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AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: High birthweight and increased childhood growth are risk factors for type 1 diabetes. Relative birthweight is associated with HLA genotypes that confer a high risk of diabetes. Our aims were to test whether young children prior to clinical onset of type 1 diabetes have increased: (1) birthweight or birth length standard deviation scores (SDS); (2) height development SDS; or (3) BM

The fictitious crack model is a non-linear fracture mechanics representation which has been well known and generally accepted for application to concrete fracture for about 10 years. It is a general model which in principle is applicable to all kinds of materials. At present, however, practical and numerical difficulties prevent its application to many types of materials, particularly to metals. I

A large proportion of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain uncontrolled on basal insulin. Yet, there is limited understanding of how people with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (PWUD) perceive control and insulin intensification and whether their perceptions differ from those of physicians. The purpose of the study was to investigate perceptions of control and views on insulin intensification amo

This is a further development of a specific questionnaire, the 3-set 4P, to be used for measuring former ICU patients' physical and psychosocial problems after intensive care and the need for follow-up. The aim was to psychometrically test and evaluate the 3-set 4P questionnaire in a larger population. The questionnaire consists of three sets: "physical", "psychosocial" and "follow-up". The questi

BACKGROUND: The reoperation rate after recurrent groin hernia surgery is more than twice that recorded for primary groin hernia procedures. The aim was to define the outcome from routine redo hernia surgery by analysing a large population-based cohort from a national hernia register. METHODS: All recurrent groin hernia operations registered in the Swedish Hernia Register from 1992 to 2008 were ana

The protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) receptors and cytosolic signaling proteins as well as the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have important roles in regulation of growth of the benign and malignant prostate gland. Here we studied expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in prostate cancer cell lines and in human prostatic tissues. SHP-1 is expressed at a high level in LNCaP prostat

AIM: To evaluate long-term endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function, quality of life and health care costs after mild acute pancreatitis and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS: Patients prospectively included in 2001-2005 were followed-up after 42 (36-53) mo. Pancreatic function was evaluated with laboratory tests, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fecal elastase-1 and a questionnair

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based therapy is a novel treatment for type 2 diabetes. It is executed either by GLP-1 mimetics or by dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors. In type 2 diabetes, the two strategies reduce hemoglobin A(1c) by 0.6% to 1.1% from baseline levels of 7.7% to 8.5%. They are efficient both in monotherapy and in combination with metformin or thiazolidinediones. Both treatments a

We present a stopping condition to the duality based distributed optimization algorithm presented in [1] when used in a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) context. To enable distributed implementation, the optimization problem has neither terminal constraints nor terminal cost that has become standard in model predictive control (MPC). The developed stopping condition guarantees a prespec

Computational prediction methods are widely used for analysis of human genome sequence variants and their effects on gene/protein function, splice site aberration, pathogenicity, and disease risk. New methods are frequently developed. We believe that guidelines are essential for those writing articles about new prediction methods, as well as for those applying these tools in their research, so tha

Signal transduction in response to growth factors is a strictly controlled process with networks of feedback systems, highly selective interactions and finely tuned on-and-off switches. In the context of cancer, detailed signaling studies have resulted in the development of some of the most frequently used means of therapy, with several well established examples such as the small molecule inhibito

Disease predisposing germline mutations in cancer susceptibility genes may consist of large genomic rearrangements, including deletions or duplications that are challenging, to detect and characterize using standard PCR-based mutation screening methods. Such rearrangements range from single exons up to hundreds of kilobases of sequence in size. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH)

Structure determination of superantigens and the complexes they form with immune receptors have over the years provided insight in their modes of action. This technique requires growing large and highly ordered crystals of the superantigen or receptor-superantigen complex, followed by exposure to X-ray radiation and data collection. Here, we describe methods for crystallizing superantigens and sup

BACKGROUND: The in vivo clinical significance of malignant stem cells remains unclear. METHODS: Patients who have the 5q deletion (del[5q]) myelodysplastic syndrome (interstitial deletions involving the long arm of chromosome 5) have complete clinical and cytogenetic remissions in response to lenalidomide treatment, but they often have relapse. To determine whether the persistence of rare but dist

OBJECTIVES: Methods to expand hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) ex vivo encompass an attractive approach that would substantially broaden the clinical applicability of HSCs derived from cord blood. Recently, members of the Angiopoietin-like (Angptl) family of growth factors were shown to expand both murine and human HSCs. Specifically, Angptl5 has been implicated in the expansion of human NOD-SCID-