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The chapter discusses the principle of legal separation of entities and its ramifications in the transnational human rights context. There have been calls to hold multinational enterprises accountable for human rights infringements in their global value chains. Some argue that lead firms should be subjected to a legal obligation of due diligence that would compel them to oversee subsidiaries and c

RATIONALE AND AIM: Little is known about persistent pain after lung transplantation. Therefore, the aim was to present a multidimensional assessment of self-reported pain 1-5 years after lung transplantation and its relationship with fatigue and transplant-specific well-being.METHODS: This nationwide, cross-sectional cohort study is part of the self-management after thoracic transplantation study.

Accelerometer technology was used to evaluate behaviours in the teleost ambush predator pike Esox lucius foraging on crucian carp Carassius carassius. Automated rule-based estimates of prey-size determined handling time were obtained and are compared with video-recorded behaviours. Solutions to tag attachment and the limitations imposed by battery-time and data-logging capacities are evaluated.

The protein gC1qR (globular C1q receptor), also named p33, was originally identified as a binding partner of the globular heads of C1q in the complement system. gC1qR/p33 is abundantly expressed in many cell types, but the functional importance of this protein is not completely understood. Here, we investigate the impact of gC1qR/p33 on the production and function of the pathophysiologically impor

Measurement of thermal emissivity is of interest in a number of disciplines: Astronomy, climate science, meteorology, geology, biology, engineering, and so on, and a number of methods have been developed for different purposes and situations.

The Lower Ordovician Bjørkåsholmen Formation at Flagabro, Scania, southern Sweden, consists of a 0.8 m thick succession of carbonates with three siliciclastic mudstones, 5, 1 and 100 mm thick, intercalated in the central part of the unit. Carbonate and siliciclastic mudstone beds show both normal and inverse grading. The carbonates are mud-rich and subdivided into a mudstone, a wackestone and a pa

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the entrapment of apolipoprotein B– containing lipoproteins in the arterial intima, leading to local inflammation. T helper (Th) cell 1–mediated immune responses have been associated with atherosclerosis, and the cytokine interleukin-25 (IL-25 or IL-17E) has been reported to potentially regulate Th1 cell– and Th17 cell–related immu

Background: "Smartphone 12-lead ECG" for the assessment of acute myocardial ischemia has recently been introduced. In the smartphone 12-lead ECG either the right or the left arm can be used as reference for the chest electrodes instead of the Wilson central terminal. These leads are labeled "CR leads" or "CL leads." We aimed to compare chest-lead ST-J amplitudes, using either CR or CL leads, to th

The growth-restricted fetus in utero is exposed to a hostile environment and suffers undernutrition and hypoxia. To cope with the stress, the fetus changes its physiological functions. These adaptive changes aid intrauterine survival; however, they can lead to permanent functional and structural changes that can contribute to the development of serious chronic diseases later in life. Epigenetic me

Despite numerous studies of selection on position and number of spectral vision bands, explanations to the function of narrow spectral bands are lacking. We investigate dragonflies (Odonata), which have the narrowest spectral bands reported, in order to investigate what features these narrow spectral bands may be used to perceive. We address whether it is likely that narrow red bands can be used t

Personalized and regenerative medicine is an emerging therapeutic strategy that is based on cell biology and biomedical engineering used to develop biological substitutes to maintain normal function or restore damaged tissues and organs. The secretory capacities of different cell types are now explored as such possible therapeutic regenerative agents in a variety of diseases. A secretome can compr

Fluid biomarkers, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and blood-based biomarkers, may reflect different pathological processes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The most used biomarkers are CSF β-amyloid42, total tau, phosphorylated tau, and neurofilament light, which have been studied for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment follow-up and in relation to gene

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common arthritic disease in the world, leading to debilitating pain and destruction of joint tissues. While pain is the hallmark symptom of osteoarthritis, clear associations between pain and disease processes involved in joint deterioration are lacking. OA pain is multifactorial and may arise from multiple distinct or concurrent mechanisms, and may thus present as