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Prevalence of Myocardial Infarction With Obstructive and Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries in a Middle-Aged Population With Chronic Airflow Limitation : A Cross-Sectional Study
Purpose: Myocardial infarctions (MIs) can occur in underlying obstructive coronary artery disease (MI-CAD) or in non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). The primary objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of MI-CAD and MINOCA in people with CAL, and to explore if CAL is an independent risk factor for MI-CAD and MINOCA. Secondary objectives were to explore these research ques
Comparison of industrial controllers: Disturbance rejection in an up-and-running industrial flotation process
Linear quadratic (LQ) control optimizes a quadratic cost function while following a linear model. It is commercially available in the process industry but often not labeled as such and infrequently used. Froth flotation is a process in the minerals industry that extracts precious metals from a slurry of finely ground rock in consecutive tanks called cells. Flotation cells are often arranged in two
Does the Association Between Individual Crime Propensity and Child-to-Parent Violence Vary by Family Social Environment?
This study examines whether individual propensity to commit crime and family environment interact in their association with child-to-parent violence (CPV). We assume that individual propensity will be more strongly associated with CPV among those adolescents who are less attached to and controlled by their parents. The study has a cross-sectional design of 4,930 adolescents (age 16 years on averag
Ethnicity and Child-to-Parent Violence : Comparing Adolescents With an Ethnic Swedish Background and a Background in Muslim Countries
Studies show that child-to-parent violence (CPV) occurs in many families, but the impact of ethnicity on CPV is largely unknown. This cross-sectional study examines whether there are differences in CPV between ethnic Swedish adolescents and adolescents with a background in Muslim countries, both first and second generation. The study is based on a stratified sample of 4222 adolescents and young ad
Resident memory CD8(+) T cells dominate lymphoid immune cell population in human pancreatic islets in health and type 2 diabetes
Introduction In type 2 diabetes (T2D), beta cell failure is often associated with islet inflammation driven by the innate immune response, with macrophages playing a significant role. However, the composition and phenotype of lymphoid immune cells in the islets of individuals with T2D have not been extensively studied. This study aims to characterize and compare the presence, phenotype, and freque
Building a pan-European network to bridge gaps in geriatric medicine education : the PROGRAMMING COST Action 21,122—a call for endorsement
Background: The growing challenges of population aging create a pressing need for specialized geriatric medicine services to effectively address the complex health needs of older adults and influence supportive healthcare policies. Older patients may present clinical complexity with multimorbidity, disability, and/or frailty, necessitating a shift from the traditional organ-oriented clinical appro
Long-term adherence to anti-osteoporosis medication and determinants of adherence in the population-based screening trial ROSE
Summary: Screening initiatives for osteoporosis must facilitate treatment of those at elevated fracture risk. In a randomized controlled trial of 24,229 women, those in the screening group with FRAX ≥ 15% were invited for DXA with AOM treatment offered as per national guidelines. Treatment initiation in the following year was 9.5 times higher compared with controls. Purpose: To determine if screen
Stealthy Computational Delay Attacks on Control Systems
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are integral to critical infrastructure, but their interconnected nature exposes them to sophisticated cyber threats. Traditional security mechanisms primarily focus on detecting direct manipulations of control signals or sensor data, leaving them vulnerable to more subtle attack vectors. This paper introduces a novel optimisation framework for modelling and executing Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are integral to critical infrastructure, but their interconnected nature exposes them to sophisticated cyber threats. Traditional security mechanisms primarily focus on detecting direct manipulations of control signals or sensor data, leaving them vulnerable to more subtle attack vectors. This paper introduces a novel optimisation framework for modelling and executing
Incidence of constrained condylar and hinged knee implants and mid-to long-term survivorship : a register-based study from the Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA)
Background and purpose — In complex primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), constrained condylar knee (CCK) or rotating hinge knee (RHK) designs may be required to provide stability or address bony deficiencies. We analyzed trends in incidence of these designs in primary TKA and evaluated the mid-to long-term survivorship of CCK and RHK in 4 Nordic countries. Methods — From 2000 to 2017, 5,134 CCK
Rapid Evolution of Host Repertoire and Geographic Range in a Young and Diverse Genus of Montane Butterflies
Evolutionary changes in geographic distribution and larval host plants may promote the rapid diversification of montane insects, but this scenario has been rarely investigated. We studied the rapid radiation of the butterfly genus Colias, which has diversified in mountain ecosystems in Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas. Based on a data set of 150 nuclear protein-coding genetic loci and mitochondri
Abundance ties : Nephele and the globular cluster population accreted with ω Cen: Based on APOGEE DR17 and Gaia EDR3
Context. The peculiar Galactic globular cluster ω Centauri (NGC 5139) has drawn attention for its unique features, such as an unusually high stellar mass compared to other Galactic globular clusters and a broad distribution of chemical elements. These features have led to the hypothesis that ω Centauri might be the nuclear remnant of an ancient dwarf galaxy accreted by the Milky Way, potentially b
Gate Layout and Process Reliability Co-Optimization in High-Speed Vertical III–V Nanowire Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor Technology
High-speed vertical III–V nanowire transistors utilize their channel material for high frequency and low noise performance. A device layout revision to optimize gate resistance, in a trade-off to gate-source capacitance, is presented. A two-step redesign of the established device layout is proposed. First step is demonstrated with fabricated structures. The second step predicts the design transiti
Innovations in Lung Transplant Research and Practice : The Future is Now
Training healthcare students to be competent communication partners : a scoping review
Purpose: People with acquired neurogenic Communication Disorders (PwCD) experience reduced satisfaction in healthcare environments, possibly relating to communication difficulties. Communication Partner Training might improve communication success. The purpose of the scoping review was to map the literature about educational experiences in teaching communication strategies to healthcare students (
Gradient Structure Evolution During Sintering of WC-TiC-Co Cemented Carbides
Functional gradient sintering of WC-TiC-Co cemented carbides was studied to reveal the effect of powder metallurgical processing conditions on compositional and microstructural, as well as hardness and toughness, gradients. The samples were created by local addition of TiC prior to sintering. Two different starting WC powders, one sub-micron and one medium-coarse, were used. Sintering at two diffe
Investigating collective effects in small collision systems using PYTHIA8 and EPOS4 simulations
Measurements of azimuthal angular correlations of inclusive and identified particles from EPOS4 and PYTHIA8 event generators are used to study the unexpected collective behavior observed in small collision systems. In particular, anisotropic flow coefficients measured using two- and four-particle correlations and balance functions are reported in pp collisions at √s = 13.6 TeV. The second-order Fo
Integrating process-based vegetation modelling with high-resolution imagery to assess bark beetle infestation and land surface temperature effects on forest net primary productivity
The European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) is an insect species that causes significant damage to Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests across Europe. Infestation by bark beetles can profoundly impact forest ecosystems, affecting their structure and composition and affecting the carbon cycle and biodiversity, including a decrease in net primary productivity (NPP), a key indicator of forest he
Incidence of postoperative retinal detachment and bacterial endophthalmitis in the Swedish national paediatric cataract register and associated risk factors
Purpose: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of retinal detachment (RD) and bacterial endophthalmitis in a cohort of children who underwent cataract surgery before the age of eight. Methods: Data was retrieved from the Swedish national paediatric cataract register. All eyes with congenital or infantile cataract that underwent surgery between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2023 with at