„White biotechnology“- the third and latest wave of biotechnology - is aiming to replace the well-established C2/C3 chemistry based on oil and gas by biological processes. The backbone of biotechnology is the conversion by fermentation which is widely established in the production of antibiotics, enzymes, bioethanol and organic acids. One of the key concepts related to “white biotechnology” are so

Every living organism is made up of cells, the smallest structural and functional unit of life. These organisms can further be classified on the basis of cell number as single-cell or multi-cell organism. Over time these primitive organisms have evolved leading to the formation of more complex machinery in higher organism. While it is tough and tedious to calculate the exact number of cells in theWater is an essential compoment of every living orgamism and forms a major part of the human body. Regulated water transport is crucial for proper cell functioning and body homeostasis. Cell, the smallest structural and functional unit of life, uses specialized water conducting pores made up of proteins to transport water across the plasma membrane by facilitated diffusion.The discovery of one of

1. IntroductionThe third and latest wave of biotechnology is the so called „white biotechnology“ aiming to replace the C2/C3 chemistry based on oil and gas by biological processes. The backbone of biotechnology is the conversion by fermentation which is widely established in the production of antibiotics, enzymes, bioethanol and organic acids. In the past, fermentation processes had to partly comp

Biorefineries are integrated biotech facilities aiming on full utilization of feedstock for the simultaneous production of e.g. food, biofuels and biochemicals. This presentation will provide an overview supported by case and application studies on the integration of membrane processes into biorefineries. Starting with the pre-treatment of the raw material e.g. wood biomass or starch, micro- (MF)

Champs d'étoiles is a musical suite that builds on texts and thoughts on the pilgrimage as a quest for deeper insights into the timeless mystery of being human. The work is also about musical timelessness. I have always been deeply fascinated by the music and instruments from the Renaissance and Baroque eras and this work is about new music for period instruments. The close collaboration with the

Since the first description of microRNAs (miRNAs) in 1993 (1) a large and growing number of studies has explored their roles across a variety of biomedical research disciplines, including lung biology. According to GENCODE (version 27) (2), 1881 of the >7,500 human small non-coding RNAs are miRNAs. These 20–25 nucleotide-long, regulatory RNAs are involved in the translational regulation of gene ex

The aim of the study was to explore trajectories of breathlessness intensity by function and life-limiting illness diagnosis in the last 3 weeks of life in palliative care patients. A prospective, consecutive cohort study obtained point-of-care data of patients of Silver Chain Hospice Care Service (Perth, Australia) over the period 2011–2014 (n=6801; 51494 data-points). Breathlessness intensity (0

Lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic characteristic of colorectal cancer. Carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA was shown to detect tumor cells that have disseminated to lymph nodes of colorectal cancer patients and to be at least as good as the hematoxylin and eosin method to predict survival in colorectal cancer patients. CXCL17 was recently shown to be ectopically expressed i

Data from the SDSS-IV/Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2) have been released as part of SDSS Data Releases 13 (DR13) and 14 (DR14). These include high-resolution H-band spectra, radial velocities, and derived stellar parameters and abundances. DR13, released in 2016 August, contained APOGEE data for roughly 150,000 stars, and DR14, released in 2017 August, added about

Species from the genus Phytophthora are well represented among organisms causing serious diseases on trees. Phytophthora plurivora has been implicated in long-term decline of woodland trees across Europe. Here we present a draft genome sequence of P. plurivora, originally isolated from diseased European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in Malmö, Sweden. When compared with other sequenced Phytophthora speci

Importance: Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) may progress to clinical Alzheimer disease (AD), remain stable, or revert to normal. Earlier progression to AD among patients who were β-amyloid positive vs those who were β-amyloid negative has been previously observed. Current research now accepts that a combination of biomarkers could provide greater refinement in the assessmen

The data and analysis methodology used for the SDSS/APOGEE Data Releases 13 and 14 are described, highlighting differences from the DR12 analysis presented in Holtzman et al. Some improvement in the handling of telluric absorption and persistence is demonstrated. The derivation and calibration of stellar parameters, chemical abundances, and respective uncertainties are described, along with the ra

Recent revisions to the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease (AD†) incorporated conceptual advances in the field. Specifically, AD is now recognized to encompass a continuum, spanning from preclinical (accruing brain pathology in the absence of symptoms) through symptomatic predementia (prodromal AD, mild cognitive impairment) and dementia phases. The role of biological markers (biomarkers)

Aims. We report 20 new lithium-rich giants discovered within the Gaia-ESO Survey, including the first Li-rich giant with an evolutionary stage confirmed by CoRoT (Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits) data. We present a detailed overview of the properties of these 20 stars. Methods. Atmospheric parameters and abundances were derived in model atmosphere analyses using medium-resolution GIRAF

The Chinese population is rapidly aging, which has brought challenges for the elderly support system. Until very recently, only urban employees were eligible to receive a pension, while the rural elderly were forced to rely on income from their own labor and support from their family. In these circumstances, it is unsurprising that the rural elderly were most likely to fall into poverty. The recen