Filtyp
Background: Despite considerable racial and geographical differences in human phenotypes and in the incidence of diseases that may be associated with sex steroid action, there are few data concerning variation in sex steroid levels among populations. We designed an international study to determine the degree to which geography and race influence sex steroid levels in older men. Methods: Using mass
Epitaxially grown nanowires have shown promise for photovoltaic applications due to their nanophotonic properties. Moreover, the mechanical properties of nanowires can reduce crystallographic defect formation at interfaces to help enable new material combinations for photovoltaics. One material that stands to benefit from the nanowire morphology is zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), which, despite promising
We face closely intertwined crises related to biodiversity, climate change, global health andinequality. Unfortunately, the knowledge that could help overcome these existential crises isscattered across millions of scientific articles, reports, policy documents, databases, andindividual datasets, far exceeding human processing capabilities. This hinders evidence-basedresearch, innovation and polic
Analyzing kinetic experiments on protein aggregation using integrated rate laws has led to numerous advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemical mechanisms behind amyloidogenic disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, the description of biologically relevant processes may require rate equations that are too complex to solve using existing methods, hindering mec
Growing evidence of the microbiome's importance for plant ecology highlights the need for conservation strategies that consider both plants and their microbial partners, the holobiont. Population genomics are valuable tools for designing conservation strategies but rarely accounts for host- or site-specific microbial interactions. Orchids, with their dependence on specific mycorrhizal fungi, exemp
Additive manufacturing (AM) makes it feasible to realise complex lattice structuresthat provide structural flexibility through engineered structural design rather thanrelying solely on material softness. Across sectors such as furniture, healthcare,protective equipment, and robotics, such flexibility is a core functional requirement,that influences comfort, fit, impact response, lightweighting, an
Inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies due to excellent photoelectric properties and solution processing advantages. However, the traditional preparation process based on inert atmosphere annealing of perovskite films faces key challenges, including high energy consumption, strict crystallization control, and the presence of stresses. The study
Investigate the effects of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) in offspring compared both to their siblings and to age-specific BMI reference values in Sweden. Their parents present BMI was also investigated.
Introduction: Current attempts to identify genetic modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 associated risk have focused on a candidate gene approach, based on knowledge of gene functions, or the development of large genome-wide association studies. In this study, we evaluated 24 SNPs tagged to 14 candidate genes derived through a novel approach that analysed gene expression differences to prioritise candidat
BACKGROUND: The possibility of an association of Graves' disease (GD) with subsequent cancers raised by certain studies. METHODS: Using a database on 18 156 hospitalised GD patients, subsequent cancers were ascertained. RESULTS: Increased risks of thyroid and parathyroid tumours were limited to the early follow-up period, which is probably a surveillance bias. Cancer sites with observed excess inc
Background Comparison of patients with coronary heart disease and controls in genome-wide association studies has revealed several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coronary heart disease. We aimed to establish the external validity of these findings and to obtain more precise risk estimates using a prospective cohort design. Methods We tested 13 recently discovered SNPs for a
Background. Although the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and drug use disorder (DUD) is well documented, it is unclear whether it is causal or results from familial confounding. Method. In this study we included all 551 164 individuals born in Sweden between 1991 and 1995 and used linked data from multiple nationwide registries to identify those with ADHD prior
-Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects over 30 million individuals worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of stroke, heart failure, and death. AF is highly heritable, yet the genetic basis for the arrhythmia remains incompletely understood.
DNA is a versatile heteropolymer that shows great potential as a building block for a diverse array of nanostructures. We present here a solution to the problem of designing and synthesizing a DNA-based nanostructure that will serve as the track along which an artificial molecular motor processes. This one-dimensional DNA track exhibits periodically repeating elements that provide specific binding
Background. Although there are putative mechanistic links between obesity and autoimmune diseases, obesity is not considered a risk factor for most autoimmune diseases. Methods. Using the nation-wide Hospital Discharge Register we defined a cohort of 29,665 patients hospitalized for obesity since year 1964. The patients were followed for hospitalization for any of 34 autoimmune or related conditio
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a large group of chemicals which are highly persistent in both nature and humans. The use of the most prominent ones, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), was reduced in the early 21st century, and since then levels in human matrices have decreased. However, these two compounds have been exchanged by other PFAAs, for which time trends
The European Green Deal (EGD) aims for agriculture to contribute positively to climate change mitigation and nature preservation while meeting growing societal needs for food, energy, and biomaterials. Delivering comprehensive policy action efficiently requires decision-support tools to assess the outcomes of interventions across multiple, and potentially conflicting, goals. By means of agent-base
Post-compression of (sub)-picosecond laser pulses down to sub-100 fs durations has become a standard approach for high-peak-power sources at a high average power [1]. Here, we propose a new post-compression geometry suited for extreme temporal compression of energetic narrowband lasers, such as diode or electrically pumped four-level systems which can deliver kW-average powers [2], but typically e
