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Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are periodic semiconductor heterostructures, capable of producing laser gain. They have become an important source of coherent radiation in the mid infrared, and THz frequency regions. QCLs are non-linear electric devices, and often have bias regions of negative differential resistivity (NDR). These regions are inherently unstable, and electric field domains (EFDs) fo
In this thesis we employ the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) method to study both finite and infinite systems. We develop a codebase capable of computing the steady state interacting NEGF in open systems, i.e. tight-binding leads contacting a central region, in both Hartree-Fock (HF) and second Born (2B) approximations of particle-particle interactions. Furthermore, we use the exact intera
Nonlinear harmonic generation has been described theoretically, and observed, in free-electron laser (FEL) amplifiers. The mechanism relies on the nonlinear, higher-order bunching when the fundamental reaches high intensities, and can also be expected in high-power FEL oscillators. We use the 3D polychromatic simulation code MEDUSA to study the nonlinear harmonic generation in FEL oscillators. Str
The recent advances concerning high-order harmonic generation processes in strong laser fields are discussed. We show how the width of the plateau inherent to the production of high harmonics varies with the pulse width, the laser wavelength and the atomic medium. Phase matching effects are discussed in terms of coherence length owing to the laser focusing. Finally, we show that the idea of genera
We present high-order harmonic generation results obtained with different laser systems a 1 ps 1053 nm Nd-glass laser a 2 ps 616 nm synchronously pumped dye laser a 36 ps 1064 nm mode-locked Nd-YAG laser and the second harmonics (308 nm and 532 nm) of the latter two systems. We investigate the influence of the laser pulse width the excitation wavelength (from the near infrared to the ultraviolet)
Sepsis causes severe derangements of the coagulation system. However, the signaling mechanisms regulating sepsis-induced thrombin generation remain elusive. Herein, we hypothesized that Rho-kinase might be an important regulator of thrombin generation in abdominal sepsis. Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in C57Bl/6 mice. Thrombin generation, coagulation factors, lu
After a historic introduction, today's wind power technology is reviewed on a systems level, with some details, and with some brave suggestions for wind technology 2030 when power electronics (PE) will be some 2000 GW. Eternal themes like "electricity storage" are avoided. Aspects of drive-trains in towers and collection grids in parks are concisely described in the paper's core, including: 1) a p
Western society has increasingly turned to different kinds of spirituality in dealing with an accelerated tempo and demands in everyday post-modern life. Yoga, meditation, mindfulness and other forms of modalities, often connected to ancient eastern thinking, are taught and implemented in management and leadership practises (Cederström & Spicer, 2015). Although organizational theorizing has prWestern society has increasingly turned to different kinds of spirituality in dealing with an accelerated tempo and demands in everyday post-modern life. Yoga, meditation, mindfulness and other forms of modalities, often connected to ancient eastern thinking, are taught and implemented in management and leadership practises (Cederström & Spicer, 2015). Although organizational theorizing has pr
Despite its simplicity and relevance for the description of electronic correlations in solids, the Hubbard model is seldom inarguably realized in real materials. Here, we show that monolayer Nb3Cl8 is an ideal candidate to be described within a single-orbital Hubbard model, constructed within a “molecular” rather than atomic basis set using ab initio constrained random phase approximation calculat
Quantum mechanics forbids perfect discrimination of non-orthogonal states, a limitation that can be exploited to certify intrinsic randomness. Building on this principle, this thesis investigates how limits on state discrimination can be used to generate certified randomness in prepare-and-measure protocols. In particular, we study how the performance of minimum-error quantum state discrimination
