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Background: Assessment of DNA profile quality is vital in forensic DNA analysis, both in order to determine the evidentiary value of DNA results and to compare the performance of different DNA analysis protocols. Generally the quality assessment is performed through manual examination of the DNA profiles based on empirical knowledge, or by comparing the intensities (allelic peak heights) of the ca
An observational study, focusing on motorcyclists, was conducted between June and August 2012 at access points on straight road sections of primary roads in Malaysia. This was done in order to gain more insight into the actual road traffic situation at these sites. The majority of the motorcyclists kept to the speed limit and lowered speed when approaching an access point, especially when road use
Background. Integrity is a complex and important concept in ethical reasoning and in nursing care. Integrity is part of being a human being, a wholeness, and in this sense it also refers to health. Preserving patients' integrity is an important aspect of nursing care, as a number of situations arise in which they can feel threatened or violated. Integrity can also refer to acting according to gene
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether current smoking, ex-smoking, or amount of current smoking among postmenopausal women was associated with plasma levels of testosterone, and rostenedione, and DHEAs. About 65,000 women in Sweden have participated in two population-based prospective cohort studies where blood samples were collected at baseline, and information on life-style, re
Metal ions are essential cofactors for precursor tRNA (ptRNA) processing by bacterial RNase P. The ribose 2'-OH at nucleotide (nt) –1 of ptRNAs is known to contribute to positioning of catalytic Me2+. To investigate the catalytic process, we used ptRNAs with single 2'-deoxy (2'-H), 2'-amino (2'-N), or 2'-fluoro (2'-F) modifications at the cleavage site (nt –1). 2' modifications had small (2.4–7.7-
Ecosystem exchanges of CO2 and CH4 were studied by chamber techniques in five different vegetation types in a high arctic valley at Zackenberg, NE Greenland. The vegetation types were categorized as Cassiope heath, hummocky fen, continuous fen, grass land and Salix arctica snowbed. Integrated daytime fluxes for the different vegetation types of the valley showed that the fen areas and the grasslan
Background: Intolerance of uncertainly (IU), cognitive avoidance (CA) and positive beliefs about worry (PB) independently predict worry frequency in older adolescents and adults, and when targeted together in treatment produce significant reductions in both worry and anxiety in this age range. The present study addresses a gap in the literature by testing whether a cognitive model of excessive wor
SETI, our hopes or fears of a future contact with ETI, is a modern expression of an unending human obsession with the rise and fall of civilizations. People across the globe from our earliest sources to our contemporary culture have tried to understand the beginning and end of history, the creation and the doom. Factor L of the Drake Equation could in other words be understood in a longer historic
A common way to cool the tip is to use serpentine passages with 180-deg turn under the blade tip-cap. Improving internal convective cooling is therefore required to increase the blade tip life. In this paper, augmented heat transfer of a blade tip has been investigated numerically. The computational models consist of a two-pass channel with 180-deg turn and pin-fins mounted on the tip-cap, and a s
In order to operate plants fueled with biomass in an optimum manner, it is important to create thermodynamic models of the same. However, these kind of plants are hard to model by "traditional" methods such as heat and mass balance programs. Some difficulties are the large inertia of some subsystems, as well as the fact that many important parameters are not constant nor unequivocally determined.
