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Urban Living Labs (ULL) are considered spaces to facilitate experimentation about sustainability solutions. ULL represent sites that allow different urban actors to design, test and learn from socio-technical innovations. However, despite their recent proliferation in the European policy sphere, the underlying processes through which ULL might be able to generate and diffuse new socio-technical co

Although grade inflation is unfair and may imply inefficient allocation of human resources, current knowledge of grade inflation effects on individual outcomes is scarce. One explanation is probably the challenge of measuring and estimating causal grade inflation effects. This study examines the consequences of grade inflation at the upper secondary education level on enrolment in higher education

Mouth ulcers are the most common ulcerative condition and encompass several clinical diagnoses, including recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Despite previous evidence for heritability, it is not clear which specific genetic loci are implicated in RAS. In this genome-wide association study (n = 461,106) heritability is estimated at 8.2% (95% CI: 6.4%, 9.9%). This study finds 97 variants which alt

A possible overlap between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and anorexia nervosa (AN), in terms of both behavioural and cognitive features, has led to new areas of research. The aim of the present study was to examine the occurrence of eating behaviours frequently seen in ASD among adolescents and young adults with AN. The participants were females within the age range 15–25 years: 36 with current A

Micropollutants in wastewater can persist through conventional treatment, threatening ecosystems and human health through toxicity, bioaccumulation, and disruption of biological processes. Limited monitoring, due to cost and methodological challenges, allows these compounds to go undetected, potentially leading to long-term, irreversible impacts. To address this, modern wastewater treatment plants

This study examines the relationship between income-related health inequality (IRHI) and macroeconomic conditions. We complement an income group-based analysis of the impact of macroeconomic conditions on mortality by incorporating an analysis of the concentration index as a comprehensive measure of overall IRHI. Using a recentered influence function regression approach, we estimate the impact of

This work presents the development and evaluation of a Direct Membrane Filtration (DMF) concept for municipal wastewater treatment, integrating microsieving, microfiltration/ultrafiltration (MF/UF), and downstream polishing with activated carbon. DMF enables the efficient separation of particulate organic matter directly from raw wastewater, producing a retentate suitable for enhanced biogas produ

Hybrid photon counting detectors have significantly advanced synchrotron research. In particular, the introduction of large cadmium telluride-based detectors in 2015 enabled a whole new range of high-energy X-ray measurements. This article describes the specifications of the new PILATUS4 cadmium telluride detector and presents results from prototype testing for high-energy powder X-ray diffraction

Exposure to maternal type 1 diabetes (T1D) during pregnancy provides relative protection against T1D in the offspring. This protective effect may be driven by epigenetic mechanisms. Here we conducted an epigenome-wide blood analysis on 790 young children with and 962 children without a T1D-affected mother, and identified differential DNA methylation (q < 0.05) at multiple loci and regions. These i

Background: People with intellectual disabilities experience significant health inequities. Digital interventions for health promotion are rarely designed from their specific needs. This study aimed to uncover core qualities of digital interventions for health promotion by exploring factors influencing health behaviours amongst people with intellectual disabilities. Methods: This study was conduct

The gut microbiota is associated with human health and disease. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study of host genetic factors influencing gut microbiota composition in 12,652 individuals from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), with replication in Nordic cohorts (n = 16,017–21,976). We identified 12 reproducible SNP–species associations across six genomic loci, including known (LCT, ABO

Somatostatin, produced by pancreatic islet δ cells, is a key intra-islet paracrine factor that regulates the secretion of the glucoregulatory hormones insulin and glucagon from β cells and α cells, respectively. Here, we show that glutamate and glucagon released by α cells cooperatively activate neighbouring δ cells through AMPA and glucagon receptors, thereby enabling spatiotemporal feedback cont

Many genetic loci affect circulating lipid levels, but it remains unknown whether lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, modify these genetic effects. To identify lipid loci interacting with physical activity, we performed genome-wide analyses of circulating HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in up to 120,979 individuals of European, African, Asian, Hispanic, and Braz