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The structural properties of a system of ionic microgels under the influence of an alternating electric field are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. This combined investigation aims to shed light on the structural transitions that can be induced by changing either the driving frequency or the strength of the applied field, which range from string-like formation along the field to

Curvature in lipid-based biomembranes provides compartmentalization in cells and can act as regulator of biological activity in living systems. The study of these biomembranes require novel model systems and new methods. In this work I have used a supported phospholipid bilayer on a hexagonal array of silicon nanowires. The nanowires impose curvature on the supported lipid bilayer and the resultin

The mechanisms behind target vs. host cell recognition of the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 remain ill-defined. Here, we have investigated the membrane disruption capacity of LL-37 using large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) composed of varying mixtures of POPC, POPG and cholesterol to mimic target and host membranes respectively. We show that LL-37 is unable to induce leakage of entrapped calcein

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det endoplasmatiska retiklet (ER) är nödvändigt för proteinsyntes och posttranslationell proteinmodifiering. ER är också iblandat i cellstress och utgör den största intracellulära kalciumkällan i nervceller. Neuronalt ER bildar ett kontinuerligt nätverk som består av dels rörliknande förbindelser (tubules) och större cisterner. Att nätverket utgör en kontinuerlig lumen The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for protein synthesis and protein maturation, is involved in cell stress and serves in neurons as the major intracellular Ca2+ store. Neuronal ER forms a continuous network of cisterns and tubules extending from soma to a subset of dendritic spines. The continuity of ER structure is important for maintaining ER basic functions and necessary for proteins an

In insects, olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are located in cuticular sensilla, that are present on the antennae and on the maxillary palps. Their axons project into spherical neuropil, the glomeruli, which are characteristic structures in the primary olfactory center throughout the animal kingdom. ORNs in insects often respond specifically to single odor compounds. The projection patterns of the

Viral vector-mediated gene transfer has emerged as a powerful means to target transgene expression in the central nervous system. Here we characterized the efficacy of serotypes 1 and 5 recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) after stereotaxic delivery to the neonatal rat and minipig striatum. The efficiency of GFP expression and the phenotype of

Popular Abstract in English 111-Indium is a radioactive isotope that can be chemically linked to different molecules. When this compound is given to patients is distributed heterogeneously within the structures that build up the testicle. Different parts of the so-called germ cells are sensitive to radiation in different ways. Therefore, if a radioisotope that send out electrons with low energies It is well known that the testicles are among the most radiosensitive tissue, and constitute an important critical target for both external and internal radiation during diagnostic and therapeutic use of radionuclides. In systemic radionuclide therapy where very high activities are administered, the testis may become a dose-limiting organ; often with a complex, non-uniform activity distribution an

Hypothesis: Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DX) is widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent, though its severe side-effects limit its clinical use. A way to overcome these limitations is to increase DX latency through encapsulation in suitable carriers. However, DX has a high solubility in water, hindering encapsulation. The formulation of DX with sodium cholate (NaC) will reduce aqueous solubility thro

Background: The bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) is a congenital malformation of the bladder and urethra. The underlying causes of this malformation are still largely unknown; however, aside from environment, genetics is thought to play an essential role. The recurrent 22q11.2 microduplication is the most persistently detected genetic aberration found in BEEC cases. Methods: We performe

The quality of powder is determined by its functionality such as dissolution, encapsulation and flowability. The functionality of powder is in turn determined by their primary properties such as morphology and composition which need to be studied. Hence morphology and surface composition has been largely investigated in spray dried powders and individually dried particles. On the contrary, there i

The activation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor 56 (GPR56), also referred to as Adhesion G-Protein-Coupled Ceceptor G1 (ADGRG1), by Collagen Type III (Coll III) prompts cell growth, proliferation, and survival, among other attributes. We investigated the signaling cascades mediating this functional effect in relation to the mitochondrial outer membrane voltage-dependent anion Channel-1 (VDAC1) expres

We report on the influence of selected components and their mixtures on the development of the morphology during drying of single droplets and extend the results to the morphology of whole milk powder particles. Sessile single droplet drying and acoustic levitation methods were employed to study single droplet drying. The influence of carbohydrates (lactose and maltodextrin DE12) and proteins (mic

Popular Abstract in English In our society powder is found to be a common state of material. Indeed, the powder state is found to be convenient to store and transport large quantities of material. One of the major techniques to produce powder is spray drying, also for thermally sensitive materials such as foods and pharmaceuticals. In spray drying a liquid is vaporized into a hot air stream, whichSpray drying is a preferred method to produce dry powder of thermally sensitive materials such as food and pharmaceuticals. Drying conditions and formulation determine primary properties such as morphology and composition that finally provide functionality such as dissolution, encapsulation and flowability. Even though spray drying is a well-established method to produce dry powder numerous challe

Microencapsulation by spray drying of oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions provides a means to encapsulate functional lipophilic ingredients. The active ingredient is dispersed in continuous solid phase providing protection. However, the encapsulation efficiency depends on the microstructure and morphology of the dry particles influenced by several mechanisms occurring during processing such as oil drople

Several millions of people worldwide are affected by bowel diseases and necessitate gastrointestinal surgery. Anastomosis is the union of two healthy ends of the bowel achieved by suture or stapling. One of the most feared complications after surgery are anastomotic leaks which occur in around 10 % of patients. The unintended breakdown of the newly created connection can lead to leakage of digesti

Powder structure and functionality are expected to be closely linked to the composition and drying process. In order to understand the optimization of the quality of a powder, e.g. encapsulation efficiency, or wetting and dispersion properties, monitoring of the particle microstructure is an attractive concept. However, to study the impact of different parameters in formulation and drying process