BACKGROUND: As many as 88% of heart transplant recipients (HTRs) suffer from psychological distress. Both psychosocial factors and physical health are associated with increased psychological distress. However, the causes and impacts of psychological distress are unclear. HTRs strive for a sense of control over their health and daily lives in order to improve their psychological well-being. Perceiv
Soot emissions from diesel engines are the net result of two competing processes: soot formation and soot oxidation. Previous studies have shown poor correlation between soot formation rates and the soot emissions. This article presents a systematic study of a number of parameters affecting soot oxidation rate and how it correlates with the soot emissions. An optical heavy-duty engine is used in c
Books and other printed matter are media of communication, used to carry and distribute – mediate – "content". A medium, however, is always material, and as such it produces meaning in its own right. So even though content and medium might be separate and distinct entities, they are intimately connected, and in order to be communicated a piece of "content" is always given one or another material f
Deep cuts in carbon emissions to avoid dangerous climatic change will require fundamental transformations of the energy and transport systems. This is an enormous challenge for society and the political system. In order to tackle this challenge, we argue that it will be necessary to develop new institutions and institutional practices that address and give priority to long-term climate policy obje
In order to define critical situations in which speed adaptation is unsatisfactory a number of traffic safety researchers from 20 countries were asked to rate the seriousness of various situations. The proportion of injury accidents in the different situations were also considered. Expert judgements, the high proportion of injury accidents and the increased accident risks compared to "normal" cond
Den svenska arbetskraften har blivit äldre under 1900-talet. Under vissa perioder har denna åldrandeprocess accelererat, medan den har avtagit under andra perioder. I denna studie undersöks vilken roll dessa förändringar i åldersstrukturen spelar för genomsnittlig arbetsproduktivitet och ekonomisk tillväxt. Olika åldersgrupper besitter olika typer av humankapital, eftersom den individuella produktIn the 1900s the Swedish labour force underwent an ageing process, accentuated in some periods and stagnant in others. This study inquires into how, and to what extent, these demographic shifts in the labour market explain changes in average labour productivity and economic growth. Different age groups possess different types of human capital, leading to changes in individual productivity over the
År 2000 antog FN:s säkerhetsråd resolution 1325 om kvinnor, fred och säkerhet. Som följd har svenska Försvarsmakten publicerat en handbok för integreringen av ett genderperspektiv, både i verksamheten och i internationella operationer. Handboken utgör undersökningens primärmaterial och beskriver att integreringen av ett genderperspektiv både är ett medel och ett mål. Syftet är således att undersökYear 2000 the United Nations Security Council adopted resolution 1325 on women, peace and security. As a result the Swedish Armed Forces published a handbook for integration of a gender perspective, both in the organization and in their international operations. The handbook is the primary material of this thesis and it describes that the gender perspective is not only a goal in itself, but also a
Mäns våld mot kvinnor är ett utbrett problem i samhället som innefattar systematiserat psykiskt och fysiskt våld. Våldets normaliseringsprocess leder till svårigheter att lämna relationen och kan i slutändan innebära att kvinnan ser dödande av mannen som den enda utvägen. Det råder en diskussion huruvida denna handling kan omfattas av nödvärn som ansvarsfrihetsgrund. Svårigheter råder i att avgöraMen's violence against women is a widespread problem in society that involves systematic psychological and physical violence. The normalization process of violence leads to difficulties in leaving the relationship and may ultimately entail that the woman perceives the killing of the man as the only way out. There is a discussion as to whether this act can be covered by self- defense as a basis
I detta rättsvetenskapliga arbetet har laglotten samt dess bestämmelser behandlats. Syftet har varit att utreda rättsläget kring laglotten, dess funktion och huruvida den är föråldrad idag. Den rättsdogmatiska metoden har använts i denna uppsats tillsammans med rättshistoriska inslag. Under 1800-talet växte laglotten fram i avsikt att garantera bröstarvingar hälften av kvarlåtenskapen, vilket ledThis essay focusses on the statutory share of inheritance. The purpose has been to investigate the legal matter of the statutory share of inheritance, its function and if it is outdated today or not. A legal dogmatic method with a legislative development perspective has been used throughout this essay. The statutory share of inheritance was initially established in the 1800s with the intention of
Syftet med arbetet är att utreda om faderskapspresumtionen har spelat ut sin roll i ett modernt samhälle. Jag har använt mig av rättsdogmatisk metod och inleder med att utreda rättsläget för att sedan presentera de alternativ som finns till nuvarande reglering. Är en moder gift med en man vid sitt barns födsel ska denne anses som barnets far. Detta kallas ”pater est”-regeln och ger uttryck för deThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether the paternity presumption has been outdated in a modern society. I have based the work on legal dogmatic method and begin by investigating the legal position to continue by presenting potential options to current regulations. If the mother is married to a man at the birth of a child he is presumed father of the child. This is called the “pater e
