipoles and the plane of the ring, t

Cognitive reserve helps mitigate the impact of pathology on the clinical expression of dementia. Education and occupational complexity are considered as contributors to reserve, although it has been argued that cognitive reserve is likely formed over the life-course. A life-course model of cognitive reserve in dementia risk has not yet been tested. We apply a life-course model and examine if schoo

INTRODUCTION: Population-based randomised controlled trials (RCT) have shown that invitation to biennial screening with faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) during 10 or more years reduced colorectal cancer-specific mortality. These results have stimulated plans to introduce mass screening in various countries; however, none of these trials has been able to show any reduction of total mortality, whi

This paper examines the existence of a mortality penalty for illegitimate abandoned infants in the Foundling Hospital of Madrid, La Inclusa, during the period 1890-1935, in the context of the mortality experience of the city. A rich dataset on the life histories of all infants abandoned in the city of Madrid (almost 60,000 children), nominally linked to births, has allowed the study of the determi