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Background: Adverse skin reactions to continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and devices for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions (CSIIs) (“diabetes medical devices” (MDs)) are well known. However, epidemiological studies on prevalence and skin rash details are lacking. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and details of skin rash to diabetes MDs in adults with type 1 diabet
Alterations in mitochondrial metabolism in obesity may indicate disrupted communication between mitochondria and nucleus, and DNA methylation may influence this interplay. Here, we leverage data from the Finnish Twin Cohort study subcohort (n = 173; 86 full twin pairs, 1 singleton), including comprehensive measurements of obesity-related outcomes, mitochondrial DNA quantity and nuclear DNA methyla
Diagnosing sepsis in critical care remains a challenge due to the lack of gold-standard diagnostics. Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) has been proposed as a diagnostic marker to identify sepsis in critically ill patients. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) to distinguish between sepsis and non-sepsis on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Admissio
Objective: The primary aim of this study was to explore the lessons learned from implementing a procedure of resuscitation and stabilization with an intact umbilical cord for preterm and term infants requiring resuscitation or stabilization during emergency caesarean sections. Methods: Data were collected by two focus group discussions and one individual interview. Participants were members of imp
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with an enormous burden of disease and cost to society. The dopamine deficiency hypothesis posits that negative reinforcement generated by a low brain dopamine state drives ethanol intake. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of combined administration of two dopamine-enhancing drugs, varenicline (a partial nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
The human cathelicidin LL-37 is active against both bacteria and viruses, but it also shows immunomodulatory properties. Here, we assess the impact of LL-37 on viral signaling in human airway epithelial BEAS-2B cells infected with the respiratory pathogen rhinovirus (RV). We show that LL-37 (4 μM) enhances RV-induced expression of interferon β (IFNβ) transcript and reduces viral-load. LL-37-evoked
Introduction: The climate and biodiversity crises are interconnected, unprecedented, existential threats that cause disturbing emotions, such as anxiety, grief, and anger. While there is increasing research about antecedents and outcomes of such eco-emotions, less is known about how to cope with them constructively, to benefit both mental health and pro-environmental action. Objectives: This study
Background: Gambling disorder severely impacts the affected individual's daily life and is considered to be a major public health issue. Gambling disorder may be a risk factor for suicidal behavior, but matched case-control studies are few. This study aims to explore suicidal behavior, and risk factors for it, among patients with GD in comparison with age- and gender-matched controls. Methods: Thi
Prediction of incident macrovascular events (iMEs) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains suboptimal. We aim to discover blood-based epigenetic biomarkers predicting iMEs in 752 newly diagnosed individuals with T2D, among whom 102 developed iMEs during follow-up. 461 DNA methylation sites, e.g., near ARID3A, GATA5, HDAC4, IRS2, and TMEM51, associate with iMEs. Using cross-validation, a
Background World economies increasingly rely on non-standard employment arrangements, which has been linked to ill health. While work and employment conditions are recognized structural determinants of health and health equity, policies aiming to protect workers from negative implications predominantly focus on standard employment arrangements and the needs of workers in non-standard employment ma
This thesis discusses the use of standards in land-use planning risk management regulations. Based on exploring the domains of standards and standardisation, risk science, and risk management regulations, the research contributes significant empirical evidence capturing the perspectives of risk managementpractitioners in terms of the strengths, the weaknesses and the effects of using standards in
Background: The use of unique national personal identification numbers (PIN) for linkage of medical records across health facilities and population-based studies is limited in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. The disintegration of healthcare research with different participant identifiers creates methodological challenges in linking data from multiple sources to answer a diverse range of policy
OBJECTIVE: Patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer are traditionally followed by repeat cystoscopy and urine cytology. A fluorescence in situ hybridisation technique called UroVysion((R)) (UV) is now available for clinical diagnosis of urothelial cancer cells. The aim of the present study was to compare UV analysis with routine follow-up methods. METHODS: We studied an unselected cohort o
Background and purpose Few economic or quality-of-life studies have investigated the long-term consequences of fragility fractures. This prospective observational data collection study assessed the cost and quality of life related to hip, vertebral, and wrist fracture 13-18 months after the fracture, based on 684 patients surviving 18 months after fracture. Patients and methods Data regarding reso
Signalling through gap junctions contributes to control insulin secretion and, thus, blood glucose levels. Gap junctions of the insulin-producing β-cells are made of connexin 36 (Cx36), which is encoded by the GJD2 gene. Cx36-null mice feature alterations mimicking those observed in type 2 diabetes (T2D). GJD2 is also expressed in neurons, which share a number of common features with pancreatic β-
BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles accumulate in the arterial wall and become oxidized during atherogenesis, leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. The major protein of the LDL particle, apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100), becomes fragmented during oxidation and a target for the immune system. METHODS: In this study we used in situ ellipsometry to monitor the adsorption
