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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has eight genotypes which have distinct geographical distributions. Studies comparing differences in the clinical outcomes of infections caused by strains with genotype-related variations in the HBV genome have largely compared genotypes B and C and genotypes A and D but not all four genotypes. The present study included 196 HBV-infected patients attending an infectious dis
Aims Patients with a history of atrial fibrillation (AF) have previously been shown to have altered atrial conduction, as seen non-invasively using signal-averaged P-wave analysis. However, little is known about the P-wave morphology in patients in the early phases of AF with structurally normal hearts. Methods and results Thirty-six patients with lone AF were included before the age of 40 years (
The master thesis was done at QPharma to investigate a processing problem during production of tablets, where an excessive volume expansion during dry mixing of three ingredients occurred from time to time. A volume expansion (dilation) is needed for particles, within a powder, to become mixed with other particles. However, the extent of the dilation is dependent on intermolecular forces between p
Developing bones can be severely impaired by a range of disorders where muscular loading is abnormal. Recent work has indicated that the effects of absent skeletal muscle on bones are more severe early in development, with rudiment length and mineralization lengths being almost normal in muscle-less limbs just prior to birth. However, the impact of abnormal mechanical loading on the nanoscale stru
Evacuation models can be reliably used if they are sufficiently validated for the application in question (e.g. Fire Safety Engineering). To be useful, an evacuation model should therefore be an accurate enough representation of the real-world behaviour of evacuees. The scope of this work was to determine how accurately the model crowd:it (making use of the Optimal Steps Model) provides a represen
Background: Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a cardiovascular autonomic disorder characterized by orthostatic intolerance and high prevalence among young women. The etiology of POTS is uncertain, though autoimmunity and inflammation may play an important role. We aimed to identify novel inflammatory biomarkers associated with POTS. Methods and Results: In the Syncope Study of Un
In Sweden, almost half of the electricity produced comes from hydropower. However, the amount of water in the reservoir catchments is not evenly distributed throughout the year. During the colder months, precipitation usually falls as snow and accumulates into a snowpack. This frozen water is not available to the energy producers until the spring snow melt when as much as 70% of the annual dischar
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein produced by the prostate gland. It occurs in several molecular forms in the blood and assays have been developed to measure free PSA and PSA in complex with alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT). Higher proportions of free PSA (PSA-F/T) in blood are found in subjects with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as compared to cancer patients. Utilizing imm
Objective. Transforming growth factor 13 (TGF)3) plays a key role in the onset and resolution of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to delineate the precise function of TGF beta signaling in salivary gland inflammation. Methods. We impaired TGF beta signaling in mouse salivary glands by conditionally inactivating expression of TGF beta receptor type I (TGF beta
BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are thought to play a prominent role in atherogenesis and destabilization of plaque. Pericellularly localized membrane-type (MT)-MMPs activate secreted MMPs. We investigated the hypothesis that MT3-MMP is expressed in human atherosclerotic plaques and is regulated by locally produced inflammatory cytokines and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL).
An unbalanced chromosome number (aneuploidy) is present in most malignant tumours and has been attributed to mitotic mis-segregation of chromosomes. However, recent studies have shown a relatively high rate of chromosomal mis-segregation also in non-neoplastic human cells, while the frequency of aneuploid cells remains low throughout life in most normal tissues. This implies that newly formed aneu
BACKGROUND: Chemo- and radiotherapy (RT) is standard treatment for patients with high-grade glioma, but may cause side-effects on the patient's cognitive function.AIM: Use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate the longitudinal changes in normal-appearing brain tissue in glioblastoma patients undergoing modern arc-based RT with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) or helical tomothera
Tests were done measuring resistivity and time domain induced polarisation using standard multi-core cable spreads and a special layout with separate cable spreads for transmitting current and measuring potentials. For both types of cables spreads both normal and reciprocal measurements were done in order to estimate the measurement errors. The tests were done on a former landfill in Lund in Swede
Results of dedicated Monte Carlo simulations of beam-induced background (BIB) in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented and compared with data recorded in 2012. During normal physics operation this background arises mainly from scattering of the 4 TeV protons on residual gas in the beam pipe. Methods of reconstructing the BIB signals in the ATLAS detector, developed
The third cumulant for the aggregated multivariate claims is considered. A formula is presented for the general case when the aggregating variable is independent of the multivariate claims. Two important special cases are considered. In the first one, multivariate skewed normal claims are considered and aggregated by a Poisson variable. The second case is dealing with multivariate asymmetric gener
When testing for unit roots using the Dickey-Fuller test, the presence of structural breaks can cause serious size distortions to the test. Previous research has suggested two modified tests, the weighted symmetric and the recursively mean-adjusted test, that has robust size properties even in the presence of a structural break. However, recent findings have shown that the power of the two modifie
A basic intrusion (approximate1y 18 km2) occurs in southeastern Värmland about 20 km southeast of Kristinehamn. A few thin dikes of the basite penetrates the surrounding Filipstad granite. Adjacent to the basite the granite is magnetite- and garnetbearing and also secondary hypersthene and spinel are found in the granite. These observations indicate that the basite is postgranitic. The basite vari
Objective: No method has yet been established to summarise different objective indicators of social outcomes into one score. The study aimed to develop and test a simple, brief and meaningful index of social outcomes that can be used across a broad range of mental health studies and is potentially obtainable from routine documentation. Method: An index capturing employment, accommodation and livin
Evaluating the effect of measurement errors on either adaptive or simultaneous control charts has been a topic of interest for the researchers in the recent years. Nevertheless, the effect of measurement errors on both adaptive and simultaneous monitoring control charts has not been considered yet. In this paper, through extensive numerical studies, we evaluate the effect of measurement errors on
In developing heterotopic bone in the rat, induced by allogeneic bone matrix, we immunohistochemically detected nerves containing substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). After 10 days they were dicernible amidst differentiating chondroblastoid cells in fibrous tissue around and within the
