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Allvarliga tillbud och olyckor inom flygtrafiken är relativt ovanligt, men när de inträffar ställs höga krav på kabinpersonalens förmåga att uppträda auktoritativt och effektivt. Det är dock inte bara vid ett direkt olyckstillbud det ställs stora krav på kabinpersonalens förmåga att hantera kritiska situationer. Det finns en hel flora av incidenter som kräver professionell hantering, t ex när passAlthough serious accidents or near-accidents are relatively rare in airline traffic, when they occur cabin attendants are expected to act effectively and with authority. However, the ability of cabin attendants to intervene professionally is also called for in other critical situations, such as when incidents that are frightening for the passengers occur or when passengers suddenly become ill. The

This study investigates the mechanisms of (de)coding modality, focusing on the interpretation of utterances containing the modals must, may, måste, and kan. The main research question posed in this study is what enables the interlocutors to interpret modal expressions so that communicative goals are achieved. To answer this general question, Coates's (1983) study on modal contexts is initially rep

A small population of Primula elatior has recently been found in a virgin swampy forest close to the southeastern shore of lake Ringsjon in Stehag parish. Here it grows in fully natural vegetation together with e.g. Anemone ranunculoides, Paris quadrifolia, Listera ovata, Ranunculus auricomus and Viola epipsila and there are no reasons to suspect that the population is anything but spontaneous. Un

Forestry is of major economical importance in Europe, and recent devastating windstorms have pinpointed the vulnerability of this economic sector to windstorms. Forest damage is an important economic issue at a country level and may become even of larger concern under future conditions following global warming. An underlying question is to what extent the storm damage is due to changes in the wind

Background: Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection causes increased morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). This study aimed to answer the following questions: Does the prevalence of chronic infection with PA differ between the CF centres in Scandinavia? Which differences exist concerning segregation and treatment of PA? Methods: 989 patients (86%) from all eight CF-centres in Scan

Medical geography usually attempts to disentangle and explain the ecological and causal contexts of health, disease and environment by mapping spatial patterns of cases and potential pathogenic factors. However, many diseases are believed to show after long periods of latency , spanning years and even decades between initial exposure and clinical onset. In view of high spatial human mobility - in

The following presentation is primarily intended to stimulate and facilitate a future development towards an improved situation for a reliability based structural fire engineering design of timber structures. The state of the art is reviewed and a structure of a design guide or a model code is outlined. The document is written in a partially operational manner, allowing practical application for s

BACKGROUND: Information on cancer prevalence is of major importance for health planning and resource allocation. However, systematic information on cancer prevalence is largely unavailable. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight population-based cancer registries from 17 European countries, participating in EUROPREVAL, provided data on almost 3 million cancer patients diagnosed from 1970 to 1992. Sta

BACKGROUND: : Inherited mutations in the CDKN2A tumor suppressor gene, which encodes the p16(INK4a) protein, and in the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) gene confer susceptibility to cutaneous malignant melanoma. We analyzed families with two or more cases of melanoma for germline mutations in CDKN2A and CDK4 to elucidate the contribution of these gene defects to familial malignant melanoma and to

Background: The use of mapping algorithms have been suggested as a solution to predict health utilities when no preference-based measure is included in the study. However, validity and predictive performance of these algorithms are highly variable and hence assessing the accuracy and validity of algorithms before use them in a new setting is of importance. The aim of the current study was to asses

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic impact of chronic total occlusion (CTO) on long-term mortality in a large prospective cohort. Background CTO is present in many patients with coronary artery disease and is difficult to treat with percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods The study population consisted of all consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography