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The distribution of organic matter (OM) in soil particle-size fractions is a key process in the dynamic and persistence of soil organic carbon. In order to study the distribution of organic amendments among the different soil particle-size fractions in a semi-arid, degraded soil (a sandy loam Haplic Regosol), a 9-month-incubation experiment was carried out after the application of composted organi
This paper investigates the relationship between anticipation that employers may discriminate against certain people (not specified, but not specifically the respondent) according to race, colour of skin, religion or cultural background, and self-rated health, adjusting for social capital in the form of generalised (horizontal) trust in other people. It also investigates ethnic differences in anti
Utilization of all sugars in lignocellulose hydrolysates is a prerequisite for economically feasible bioethanol production. The yeast commonly used for industrial ethanol production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is naturally unable to utilize pentose sugars xylose and arabinose, which constitute a large fraction of many lignocellulosic materials. Xylose utilization by S. cerevisiae can be achieved by
Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla människor blir dagligen utsatta för olika typer av främmande organismer som kan förorsaka kroppen skada. Därför har vi utvecklat celler som har till uppgift att "döda" och avlägsna allt främmande som kommer in i kroppen, det så kallade immunförsvaret. Immunförsvaret består av ett komplicerat nätverk av celler och molekyler som tillsammans skyddar oss om vi utsätts This thesis deals with the interactions between superantigens and their receptors. Superantigens are proteins that are secreted by various bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Superantigens are able to cross-link T cells and antigen presenting cells by binding to the T cell receptor (TCR) and MHC class II. They bind as unprocessed antigens and activate up to 20 % of
The aims of this study were: to compare the cartilaginous outline of the femoral head obtained on arthrograms with those on MR images and to correlate it to the bony head outlines on conventional radiograps; to study early, postoperative cartilaginous and bony remodeling of the femoral head, after proximal femoral varus derotation extension osteotomy, with MR imaging and conventional radiography;
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tumörimmunologisk grundkurs: En tumörcell har en gång i tiden varit en vanlig laglydig cell i någon av kroppens vävnader men på grund av arv eller dålig uppväxtmiljö så har denna cell upphört att följa de tillväxt begränsande regler som normala celler rättar sig efter. Förutom att kontrollen av celldelningen upphört så kan tumörcellen uppvisa ett mer eller mindre asociThis study aims at clarifying the role of NO in the immunosuppression induced by in vivo tumor growth and by tumor immunotherapy, and determining whether the inhibition of NO production can be used as an adjuvant in tumor immunotherapy. We have shown previously that tumor cells, glioma (N32) and colon carcinoma (H1D2), when genetically engineered to express such immune stimulatory cytokines as IFN
Source-sorted municipal organic waste collected from different dwelling types in five Danish cities and pre-treated at three different plants was sampled and characterized several times during one year to investigate the origin of any differences in composition of the pre-treated waste introduced by city, pre-treatment technology, dwelling type or annual season. The investigated pre-treatment tech
This article presents a new method for conjugate view activity quantification for 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody distribution. METHODS: The method is based on the combined use of images from 3 modalities: whole-body (WB) scintillation camera scanning, WB transmission scanning using 57Co, and CT. All images are coaligned using a recently developed program for the registration of WB images. Correc
Popular Abstract in Swedish Idag lagras allt fler kartor digitalt och nya metoder krävs för att förbättra denna digitala hantering. Ett område som studerats under senare tid är automatiska metoder för kartografisk generalisering. Kartografisk generalisering innebär att man förenklar informationen i en karta för att göra den mer lättläst i den önskade skalan. Denna avhandling beskriver en optimerinCartographic generalisation is the process of simplifying a representation to suit the scale and purpose of a map. As such, generalisation has always been a central part in map production. This thesis is a contribution to the ongoing work on automating cartographic generalisation. Two topics are treated: optimisation methods in graphic generalisation, and propagation of updates between cartographi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Resenärernas värderingar av kvalitet i lokal kollektivtrafik – hur man kan mäta dem, hur de varierar och hur man kan använda dem i planeringen Syftet med arbetet har varit att ta fram ett mer detaljerat underlag för planering av lokal kollektivtrafik. Med mer kunskap om hur olika grupper av resenärer värderar olika delar av en kollektivtrafikresa kan kollektivtrafiknätThe aim of this work was to get a more detailed basis for planning of local public transport. With more knowledge of how segments of travellers assess different parts of a journey, bus routes can be planned to fit either all passengers or selected groups better. It will also be possible to evaluate perceived travel utility separately for each category of passengers. Stated Preference questionnaire
In winter, small birds should be fat to avoid starvation and lean and agile to escape predators. This means that they face a tradeoff between the costs and benefits of carrying fat reserves. Every day they must gain enough fat to survive the coming night. Food-hoarding species can afford to carry less fat than nonhoarders because they can store energy outside the body. Furthermore, hoarders should
Recent research on life in extreme environments has shown that some microorganisms metabolize at extremely low temperatures in Arctic and Antarctic ice and permafrost. Here, we present kinetic data on CO2 and (CO2)-C-14 release from intact and C-14-glucose amended tundra soils (Barrow, Alaska) incubated for up to a year at 0 to -39 degrees C. The rate of CO2 production declined exponentially with
Malaria is a climate sensitive disease that is causing rampant deaths in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and its impact is expected to worsen under climate change. Thus, pre-emptive policies for future malaria control require projections based on integrated models that can accommodate complex interactions of both climatic and non-climatic factors that define malaria landscape. In this paper, we combined
Familial dilated cardiomyopathy is a rare cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), especially in childhood. Our aim was to describe the clinical course and the genetic variants in a family where the proband was a four-month-old infant presenting with respiratory problems due to DCM. In the family, there was a strong family history of DCM and sudden cardiac death in four generations. DNA was analyzed
OBJECTIVE:: Arterial stiffening increases with age and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Several risk factors have been shown to predict the development of arterial stiffening; however, a positive family history (FH+) of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) and hypertension has not been extensively studied. We hypothesize that FH+ of CMD plays a significant role in the development of arte
Objectives: To investigate the association between cognitive decline and cortical atrophy in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and chronic subsyndromal symptoms of depression (SSD) over a 4-year period. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Multicenter, clinic-based. Participants: Within the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative repository, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory
Rodents homozygous for autosomal leptin receptor gene mutations not only become obese, insulin resistant, and hyperleptinemic but also develop a dysregulated immune system. Using marker-assisted breeding to introgress the Koletsky rat leptin receptor mutant (lepr-/lepr-), we developed a novel congenic BBDR.lepr-/lepr- rat line to study the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Bi
Background: Use of bio-based diesel is increasing in Europe. It is currently produced from oilseed crops, but can also be generated from lignocellulosic biomass such as straw. However, removing straw affects soil organic carbon (SOC), with potential consequences for the climate impact of the biofuel. This study assessed the climate impacts and energy balance of biodiesel production from straw usin
A DNS study of propagation of either an infinitely thin passive interface or a reaction wave of a nonzero thickness in forced, constant-density, statistically stationary, homogeneous, isotropic turbulence was performed by solving Navier-Stokes equations and either level set or reaction-diffusion equation, respectively, with all other things being equal. The simulations covered a wide range of cond
Background: Allergy and asthma are closely linked. Inhalation of allergen induces an early allergic response (EAR) within the airways of allergic asthmatic subjects, which is followed by a late allergic response (LAR) in approximately 50% of the subjects. The LAR is defined as a drop in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) from baseline usually occurring 4-8 hours after exposure and is beli
