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Background: The benefits of hypothermia during acute severe anemia are not entirely settled. The authors hypothesized that cooling would improve tolerance to anemia. Methods: Eight normothermic (38.0 +/- 0.5degreesC) and eight hypothermic (32.0 +/- 0.5degreesC) pigs anesthetized with midazolam-fentanyl-vecuronium-isoflurane (0.5% inspired concentration) were subjected to stepwise normovolemic hemo

Environmental fluctuations have been proposed to enhance the coexistence of competing phenotypes. Evaluations are here presented on the effects of prey density and short-term temporal clumping of prey availability on the relative foraging success of unequal interferers in social forager groups of juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta feeding on drifting invertebrate prey (frozen chironomids). Groups o

The effects of input data uncertainty on the critical loads and exceedance estimates for Swedish forest soils was assessed using Monte Carlo simulations of the PROFILE model. The study focuses on the effects of data uncertainty on the 5%-ile critical load at 150 × 150 km resolution and the 95%-ile exceedance at 150 × 150 km and 50 × 50 km resolution. The results indicate that data uncertainty limi

A sudden unilateral loss or impairment of vestibular function causes vertigo, dizziness, and impaired postural function. In most occasions, everyday activities supported or not by vestibular rehabilitation programs will promote a compensation and the symptoms subside. As the compensatory process requires sensory input, matching performed motor activity, both motor learning of exercises and matchin

Background Melanoma risk is related to sun exposure; we have investigated risk variation by tumour site and latitude. Methods We performed a pooled analysis of 15 case-control studies (5700 melanoma cases and 7216 controls), correlating patterns of sun exposure, sunburn and solar keratoses (three studies) with melanoma risk. Pooled odds ratios (pORs) and 95% Bayesian confidence intervals (CIs) wer

Background: Previous studies indicate that there may be infant gender differences in cytokine expression associated with differences in neonatal morbidity. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that umbilical cord interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) correlates with infant gender and neonatal outcome in preterm infants. Study Design: IL-1ra was measured in cord blood taken from 58 preterm infa

Background: Erectile dysfunction is associated with, and may be the first sign of coronary artery disease. We aimed to assess whether men with erectile dysfunction but without cardiovascular disease have reduced coronary flow reserve, as a sign of early coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: We investigated 12 men aged 68-73 years with erectile dysfunction, and 12 age-matched controls. Erectile functi

An U-L-rhamnosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.40) from a newly discovered thermophilic bacterium was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 DE3 pRIL cells. The cells were immobilized in Ca2+-alginate beads. The temperature of 50 degrees C used in reactions, appeared to be sufficient for making the mesophilic strain porous enough for the substrate to access the cloned thermostable enzyme. Pretreatment of cells with

In the current study, we used bootstrap analyses and the common principal component (CPC) method of Flury (1988) to estimate and compare the G-matrix of Scabiosa columbaria and S. canescens populations. We found three major patterns in the G-matrices: (i) the magnitude of the (co)variances was more variable among characters than among populations, (ii) different populations showed high (co)varianc

This study reports on three years (2004-2006) of measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) over a young Siberian larch plantation in Iceland established on previously grazed heathland pasture that had been scarified prior to planting. The study evaluated the variation of NEE and its component fluxes, gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (R-e), with the aim to clarify how cli

Ghrelin is produced by the A-like cells of the stomach and mobilized by food deprivation. It was reported recently that acute psychological stress increases ghrelin gene expression in rat oxyntic mucosa. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of such stress on circulating ghrelin levels. To this end, we measured plasma ghrelin in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats (a high-anxiety strain) and Sprague

Acrylamide, a probable carcinogen, is formed via the Maillard reaction between reducing sugars and the amino acid asparagine during heating of carbohydrate-rich foods. Potatoes contain high levels of these precursors, and thus potato crisps can contain high levels of acrylamide. In this study, the effect of blanching on the concentration of precursors and acrylamide content was studied in three po

Folate's role in breast cancer development is controversial. Not only estrogen receptor (ER) alpha status, but also ERbeta status of tumors may have confounded results from previous epidemiological studies. We aimed to examine associations between plasma folate concentration and postmenopausal breast cancer defined by ER status. This nested case-control study, within the Malmö diet and cancer coho

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares following hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) reduction or discontinuation versus HCQ maintenance. METHODS: We analysed prospective data from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) cohort, enrolled from 33 sites within 15 months of SLE diagnosis and followed annually (1999-2019). We evaluated person-time contributed whi

We determine the composition dependence of the transverse and longitudinal optical infrared-active phonon modes in rhombohedral α-(AlxGa1-x)2O3 alloys by far-infrared and infrared generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry. Single-crystalline high quality undoped thin-films grown on m-plane oriented α-Al2O3 substrates with x = 0.18, 0.37, and 0.54 were investigated. A single mode behavior is observed

Crystallography provides a means of visualizing intact virus particles as well as their isolated constituent proteins and enzymes (1, 2, 3) at near-atomic resolution, and is thus an extraordinarily powerful tool in the pursuit of a fuller understanding of the functioning of these simple biological systems. We have already expanded our knowledge of virus evolution, assembly, antigenic variation, an

Introduction: The prognostic value of angina during exercise stress testing is controversial, possibly due to previous studies not differentiating typical from non-typical angina. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of typical angina alone, or in combination with ST depression, during exercise stress testing for predicting cardiovascular events. Methods: We conducted a prospective observationa

Background and Aims: We aimed to compare the risk of frailty in older adults with incident inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and matched non-IBD comparators and assess the association between frailty and future hospitalizations and mortality. Methods: In a cohort of patients with incident IBD ≥60 years of age from 2007 to 2016 in Sweden identified using nationwide registers, we defined frailty usin

The core-multishell wurtzite structure (In,Ga)As–(Ga,Al)As–(Ga,Mn)As semiconductor nanowires have been successfully grown on GaAs(111)B substrates using MBE technique. The nanowires cores were grown with gold eutectic catalyser in vapour–liquid–solid growth mode. The double shell overgrowth, on the side facets of nanowires, was performed using lower substrate temperature (about 400 ◦C, and 230 ◦C,