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STUDY OBJECTIVE: Previous studies of neighbourhood effects on ischaemic heart disease (IHD) have used census or administrative data to characterise the residential context, most commonly its socioeconomic level. Using the ecometric approach to define neighbourhood social interaction variables that may be relevant to IHD, neighbourhood social cohesion and safety were examined to see how they relate
Pancreatic (PC), colorectal (CRC), hepatocellular (HCC), and gallbladder (GC) cancers together account for nearly 20% of all cancer cases. However, specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these cancers are lacking. Diagnosing these cancers early and providing timely, appropriate treatment to improve patient outcomes is crucial. In this context, previous studies, including ours, have highli
Background: The combination of hematuria, proteinuria and a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with no previous diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is widely considered a strong indication for kidney biopsy. This study aimed to compare the frequencies of diseases leading to this symptom constellation, and to explore differences related to age and sex using data from kidney biopsy
Background: Current guidelines for the treatment of severe TBI recommend maintaining a cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) at 60–70 mmHg. In our institution, as well as others, an alternative algorithm—originally named the Lund concept—has been used. This treatment algorithm employs metoprolol and clonidine to limit CPP, accepting levels below 60 mmHg, with the aim of reducing cerebral edema. Previo
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a neurotropic flavivirus capable of infecting the adult brain, however its impact on hypothalamic function and metabolic regulation remains unclear. Here, we show that ZIKV invades the hypothalamus of immunocompetent adult mice, where it replicates and persists, leading to sustained insulin resistance. Following infection, ZIKV RNA and negative strand were detected in the hypo
Objective The investigation of complement factors in lupus nephritis (LN) in relation to treatment response and the impact of underlying genetics of C4. Methods Seventy-seven patients with active LN confirmed by a kidney biopsy and in whom second biopsies had been performed after immunosuppressive treatment were included. Complement factors C3, C4, C4d and C4d/C4 ratio were evaluated at the biopsy
The islets of Langerhans are key regulators of glucose homeostasis and have been known as a structure for almost one and a half centurys now. During the twentieth century several different cell types were described in the islets of different species and at different developmental stages. Six cell types with identified hormonal product have been described so far by the use of histochemical staining
The nocturnal migration of many passerines starts after sunset and reaches peak intensity during the dark hours of the night. Birds destined for high Arctic breeding grounds encounter a special situation, as they will experience continuous daylight when reaching the high latitudes during the final part of spring migration. How does this affect the pattern of nocturnal migration? We consider three
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical trials often exclude patients with low C-reactive protein (CRP), slowing trial enrollment. We evaluated whether RA patients with a high multi-biomarker disease activity (MBDA) score (>44) among those with low CRP (≤10 mg/L) could complement patients with CRP >10mg/L to enhance patient recruitment without affecting clinical trial outcomes. Methods We eva
BACKGROUND: Brain injury is considered the main cause of death in patients who are hospitalized after cardiac arrest (CA). Induced hypothermia is recommended as neuroprotective treatment after (CA) but may affect prognostic parameters. We evaluated the effect of delayed neurological prognostication on the mode of death in hypothermia-treated CA-survivors. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study at a Swe
Here we evaluated the performance of a large set of serum biomarkers for the prediction of rapid progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. We used a case-control design nested within a prospective cohort of patients with baseline eGFR 30-60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). Within a 3.5-year period of Go-DARTS study patients, 154 had over a 40% eGFR decline and 153 controls
As the physical consequences of accidental falls in the elderly are well-researched, the long-term associations between falls and quality of life and related concepts are less known. The aim of this study was to prospectively examine the long-term relations between falls and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and life satisfaction (LS) over six years in the general elderly population. One thou
Aims: The Gimap gene family has been shown to be integral to T cell survival and development. A frameshift mutation in Gimap5, one of seven members of the Gimap family, results in lymphopenia and is a prerequisite for spontaneous type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the BioBreeding (BB) rat. While not contributing to lymphopenia, the Gimap family members proximal to Gimap5, encompassed within the Iddm39 quant
Obesity is linked to various diseases, including insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. The idea of inducing white adipose tissue (WAT) to assume characteristics of brown adipose tissue (BAT), and thus gearing it to fat-burning instead of storage, is receiving serious consideration as potential treatment for obesity and related disorders. Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) links ins
Glucokinase (GK) plays a key role in maintaining glucose homeostasis by promoting insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and increasing hepatic glucose uptake. Here we investigate the effects of acute and chronic GK activation on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in mice with diet-induced insulin resistance. In the acute study, a small molecule GK activator (GKA71) was administered to
Mice genetically deficient in the glucagon receptor (Gcgr(-/-)) show improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and α-cell hyperplasia. In addition, Gcgr(-/-) mice do not develop diabetes after chemical destruction of β-cells. Since fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has insulin independent glucose lowering properties we investigated whether FGF21 was contributing to diabetes resistance in i
