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Objective The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing worldwide. Although increased levels of coeliac disease (CD) autoantibodies are often seen in renal disease, the importance of biopsy-verified CD for the risk of future ESRD is unclear. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the risk of future ESRD in individuals with CD. Methods This was a population-based prospe

Many passerines migrate during the night and at high altitudes, making their migration difficult to observe. By using tracking radars we have been able to make exact observations of the flight behaviour of passerines on nocturnal migration, which has enabled us to test several hypotheses about adaptive values and constraints regarding migratory behaviour in different ecological contexts. We have i

The starting point for this dissertation can be characterised with the question: why don't dreams come true? In 1900, Ellen Key proclaimed the coming hundred years as the children's century. One of the great questions of the time concerned the relation between the individual and the community. Through the years, school curricula became influenced by visions of "reform-pedagogics" (Reformpedagogik)

This dissertation deals with aesthetic rules in an urban context. The dissertation develops a theoretical framework for understanding the role of aesthetic rules, especially urban design codes, in the process of improving the architectural quality of the built environment. In the context of this framework three case studies of urban design codes are presented. The over-arching aim is hermeneutical

A method based on ingrowth mesh bags was developed to study the production of EMM. These bags were made of nylon mesh with a mesh size of 50 mu-m, which allows colonisation by fungal mycelia but excludes the tree roots. Using this method, the production of EMM was estimated in forest stands subjected to whole-tree harvesting (WTH) and in forest stands with different nutrient status regarding potas

The personalities and qualities of nursing personnel are considered to be of great importance for their interactions with patients and may also influence work satisfaction. The aim of the thesis was to explore the extent to which different personal qualities and personality factors, with a possible effect on motivation, professional conduct, and coping with anxiety, are represented in a group of a

Aerosol particles are found in the whole troposphere. Research regarding these particles has gained increased attention because of the effect the particles have on both health and climate. In the atmosphere, aerosol particles scatter incoming solar radiation and this has a cooling effect on the Earth’s climate. But there are particles, especially those containing soot, which can absorb sun light a