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FN:s råd för mänskliga rättigheter har flera gånger uppmärksammat det växande problemet med juridiska trakasserier mot journalister i världen. I ett fungerande demokratiskt samhälle är det viktigt att skydda så väl yttrande- som pressfrihet. Rådet har betonat att regler kring ärekränkning utnyttjas för att tysta ner den offentlig debatten och granskningen av makten. Vanligtvis går den här bestraffThe UN Human Rights Council has several times addressed the expanding issue of judicial harassments against journalists around the world. In a functioning democracy, it is important to protect the freedom of expression and the freedom of the press. The Council has emphasized that laws on defamation are used to intimidate public debate and public scrutiny. Generally, the term for this method is str

Research question: How does the communication of CSR strategies impact the legitimacy of fashion brands from a consumer perspective? Purpose: The purpose of the report is to examine whether the communication of CSR strategies influences the legitimacy of fashion brands from a consumer perspective. Methodology: The study utilizes a qualitative research approach based on three conducted focus grou

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing podcast listeners' intentions to redeem promotional codes from advertisements in this medium, focusing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) extended with the concept of trust towards podcast hosts. This research is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior while integrating trust as an additional predictor of intention to behave in the co

Vi lever i en värld där produkter konsumeras i en allt snabbare takt och där det sällan tas ansvar för det skapade avfallet. Plast är på många sätt ett otroligt material men det sätter en stor belastning på miljön både genom produktion och som avfall. Alternativ till konventionell, helt fossilbaserad plast har funnits och utvecklats under en tid nu, till exempel genom återvinning av PET-flaskor. IWe live in a world where products are consumed at an ever increasing rate, and where responsibility for the waste created is seldom taken. Plastics are in many ways wondrous materials, but they put a big strain on the environment, both in production and as waste. Alternatives to the conventional, virgin fossil-based plastics have been available and emerging for some time now, for example seen in t

The purpose of this study was to examine office designs, in terms of private, shared, and open plan offices. This was done by comparing the participants reported indoor climate, communication climate, and work engagement experienced in respective office design. The study was conducted with the background of the trend to use an open plan design in office spaces. Cross-sectional data on 2322 partici

When concrete slab frame bridges are designed with modern linear 3D FE-models large tensile restraint forces will arise in the transversal direction of the bridge from the temperature and shrinkage loads. These restraint forces are much larger than those that are accounted for in the older 2D models. This leads to that the amount of transversal reinforcement, calculated in the 3D FE-calculations,

More often than not one would encounter a problem, know that the solution has to meet some requirements, but do not how to start or how to progress towards solving it. Motivation for a computer that can solve the problem automatically without explicitly programming it is apparent, i.e. a computer that \programs itself", is greatly desired. The method of genetic programming has demonstrated it

The development ideals of linear progress, modernization and economic growth are based on one worldview among many, but have nonetheless been able to dominate global politics. Critical development literature has shown how indigenous peoples’ cosmologies have been pushed aside since colonialism, deemed traditional and backwards. There is a growing interest in searching for alternatives to the devel

Slow light and Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators are two interesting and useful fields with applications in optical sensing and laser stabilisation among others. Slow light can lead to long interaction times which are useful in light-matter interactions such as sensitive non-linear optics. Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators have small mode volumes and strong beam confinement leading to high Quali

The Arctic is experiencing a phenomenon called Arctic amplification (AA) which has caused a rapid warming rate two to three times greater than that of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) or global in both observed and modelled data over the past few decades. Previous studies focused mostly on temperature and sea ice albedo feedbacks; however, the impacts of biosphere feedbacks especially from carbon cycl

Agricultural subsidies and taxation policies in Norway remain heavily skewed toward livestock, reinforcing structural barriers that hinder the transition toward sustainable and plant-based food systems. This study examines how policy drivers and barriers sustain Norway’s meat-dominated agricultural model and limit the development of plant-based production. To address this aim, the thesis investiga

This study examines whether state legitimacy can contribute to peace by analyzing how legitimacy has impacted levels of negative peace in Somalia and Somaliland since the collapse of the Somali state in 1991. Despite their similar historical cultural and social societal foundations, the two entities have followed remarking different political trajectories, with Somaliland experiencing significantl

Småvatten är trots sin ringa storlek ekologiskt betydelsefulla och fungerar som habitat för många arter. För groddjur spelar de en avgörande roll för fortplantningen eftersom småvatten används som lekmiljö. Populationer av groddjur minskar idag över hela världen och två av de största hoten mot groddjur är habitatförlust och habitatfragmentering. I Sverige har många småvatten försvunnit som en effeDespite their size, small ponds are ecologically important and act as a habitat for many species. For amphibians they play a significant role for reproduction given that ponds are used as breeding sites. At present amphibian populations are decreasing worldwide and two of the biggest threats they face are habitat destruction and habitat fragmentation. In Sweden many small ponds have disappeared ov

Economic theory predicts a positive relationship between competition and innovation. Competition both forces and enables firms to innovate. On competitive markets firms are forced to innovate to avoid shrinking profit margins. At the same time competition also helps firms to innovate: On competitive markets information is dispersed among decentralized economic agents through price signals, informa

Variations in utilization rates of health services between different groups in society indicate inequity in access to these services. Such inequities originate from observable access barriers such as distance and price, as well as from more subtle, cultural barriers such as lack of female autonomy and control over household resources. With focus on gender inequality, and with Bangladesh as a case

The study of mental well-being has a long history, but it isn´t until the last decade or so that it has regain interest in psychology with the establishment of positive psychology as a new research discipline. The present research builds on theories of mental well-being as a continuum, in which complete mental health is labeled flourishing and incomplete mental well-being is categorized languishin