Complex metabolic diseases due to overnutrition such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver disease are a major burden on the healthcare system worldwide. Current research primarily focuses on disease endpoints and trying to understand underlying mechanisms at relatively late stages of the diseases, when irreversible damage is already done. However, complex interactions between physiological

BACKGROUND: Self-reported mental stress is not consistently recognized as a risk factor for stroke. This prompted development of a novel algorithm for stress-phenotype indices to quantify chronic stress prevalence in relation to a modified stroke risk score in a South African cohort. The algorithm is based on biomarkers adrenocorticotrophic hormone, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-sensi

While hybridisation in vascular plants has received considerable attention, hybridisation in bryophytes is still relatively understudied. Here we investigate hybridisation between two species from the moss genus Dicranum Hedw. Dicranum scoparium Hedw. and D. bonjeanii De Not. are two moss species of the D. scoparium species complex with partially overlapping morphology and habitat ranges. This stu

Objectives Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) run lower risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA, aortic diameter ≥ 30 mm) and its complications. We aimed to evaluate associations between disturbances in glucose metabolism and arterial stiffness, AAA, and abdominal aortic diameter in 65-year-old men. Methods Forty-eight 65-year-old men with screening-detected AAA and 115 men with normal ab

Satu Lähteenoja’s PhD thesis consists of five published articles and an extensive introduction. The articles make strong, or even major, contributions to research and Satu Lähteenoja’s contribution to the articles is clearly demonstrated. The introduction combines the articles into a whole and through the introduction the contribution is clearly bigger than the sum of the five articles.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has shown similar or improved clinical outcomes compared with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis at low risk for surgical mortality. This cost-utility analysis compared TAVI with SAPIEN 3 versus SAVR in symptomatic severe aortic stenosis patients at low risk of surgical mortality fr

Airborne particle emissions from road vehicles represent a significant concern for urban air quality. Among the key contributors to non-exhaust emissions (NEE) are vehicle disc brakes, which have recently been recognized as equally important as exhaust emissions. In disc brake systems, the brake pads are pressed against the rotating disc to decelerate the vehicle. This contact causes wear on the d

Det svenska statsskicket omfattar en företeelse som brukar beskrivas som mer eller mindre unikt i världen: idén om att statliga förvaltningsmyndigheter ska vara självständiga i förhållande till regeringen. Mer precist brukar jurister tala om en självständighetsprincip som hänger ihop med vad som kallas ett förbud mot ministerstyre. Denna självständighetsprincip är uttryckligen reglerad i grundlag.

Workplace incivility is a pervasive issue with implications for employee well-being. Drawing upon Self-Determination Theory, this study explores the association between experienced workplace incivility, need satisfaction, and work motivation and investigates whether workplace incivility is negatively associated with autonomous work motivation. We hypothesize that experiencing workplace incivility Workplace incivility is a pervasive issue with implications for employee well-being. Drawing upon Self-Determination Theory, this study explores the association between experienced workplace incivility, need satisfaction, and work motivation and investigates whether workplace incivility is negatively associated with autonomous work motivation. We hypothesize that experiencing workplace incivility

Given the negative consequences of bullying, it is important to identify teacherapproaches and to what degree students trust that their teachers can manage the class. Thus, this experimental study examined whether students’ trust in their teacher’s ability to manage the class would be positively associated with defending victims and negatively associated with pro-bullying and passive bystanding. 2

Flow diverter devices are small stents used to divert blood flow away from aneurysms in the brain, stagnating flow and inducing intra-aneurysmal thrombosis which in time will prevent aneurysm rupture. Current devices are formed from thin (∼25 μm) wires which will remain in place long after the aneurysm has been mitigated. As their continued presence could lead to secondary complications, an absorb

The influence of the deformation speed in C-ring tests in Ringer's solution on crack initiation and propagation of extruded Mg10Dy and Mg10Dy1Nd is investigated. Deformation speeds varying from 2 to 0.012 mm/min allow corrosion times from a few minutes to hours. Both the crack initiation force (higher for Mg10Dy1Nd) and displacement (higher for Mg10Dy) increase with decreasing deformation speed up

This study focuses on the influence of inhomogeneous corrosion on the quasi-static and cyclic properties of an Mg−Y−Nd alloy. Uniform corrosion is essential for biodegradable implant materials to avoid notching effects and premature failure. Previous studies on extruded Mg−3Y−3RE have shown a pitting tendency in Ringer’s solution at 37 °C. Tensile tests on pre-corroded samples with different corro

In this note we discuss some recent results on extreme steady waves under gravity. They include the existence and regularity theorems for highest waves on finite depth with and without vorticity. Furthermore, we state new results concerning the asymptotic behavior of surface profiles near stagnation points. In particular, we find that the wave profile of an extreme wave is concave near each crest,

The model by D. Hu and D. Cai [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 138701 (2013). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.138701] describes the self-organization of vascular networks for transport of fluids from source to sinks. Diameters, and thereby, conductances, of vessel segments evolve so as to minimize a cost functional E . The cost is the trade-off between the power required for pumping the fluid and the energy con

BACKGROUND: An unhealthy diet is a major contributor to several noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide. Additionally, our food system has significant impacts on the environment. The EAT-Lancet Commission has recommended a healthy diet that preserves global environmental resources.OBJECTIVE: This prospective study evaluated the associ