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Background: Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) is a rare cause of sudden cardiac arrest which may pose therapeutic and prognostic challenges. To date, the only effective treatment for survivors of cardiac arrest is the insertion of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). We sought to review the long-term outcome of a Swedish cohort with IVF. Methods and results: Fifty patients with
Behavioral adaptations play an important role in predator–prey interactions as they reduce predation risk. Prey organisms have therefore evolved a tremendous variability in behavioral adaptations. In case of small crustaceans of the genus Daphnia, which are common and important herbivores transferring energy from primary producers to higher trophic levels, such as predatory fish, and insects, alte
Background: Incidental gallbladder cancer is a rare event, and its prognosis is largely affected by the tumour stage and treatment. The aim of this study was to analyse the management, treatment and survival of patients with incidental gallbladder cancer in a national cohort over a decade. Methods: Patients were identified through the Swedish Registry of Gallstone Surgery (GallRiks). Data were cro
Long-term follow-up is common in many medical investigations where the interest lies in predicting patients’ risks for a future adverse outcome using repeatedly measured predictors over time. A key quantity is the likelihood of developing an adverse outcome among individuals who survived up to time s given their covariate information up to time s. Simple, yet reliable, methodology for updating the
The cellular mechanisms underlying hereditary photoreceptor degeneration are still poorly understood, a problem that is exacerbated by the enormous genetic heterogeneity of this disease group. However, the last decade has yielded a wealth of new knowledge on degenerative pathways and their diversity. Notably, a central role of cGMP-signalling has surfaced for photoreceptor cell death triggered by
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explain the “evaluation deadlock” or “stasis” diagnosed by many authors. The explanation relies on a thought experiment. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is conceptual and builds on a thought experiment inspired by qualitative research such as interviews with communication consultants in Sweden. It makes use of principal–agent theory and Akerlof’s the
Self-adaptation provides a principled way to deal with software systems' uncertainty during operation. Examples of such uncertainties are disturbances in the environment, variations in sensor readings, and changes in user requirements. As more systems with strict goals require self-adaptation, the need for formal guarantees in self-adaptive systems is becoming a high-priority concern. Designing se
To achieve a reduced chemical model for comprehensive prediction of ammonia/hydrogen/methane mixture combustion, a detailed chemical mechanism with 128 species and 957 reactions was first assembled using models from literature. Directed relation graph with error propagation (DRGEP) with sensitivity analysis reduction method was then used to obtain compact reaction models. The studied reduction con
Outside of the photosynthetic machinery, high-valent manganese cofactors are rare in biology. It was proposed that a recently discovered subclass of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), class Id, is dependent on a Mn2(IV,III) cofactor for catalysis. Class I RNRs consist of a substrate-binding component (NrdA) and a metal-containing radical-generating component (NrdB). Herein we utilize a combination of
The clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes is associated with several autoimmune phenomena including islet cell antibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase (the GAD65 isoform) autoantibodies (GAD65Ab) as well as insulin autoantibodies. The molecular cloning of these autoantigens has permitted the development of precise and reproducible antibody immunoassays to identify marker-positive patients a
Risk of dementia is increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to study associations between relevant comorbidities and prevalent as well as incident dementia in AF patients. Study population included all adults (n = 12,283) ≥ 45 years diagnosed with AF at 75 primary care centers in Sweden 2001–2007. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence
Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for hypertension; the mechanism by which alcohol consumption impact blood pressure (BP) regulation remains unknown. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study accounting for gene-alcohol consumption interaction for BP might identify additional BP loci and contribute to the understanding of alcohol-related BP regulation. We conducted
